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The Variation, Source, and Environmental Impact of Chloride Across China: Summarized Field Results Based on the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS)

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Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2025年第11期130卷

作者： Mingkai Liu Zhaoce Liu Jun Wang Wei Chen Tingting Feng Tianle Pan Bin Yuan Shan Huang Min Shao Min Hu Xinming Wang Weiwei Hu State Key Laboratory of Advanced Environmental Technology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Environmental Pollution and Control Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Now at Division of Environment & Sustainability Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Hong Kong China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan University Guangzhou China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Guangzhou China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing China

Despite numerous field studies focusing on the chemical composition of particulate matter, systematic investigations on particulate chloride (Cl − ) are scarce in China. This study examines the spatiotemporal distribution, origin, and environmental impact of Cl − across China via compiling a comprehensive data set of submicron aerosol (PM 1 ) detected by the aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). In addition, we integrated high-time resolution aerosol composition data from AMS at six representative sites in China for more detailed insights. The mass concentration of Cl − across China is notably high (1.9 ± 2.7 μg m −3 ) in comparison to the global average (0.3 ± 1.0 μg m −3 ), with a distinguished N–S pattern (North > South) and a distinct seasonality (winter > other seasons). Three categories of Cl − diurnal variations were classified, suggesting the primary combustion emission and gas/particle partitioning are the main drivers for the dynamic variation of Cl − . The good correlation between Cl − and combustion tracers corroborates the assertion that coal and biomass combustion are the main anthropogenic sources of Cl − based on emission inventory. Furthermore, the quantified environmental impacts of Cl − on ammonium balances, aerosol liquid water content, and hygroscopicity were systematically explored. In extreme cases, the Cl − can enhance 100% ALWC during polluted periods, signifying its key role in impacting the physiochemistry of aerosols. The mutual promotion between Cl − and other environment effects was also found. In summary, this study enhances our understanding of the distribution, sources, and environmental effects of Cl − across China, indicating that Cl − should be systematically considered in elucidating environment effect of fine particles.

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Three kinds of apatite adsorbents prepared by co-precipitation for Pb (II) and Cd (II) removal from wastewater: performance, competitive effects and mechanisms

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Journal of Molecular Liquids 2024年 400卷

作者： Haojie Chen Ruihao Xiao Danlian Huang Rui Deng Ruijin Li Yashi Chen Wei Zhou College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 PR China Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control Hunan University Ministry of Education Changsha 410082 PR China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei Anhui 230009 PR China Center for Computational Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Wuhan Textile University Wuhan 430200 PR China

Heavy metal pollution in water bodies is a serious environmental problem continuously, which requires urgently seeking an efficient and cost-effective solution. Apatite as the most abundant phosphate on earth exhibits remarkable adsorption effect on heavy metals. Based on this, three kinds of apatite adsorbents were prepared in this study by titration co-precipitation method for the removal of heavy metals Pb (II) and Cd (II) from water. In the single system, the maximum adsorption capacity of hydroxyapatite (Hap), chlorapatite (Clap), and fluorapatite (Fap) for Pb (II) was 1597.16 mg/g, 1477.82 mg/g, and 1455.99 mg/g, for Cd (II) were Hap (107.18 mg/g), Clap (79.08 mg/g) and Fap (15.8 mg/g). Pb (II) was more competitive than Cd (II) in binary metal system. Apatite adsorbents mainly remove Pb (II) and Cd (II) from solution by dissolution precipitation, electrostatic attraction, surface complexation and ion exchange. The results of this study show that the three kinds of apatite adsorbents exhibited excellent adsorption performance for Pb (II), and also had a certain removal effect for Cd (II). Therefore, the three kinds of apatite have certain application prospects in heavy metal wastewater treatment.

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The study of migration velocity of Cs-135 and Se-79 in intact rock

The study of migration velocity of Cs-135 and Se-79 in intac...

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第二届制造技术，材料和化学工程国际学术会议（MTMCE 2019）

作者： H LING L CHEN W M CHEN L YUN Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology CNNC Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Technology University of South China

The migration characteristics of highly mobile nuclides in natural barrier are the key concerns in the long-term safety assessment of geological disposal facilities. This paper focused on typical granite in Beishan area for geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste, and established a computational model for the release and migrate of nuclides after closure of repository by GoldSim. The migration characteristics of Cs-135 and Se-79 were analyzed by Monte Carlo stochastic simulation. The results show that the migration characteristics of Cs-135 and Se-79 in intact rock are direct influenced by hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic gradient, the migration velocity are 2.47×10 m/a and 9.61×10 m/a when the hydraulic conductivity correspond to 5.74 ×10 m/s. The analysis of the results shows that the migration characteristics can provide feedback guidance for the site selection and design of the disposal repository.

