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Hierarchically Ordered Porous Carbon with Atomically Dispersed FeN4for Ultraefficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Proton‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第7期132卷

作者： Mengfei Qiao Ying Wang Quan Wang Guangzhi Hu Xamxikamar Mamat Shusheng Zhang Shuangyin Wang Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes School of Ecology and Environmental Science School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650504 China Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Plant Resources in Arid Regions State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Science Urumqi 830011 China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450000 China State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics Provincial Hunan Key Laboratory for Graphene Materials and Devices College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China

The low catalytic activity and poor mass transport capacity of platinum group metal free (PGM‐free) catalysts seriously restrict the application of proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Catalysts derived from Fe‐doped ZIF‐8 could in theory be as active as Pt/C thanks to the high intrinsic activity of FeN 4 ; however, the micropores fail to meet rapid mass transfer. Herein, an ordered hierarchical porous structure is introduced into Fe‐doped ZIF‐8 single crystals, which were subsequently carbonized to obtain an FeN 4 ‐doped hierarchical ordered porous carbon (FeN 4 /HOPC) skeleton. The optimal catalyst FeN 4 /HOPC‐c‐1000 shows excellent performance with a half‐wave potential of 0.80 V in 0.5 m H 2 SO 4 solution, only 20 mV lower than that of commercial Pt/C (0.82 V). In a real PEMFC, FeN 4 /HOPC‐c‐1000 exhibits significantly enhanced current density and power density relative to FeN 4 /C, which does not have an optimized pore structure, implying an efficient utilization of the active sites and enhanced mass transfer to promote the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).

关键词： Brennstoffzellen Stofftransfer Mesoporöse Materialien Sauerstoffreduktionsreaktion Zeolith-Analoga

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Facilitated biological reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by reduced graphene oxide and the role of its surface characteristics

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Scientific Reports 2016年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： Li, Lei Liu, Qi Wang, Yi-Xuan Zhao, Han-Qing He, Chuan-Shu Yang, Hou-Yun Gong, Li Mu, Yang Yu, Han-Qing CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210094 China

How reduced graphene oxide (RGO) mediates the reductive transformation of nitroaromatic pollutants by mixed cultures and the role of its surface characteristics were evaluated in this study. Different electron donors were applied to investigate the interaction between RGO and anaerobic microbes. Moreover, the influence of the surface properties of RGO on biological nitroaromatic removal was further elucidated. The results show that RGO could achieve an approximate one-fold rate increase of nitrobenzene reduction by mixed culture with glucose as an electron donor. Selective elimination of oxygen moieties on the RGO surface, such as quinone groups, decreased the nitrobenzene transformation rate, whereas doping nitrogen into the RGO framework exhibited a positive effect. The study indicates that graphene-based carbon nanomaterials have the potential to accelerate the biological transformation of nitroaromatic compounds and that the functionalization of these carbon nanomaterials, especially through surface modification, would further enhance the conversion efficiency of contaminants.

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A variable fuzzy set model for assessment of water ecological civilization for a city in china 12

A variable fuzzy set model for assessment of water ecologica...

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Uncertainty Modelling in Knowledge Engineering and Decision Making - 12th International Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Technologies in Nuclear Science Conference, FLINS 2016

作者： Yuankun, Wang Dong, Sheng Dong, Wang Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry Ministry of Education Department of Hydrosciences School of Earth Sciences and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Hunan Water Resources and Hydropower Research Institute Changsha410007 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789813146969

The assessment system for water ecological civilization city is suggested, including a rule layer with 5 factors and an index layer with 19 defined indexes based on the connotation of water ecological civilization. Assessment model is developed based on the variable fuzzy set, which reasonably identifies the relative membership degree and function of simple index and standard interval of each level. Taking Zhuzhou city, China, as an example of comprehensive evaluation of water ecological civilization, the results show that the proposed model can rationally determine ecological civilization grade considering all related indicators. The eco-civilization of water in Zhuzhou city is in a low level: non-harmonious. The results of this paper could provide scientific references for city water management and environment protection. © 2016 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

关键词： Decision making

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Electrochemical oxidation post-treatment of high concentration waste oil/water emulsion treated with ultrafiltration

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International Journal of Simulation: Systems, Science and technology 2016年第36期17卷 16.1-16.7页

作者： Liua, Yang Wang, Lian Jun Liu, Lihua Han, Weiqing Sun, Xiuyun Li, Jiansheng Shen, Jinyou Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province for Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science & Technology NanjingJiang Su Province210094 China Fasten Group of China JiangyinJiang Su Province214433 China