关键词： The study of migration velocity of Cs-135 and Se-79 in intact rock

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Molecular Weaving Towards Flexible Covalent Organic Framework Membranes for Efficient Gas Separations

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Angewandte Chemie 2024年第4期137卷

作者： Xiaohe Tian Li Cao Keming Zhang Rui Zhang Xueqin Li Chongshan Yin Shaofei Wang College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University Changsha 410082 China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control Beijing 102206 China Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation Hunan University Guangzhou 511340 China Division of Physical Science and Engineering 4700 King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering Shihezi University Shihezi Xinjiang 832003 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronic Materials Genome Engineering School of Physics and Electronic Science Changsha University of Science and Technology Changsha 410114 China

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) exhibit considerable potential in gas separations owing to their remarkable stability and tunable pore structures. Nevertheless, their application as gas separation membranes is hindered by limited size-sieving capabilities and poor processability. In this study, we propose a novel molecular weaving strategy that combines hydroxyl polymers and 2D TpPa−SO 3 H COF nanosheets, achieving high gas separation efficiency. Driven by the strong electrostatic interactions, the hydroxyl chains thread through the COF pores, effectively weaving and assembling the composites to achieve exceptional flexibility and high mechanical strength. The penetrated chains also reduce the effective pore size of COFs, and combined with the “secondary confinement effect” stemming from abundant CO 2 sorption sites in the channels, the PVA@TpPa−SO 3 H membrane demonstrates a remarkable H 2 permeance of 1267.3 GPU and an H 2 /CO 2 selectivity of 43, surpassing the 2008 Robson upper bound limit. This facile strategy holds promise for the manufacture of large-area COF-based membranes for small-sized gas separations.

关键词： Molecular weaving Gas separation Covalent organic frameworks Membrane separation

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Metal transformation, immobilization, and risks in ceramsite production via co-sintering of metal-contaminated soil and coal gangue

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Fuel 2025年 401卷

作者： Guopeng Ke Wu Zeng Jingyong Liu Yaohuang Li Ruzhu Yang Shuyu Dong Qunyi Shu Tao Chen Wenxiao Huang Weixin Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control School of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China Guangzhou Huanjing Environmental Protection Engineering Co. Ltd Guangzhou 510540 China Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital Guangzhou 510665 China School of Environmental Research South China Normal University Guangzhou 510006 China Key Laboratory of Radioactive and Rare Scattered Minerals Ministry of Natural Resources Shaoguan 510080 China

Metal-contaminated soil (CS) and coal gangue (CG) pose significant environmental challenges due to their potential risks to ecosystems and public health, necessitating effective disposal strategies. This study investigated the co-sintering of CS and CG into ceramsite, evaluating the role of binders (sodium metasilicate and borax) in enhancing structural integrity and ceramsite formation. Using ICP-OES, BCR, XRD, and SEM-EDS, this study elucidated the migration and transformation of eight metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn, As) under varying material ratios and sintering temperatures (900–1200 °C), alongside computational verification via thermodynamic equilibrium simulations. Sintering temperature was found to be the dominant factor governing metal immobilization. At 1100 °C, calcium feldspar (CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 ) crystallized into a stable structure, enabling > 85 % retention of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in residual phases without binders. This process generated a microporous matrix (pore diameter < 5 μm), further limiting metal mobility. At 1000 °C, the binders addition promoted the formation of sodium feldspar (NaAlSi 3 O 8 ), stabilizing > 80 % of Cd, Cr, Mn, Pb, and Zn in residual states, albeit with larger internal pores (10–20 μm). Both scenarios achieved moderate As stabilization (40–60 % residual phase), attributed to partial incorporation into silicate lattices. All ceramsite products complied with Chinese national standards (GB/T30760-2024), with metal leaching concentrations below regulatory thresholds, demonstrating low environmental risk. This study advances a scalable, additive-assisted co-sintering process that aligns with waste valorization principles, minimizing secondary pollution (e.g., 70 % reduction in volatile emissions) while converting hazardous wastes into reusable construction materials.

关键词： Garnets

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Highly efficient Uranium(Ⅵ) capture from aqueous solution by means of a hydroxyapatite-biochar nanocomposite: Adsorption behavior and mechanism

Highly efficient Uranium(Ⅵ) capture from aqueous solution b...

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第十一届重金属污染防治技术及风险评价研讨会

作者： Waqas Ahmed Avelino Nú?ez-Delgado Sajid Mehmood Sehrish Ali Muhammad Qaswar Awais Shakoor Di-Yun Chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangzhou University School of Civil Engineering Guangzhou University Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Engineering Polytechnic School Universidade de Santiago de Compostela College of Ecology and Environment Hainan University National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable Land Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering School of Environmental Science and Technology Dalian University of Technology Department of Environment and Soil Sciences University of Lleida

The exploration and rational design of easily separable and highly efficient sorbents with the sufficient capability of retaining radioactive and toxic uranium U（VI） is *** this study,a hydroxyapatite （HAP） biochar nanocomposite （BR/HAP） was successfully fabricated from rice straw biochar （BR）,to be used as a new and efficient adsorbent for removing U（VI） from aqueous *** BR and the BR/HAP composite were characterized via Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET）,scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）,transmission electron microscopy （TEM）,X-ray diffraction （XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR） and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy （XPS） *** test results showed that BR/HAP exhibited remarkably higher adsorption capacity than the raw BR.A pseudo-second order kinetic model thoroughly explained the adsorption kinetics,providing the maximum U（VI） adsorption capacities （q） of 110.56 mg g （R=0.98） and428.25 mg g （R=0.99）,for BR and BR/HAP,respectively,which was indicative of the rate-limited sorption via diffusion or surface complexation after rapid initial adsorption *** Langmuir isotherm model fitted the experimental data to accurately simulate the adsorption of U（VI） onto BR and BR/HAP （R=0.97 and R=0.99）.The thermodynamic results showed negative values forΔGo,clearly indicating that the reaction was spontaneous,as well as positive values forΔHo(11.04 kJ mol and 28.86 kJ mol,respectively) andΔSo(88.97 kJ molK,and 183.42 kJ mol K),making clear the endothermic nature of U（VI） adsorption onto both sorbents,with an increase in randomness at a molecular *** spectroscopy and XPS spectrum further confirmed that the primary mechanisms were ion exchange with UOand surface complexion by-OH and-COOH,and phosphate groups notably were conducive to the excellent sorption capability of BR/HAP towards *** addition,BR/HAP showed an excellent reusability,after five adsorption-desorption experiments,the

关键词： Adsorption Biochar Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposite Uranium Wastewater treatment

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Microbial community with the ability to biodegradation perchlorate in a bio-electrochemical reactor 4

Microbial community with the ability to biodegradation perch...

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2019 4th International Conference on Advances in Energy and Environment Research, ICAEER 2019

作者： Zhong, Yu He, Li Fu, Guangyi Xu, Youze Xie, Lixia Cheng, Yingxiang Zhao, Yuanyuan Qiu, Yaqun Xiang, Renjun Gao, Xian Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Science Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control Technology Changsha410004 China College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University Changsha410082 China College of Life Sciences and Chemistry Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou412007 China Hunan Research Academy of Environmental Science Technology Consulting Co. Ltd Changsha410004 China

In this study, the sediments from the Liuyang River (hunan Province, China) were used as an inoculum to bio-reduction perchlorate in a bio-electrochemical reactor (BER). The efficient degradation of perchlorate was found in the BER by utilizing the hydrogen as electron donor. When the current intensity was 10 mA and HRT was 72 h, the removal rate of perchlorate (initial concentration was 5 mg/L) reached 84.13% and a removal flux of 178.68 mg/m2·d was achieved. High-throughput sequencing analysis confirmed that the biofilm in the reactor had been successfully acclimated, and the system could achieve perchlorate reduction effectively. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla during inoculation phase, and Actinobacteriria, Proteobacteria, and Tenericutes also constituted a low proportion in the biofilm. Bacilli and Clostridia were dominant at class-level both in inoculum and biofilm, with the relative abundance about 56%-72% and 17%-23%, respectively. These results confirmed that the biofilm in the BER system had been successfully formed, and the BER system could biodegradation perchlorate effectively. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2019.

关键词： Biofilms

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Insight into the effect of pyrolysis temperature on photoreactivity of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter: Impacts of aromaticity and carbonyl groups

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The Science of the total environment 2023年 871卷 162048页

作者： Hanzhuo Luo Eydhah Almatrafi Wenjun Wang Yang Yang Danlian Huang Weiping Xiong Min Cheng Chengyun Zhou Yin Zhou Qing Lin Guoge Fang Guangming Zeng Chen Zhang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control Hunan University Ministry of Education Changsha Hunan 410082 PR China Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia. School of Resources and Environment Hunan University of Technology and Business Changsha 410205 China. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 1H9 Canada. College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control Hunan University Ministry of Education Changsha Hunan 410082 PR China. Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Center of Excellence in Desalination Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering-Rabigh King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: zgming@***. College of Environmental Science and Engineering Hunan University and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control Hunan University Ministry of Education Changsha Hunan 410082 PR China. Electronic address: zhangchen@***.