Integration of ultrafiltration (UF) with electrochemical oxidation process is investigated as treatment of stabilized high concentration waste oil/water emulsions, collected from metal drawing industry. Results show that at optimum conditions for different ultrafiltration membranes treated, the effluent still contains high CODCr and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) that is above the emission standard. Electrochemical oxidation process using Ti/SnO2+Sb2O3/β-PbO2 electrodes is tested as effluent posttreatment in reducing these high pollutant concentrations. Electrodes showed the perfect property. CODCr, NH3-N were affected during electrochemical oxidation process. Through a single-factor electrolysis experiment with optimal running conditions (current density of I=400A/m2, pH=6, CNaCl=10g/L, electrode spacing 5mm), after 15minutes the final CODCr and NH3-N concentrations were 18 and 2.4 mg/L and down to the discharge standards. A combined process consisting of UF and electrochemical oxidation can be a technical suitable solution for stabilized high concentration waste oil/water emulsions and yield a very high-quality aqueous effluent that could be reused for emulsion reformulation or others. © 2016, UK Simulation Society. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antimony compounds

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Enhancement of azo dye decolourization in a MFC-MEC coupled system

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Bioresource technology 2016年 202卷 93-100页

作者： Yang Li Hou-Yun Yang Jin-You Shen Yang Mu Han-Qing Yu CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Province China. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Province China. Electronic address: yangmu@***.

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have shown the potential for azo dye decolourization. In this study, a MFC-MEC (microbial electrolysis cell) coupled system was established in order to enhance azo dye decolourization, and the influence of several key factors on reactor performance was evaluated. Moreover, a theoretical analysis was conducted to find the essential preconditions for successfully develop this MFC-MEC coupled system. The results indicate that the decolourization rate in the coupled system had a 36.52-75.28% improvement compared to the single MFC. Anodic acetate concentration of both the MFC and the MEC showed a positive effect on azo dye decolourization, while the cathodic pH of both MEC and MFC in the range of 7.0-10.3 had an insignificant impact on reactor performance in the coupled system. The theoretical analysis reveals that the MFC should have higher short-circuit electricity generation than the MEC before connecting together for a successful coupled system.

关键词： Azo dye Decolourization Microbial electrolysis cell Microbial fuel cell

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Evaluation of the removal of antiestrogens and antiandrogens via ozone and granular activated carbon using bioassay and fluorescent spectroscopy

Evaluation of the removal of antiestrogens and antiandrogens...

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第三届生态毒理学学术研讨会

作者： Dehua Ma Lujun Chen Yuchao Wu Rui Liu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Water Science and T School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province Jiaxing 314050China

Widespread endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs) in the aquatic ecosystems is a growing concern due to their potential long-term effects on aquatic organisms even at very low concentrations [1].

关键词： Antiestrogenic activity Antiandrogenic activity Ozone Activated carbon Endocrine disrupting chemicals Fluorescent spectroscopy

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Role of NOM molecular size on iodo-trihalomethane formation during chlorination and chloramination

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Water research 2016年 102卷 533-541页

作者： Jie Zhang Dan-Dan Chen Lei Li Wen-Wei Li Yang Mu Han-Qing Yu CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology Department of Chemistry University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 Jiangsu Province China. Electronic address: yangmu@***.

Natural organic matter (NOM) is the major precursor for the generation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during disinfection, but the role of the NOM molecular size on the formation of iodinated DBPs (I-DBPs) is still unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the function of the NOM molecular size on the formation of iodo-trihalomethane (I-THMs) during chlorination and chloramination. Humic acid was adopted as the NOM matrix and fractionated into four molecular weight (MW) groups. Various parameters, including iodide, bromide, NOM concentrations, pH, and pre-chlorination time, were investigated for each MW fraction. During chlorination, high MW fractions (i.e., MW > 100 K Da and 50 K < MW < K00 K Da) produced more I-THMs compared with small MW fractions (i.e., MW < 3 K Da and 3 K < MW < 50 K Da). With the increase in the I(-) or NOM concentration, the formation of I-THMs increased for small MW fractions, while a slight reduction occurred for high MW fractions during chlorination. Higher pH resulted in more I-THM formation for small MW fractions, while the opposite was true for high MW fractions during chlorination. Compared to small MW fractions, bromide was relatively more reactive with high MW fractions in the formation of I-THMs during chlorination. During chloramination, the I-THM yields decreased with the increasing NOM concentration for high MW fractions. The concentration of bromine-containing I-THMs decreased with increasing pH for all MW fractions during chloramination. Additionally, with the prolongation of pre-chlorination time, the total amount of I-THMs decreased remarkably for MWs higher than 3 K Da, while a slight change for MW lower than 3 K Da occurred during chloramination. The results from this study suggest that the molecular weight of the NOM plays an important role in the formation of I-THMs during chlorination and chloramination.

关键词： Chloramine Chlorine Iodo-trihalomethane Molecular weight

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Role of NO in Hg^0 oxidation over a commercial selective catalytic reduction catalyst V_2O_5–WO_3/TiO_2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期27卷 126-132页

作者： Ruihui Liu Wenqing Xu Li Tong Tingyu Zhu Research Center for Process Pollution Control National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production TechnologyInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province School of Resources and MaterialsNortheastern University at Qinhuangdao Branch

Experiments were conducted in a fixed-bed reactor that contained a commercial catalyst,V2O5-WO3/TiO2,to investigate mercury oxidation in the presence of NO and *** oxidation was improved by NO,and the efficiency was increased by simultaneously adding NO and *** NO and O2 pretreatment at 350°C,the catalyst exhibited higher catalytic activity for Hg^0 oxidation,whereas NO pretreatment did not exert a noticeable *** the reaction temperature boosted the performance of the catalyst treated with NO and *** NO promoted Hg^0 oxidation at the very beginning,excessive NO counteracted this *** results show that NO plays different roles in Hg^0oxidation; NO in the gaseous phase may directly react with the adsorbed Hg^0,but excessive NO hinders Hg^0 *** adsorbed NO was converted into active nitrogen species（e.g.,NO2） with oxygen,which facilitated the adsorption and oxidation of Hg^***^0 was oxidized by NO mainly by the Eley-Rideal *** Hg^0 temperature-programmed desorption experiment showed that weakly adsorbed mercury species were converted to strongly bound ones in the presence of NO and O2.

关键词： Mercury NO Mechanism Selective catalytic reduction catalyst Oxidation Vanadium

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Eutrophication risk assessment: A hybrid cloud approach 5th

Eutrophication risk assessment: A hybrid cloud approach

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5th International Conference on Risk Analysis and Crisis Response, RACR 2015

作者： Liu, Dengfeng Wang, Dong Wang, Yuankun Wang, Lachun Zhang, Liyuan Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry MOE Department of Hydrosciences School of Earth Sciences and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China Water Resources Service Center of Jiangsu Province Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781138027459

Efficient and accurate assessment of water environmental risks is of great importance with severe environmental situation in developing nations. A hybrid cloud technique is proposed based on entropy theory and cloud model, particularly considering various uncertainties, randomness and fuzziness of the concept "eutrophication risk" and subjective uncertainties in weights calculations, in eutrophication risk assessment. In this approach, given eutrophication risk factors and corresponding levels, parameters of the cloud model under each factor are determined, and the assessment model is generated with hybrid weights based on Shannon entropy and the AHP. Eutrophication risks can be assessed with peaks of certainty degrees by the hybrid cloud model. Eutrophication risks of representative lakes have been assessed by the proposed approach. Results indicate that this technique is applicable in comparisons with conventional methods. © 2015 Taylor & Francis Group, London.

关键词： Eutrophication

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Removal of phosphate from wastewater using alkaline residue

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 970-980页

作者： Yubo Yan Xiuyun Sun Fangbian Ma Jiansheng Li Jinyou Shen Weiqing Han Xiaodong Liu Lianjun Wang Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Alkaline residue （AR） was found to be an efficient adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater. The kinetic and equilibrium of phosphate removal were investigated to evaluate the performance of modified alkaline residue. After treatment by NaOH （AR-NaOH）, removal performance was significantly improved, while removal performance was almost completely lost after treatment by HCI （AR-HC1）. The kinetics of the removal process by all adsorbents was well characterized by the pseudo second-order model. The Langmuir model exhibited the best correlation for AR-HC1, while AR was effectively described by Freundlich model. Both models were well fitted to AR-NaOH. The maximum adsorption capacities calculated from Langmuir equation were in following manner： AR-NaOH 〉 AR 〉 AR-HC1. Phosphate removal by alkaline residue was pH dependent process. Mechanisms for phosphate removal mainly involved adsorption and precipitation, varied with equilibrium pH of solution. For AR-HCI, the acid equilibrium pH （〈 6.0） was unfavorable for the formation of Ca-P precipitate, with adsorption as the key mechanism for phosphate removal. In contrast, for AR and AR- NaOH, precipitation was the dominant mechanism for phosphate removal, due to the incrase on pH （〉 8.0） after phosphate removal. The results of both XRD and SEM analysis confirmed CaHPOa.2H20 formation after phosphate removal by AR and AR-NaOH.

关键词： alkaline residue chemical modification phosphate removal adsorption precipitation

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