Practical application of biochar may result in more biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (denoted as BDOM) inevitably release into surface waters by infiltration and surface runoff. The photochemical reaction of BDOM has gained intense attention, which played a key role in the fate of organic contaminants. However, the relationships between specific characteristics of BDOM and its photoreactivity are still uncertain. In this study, the characteristics of BDOM pyrolyzed from rice husk derived biochar at different temperature (from 400 °C to 700 °C) and their effect on the photodegradation of oxytetracycline (OTC) were carefully investigated. The C NMR and EEM results indicated the dominated component of BDOM was gradually turned from humic acid like substances with low aromaticity to high aromaticity with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups as pyrolytic temperature increases. Experimental results showed that the apparent rate constants (k) of BDOM700 (4.53 × 10 min) for OTC photodegradation was approximately one order of magnitude higher than BDOM400 (4.52 × 10 min), which was closely correlated with their aromaticity (R = 0.944). It was found that BDOM* rather than O played the major role in BDOM mediated photodegradation of OTC (80.13 % vs 14.34 %), and the carbonyl-containing group was identified as the main BDOM* precursor by NaBH reduction experiment. This work highlighted both aromaticity and carbonyl group contents were critical indicators for assessing the potential to generate BDOM* and corresponding photoreactivity.

关键词： Dissolved organic matter Electron transfer Photochemistry Pyrolysis temperature Triplet state

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Ultra-fast detoxification pathways of anti-cancer drug (Gefitinib) via high-entropy engineering driving catalysis

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Water Research 2025年 284卷

作者： Yuhe Bai Qiangqiang Tao Li Wang Shuai Lu Aixin Zhang Kang Li Xuan Li Kuang He Ning Hu College of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 Hubei China Center of Green Control and Remediation Technologies of Environmental Pollution Wuhan 430081 Hubei China Key Laboratory of Ultra-fast Catalytic Reaction of Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center for Organic Wastewater Treatment Wuhan 430081 Hubei China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong Province 510655 China

Gefitinib (GEF), a commonly detected anticancer drug in medical wastewater, also serves as a persistent organic pollutant in aquatic ecosystems. The complex chemical structure of GEF renders it resistant to microbial and enzymatic degradation. A high-entropy oxide catalyst (FeCoNiMnCu)Ox/13X (FCNMC/13X) was synthesized to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) for GEF degradation. At 120 °C, FCNMC/13X achieved a 99.48 % GEF degradation rate within 120 s. At ambient temperature (35 °C), it reached 94 % degradation within 30 min. The catalytic degradation activity is primarily driven by ROS, with ·OH as the dominant species. The degradation pathway of GEF and the biotoxicity of its intermediate products were proposed. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed the presence of free electrons in the high-entropy catalyst, demonstrating exceptional electron transfer properties that enhance adsorption and dissociation on the catalyst surface. The catalyst exhibits high efficiency in environmental remediation at elevated temperatures and effective drug detoxification at ambient temperature, underscoring its broad applicability in both environmental and biomedical applications.

关键词： Anti-cancer drugs Density functional theory (DFT) Detoxification High entropy Ultra-fast catalytic

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The grey water footprint of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, China: Spatial patterns, driving mechanism and implications

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Journal of environmental management 2025年 389卷 126063页

作者： Binfen Liu Yanhu He Qian Tan Yang Zhang Key Laboratory of Water Security Guarantee in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Marco Greater Bay Area of Ministry of Water Resources Guangzhou 510610 P.R. China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 P.R. China. Electronic address: heyanhu456@***. The Key Laboratory of Water and Air Pollution Control of Guangdong Province South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China Guangzhou 510530 P.R. China.

The grey water footprint (GWF) quantifies the environmental impact of socio-economic activities on water resources. Facing the dual challenges of rapid economic growth and significant water pollution, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) urgently requires precise assessments of its water pollution situation. This study provides a systematic analysis of the spatial and temporal distributions of the GWF in the GBA from 2008 to 2021, and utilizes the Random Forest model to investigate its driving mechanisms. SHapley Additive exPlanations method was applied to examine the dynamic contributions of driving factors to GWF, while partial dependence plot analysis quantified the relationships between these factors and GWF at various thresholds. By identifying the impact of each factor at different levels, this combined approach provides valuable insights for developing targeted policy recommendations to reduce GWF across cities in the GBA. The results showed that GWF peaked at 103.15 billion m in 2011, then declined due to improved water management efficiencies. Spatial analysis revealed higher industrial GWF in central and eastern regions, in stark contrast to the predominantly agricultural GWF in the west. GDP and population were significant determinants, explaining 18.78 % and 17.72 % of GWF variability, respectively. As GDP grew from 371 to 730 billion, GWF surged by 2.21 billion m; similarly, a population increase from 7.84 to 8.94 million resulted in a GWF rise of 1.8 billion m. Contributions of P and Ind 3 to the GWF fluctuated significantly, while other factors remained stable. Recommendations advocate for the widespread adoption of advanced aquaculture technologies and reduction of domestic wastewater to mitigate GWF effectively. These insights establish a scientific basis for robust water resource management and sustainable practices within the GBA, offering essential guidance for relevant government agencies.

关键词： Aquaculture Domestic sources Random forest model Resident population Thresholds

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