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Guest Editorial: Vehicular communications and networks - Part I

IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2011年第1期29卷 1-6页

作者： Wang, Cheng-Xiang Vasilakos, Athanasios V. Murch, Ross D. Stüber, Gordon Shen, Xuemin Sherman Chen, Wai Kosch, Timo Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom Dept. of Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Western Macedonia Kozani 50100 Greece Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332-0250 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Applied Research Telcordia Technologies Inc. Piscataway NJ 07054 United States BMW Group Research and Technology Hanauer Strasse 46 D-80992 Munich Germany

Part I of this special issue is devoted to the physical layer, MAC layer, and physical-link cross-layer design technologies of vehicular communications and networks. There are 21 papers in this issue.

关键词： Communication research iodine VEHICULAR COMMUNICATIONS

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2-User multiple access spatial modulation

2-User multiple access spatial modulation

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IEEE Globecom Workshops

作者： Nikola Serafimovski Sinan Sinanović Abdelhamid Younis Marco Di Renzo Harald Haas Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing School of Engineering University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Laboratory of Signals and Systems (L2S) French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) Ecole Supérieure dElectricité (SUPELEC) University of Paris Sud-XI Paris France

Spatial modulation (SM) is a recently proposed approach to multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems which entirely avoids inter-channel interference (ICI) and requires no synchronisation between the transmit antennas, while achieving a spatial multiplexing gain. SM allows the system designer to freely trade off the number of transmit antennas with the signal constellation. Additionally, the number of transmit antennas is independent from the number of receive antennas which is an advantage over other multiplexing MIMO schemes. Most contributions thus far, however, have only addressed SM aspects for a point-to-point communication systems, i.e. the single-user scenario. In this work we seek to characterise the behaviour of SM in the interference limited scenario. The proposed maximum-likelihood (ML) detector can successfully decode incoming data from multiple sources in an interference limited scenario and does not suffer from the near-far problem.

关键词： signal to noise ratio Transmitting antennas Detectors Receiving antennas Bit error rate Modulation Interference

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First-moment multi-object forward-backward smoothing

First-moment multi-object forward-backward smoothing

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作者： Clark, Daniel E. Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443811

The optimal solution to the problem of detecting, tracking and identifying multiple targets can be found through a direct generalisation of the Bayes filter to multi-object systems using Mahler's Finite Set Statistics. Due to the inherent complexity of the multi-object Bayes filter, Mahler proposed to propagate the first-order multi-object moment density, known as the Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD), instead of the multi-object posterior. This was derived using the concept of the probability generating functional (***.) from point process theory. In this paper, I derive multi-object first-moment smoothers for forward-backward smoothing through a new formulation of the ***. smoother which takes advantage of the ***. Bayes update. This formulation permits the straightforward derivation of first-moment multi-object smoothers, including the PHD smoother.

关键词： Probability

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Extended object filtering using spatial independent cluster processes

Extended object filtering using spatial independent cluster ...

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作者： Swain, Anthony Clark, Daniel Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443811

Recent research into multi-object filtering for non-standard targets introduced alternative approaches for target group representation. In these approaches a measurement model (likelihood) was suggested that led to a representation of the measurements as a spatial point process, namely a Poisson point process. In this paper we take a more traditional approach to extended target tracking. We assume a 'standard' measurement model (at most one measurement generated from a target point), but represent the target group (extended targets) as a spatial cluster process, in particular an independent cluster process with a fixed distribution on the component (daughter) process. With this assumption we are able to derive approximate measurement-update equations for the first order moment density of the extended object Bayes filter in a number of scenarios. Such approximations are Bayes optimal and provide estimates for the number of clusters (extended targets) and their locations.

关键词： Target tracking

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The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for 3-D state estimation from rectified stereo cameras

The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for 3-D state estimation from rec...

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作者： Clark, Daniel E. Ivekovič, Špela Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom Royal Society of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443811

It is well known that any 3-D state estimate computed from stereo camera measurements is corrupted by heteroscedastic noise due to the nature of the perspective projection. It is also well understood that the image measurements used to estimate the 3-D state are inherently noisy. Despite the wealth of research in this area, the accurate statistical characterisation of the uncertainty for any 3-D state estimation from stereo algorithm is less well understood. This paper presents the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for 3-dimensional state estimation from a rectified stereo pair of cameras. The paper also presents a method for efficient stereo estimation via Bayesian triangulation that achieves the CRLB. These results provide a basis for 3-D statistical estimation for camera-based sensor measurements.

关键词： State estimation

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First-moment multi-object forward-backward smoothing

First-moment multi-object forward-backward smoothing

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Daniel E. Clark Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK

关键词： Markov processes Smoothing methods Equations joints Probability Target tracking Time measurement

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An overview of indoor OFDM/DMT optical wireless communication systems

An overview of indoor OFDM/DMT optical wireless communicatio...

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2010 7th International Symposium on Communication Systems, Networks and Digital signal processing, CSNDSP 2010

作者： Meslehz, Raed Elgalaz, Hany Haas, Harald Jacobs University Bremen Campus Ring 1 Research I 28759 Bremen Germany Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781861353696

This paper is an overview of indoor OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing)/DMT (discrete multitone) optical wireless (OW) communication systems. Indoor OW OFDM/DMT systems can be classified into two groups. One group produces half-wave symmetry time signal at the output of the OFDM modulator by special assignment of subcarriers. Thus, allowing signal clipping at the zero level and avoiding the need of DC bias at the expense of data rate reduction. ACOOFDM (asymmetrically clipped OFDM system) and PAM (pulse amplitude modulation)-DMT are two techniques from the first group. The second group assigns data to all possible subcarriers to increase the data rate. However, half-wave symmetry signals cannot be achieved and DC bias is needed to convert the bipolar signal to a unipolar signal before modulating the LED (light emitting diode) intensity. DC-biased OFDM and a novel technique, proposed in this paper, called orthogonal PAM-DMT (OPAM-DMT) that is an extension of the proposed PAM-DMT by using discrete sine transform and discrete cosine transform to transmit two orthogonal signals at the same time, are two techniques from the second group. This paper considerers a practical LED model and studies the performance of all these systems in terms of average electrical OFDM signal power versus bit-error-ratio (BER) in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise channel (AWGN). It is shown that LED clipping has significant impact on the performance of all these systems and the performance of these systems substantially depends on the considered modulation order. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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On the Clipping Noise in an ACO-OFDM Optical Wireless Communication System

On the Clipping Noise in an ACO-OFDM Optical Wireless Commun...

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2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010

作者： Svilen Dimitrov Harald Haas Institute of Digital Communications Joint Research Institute of Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

In this paper, the clipping noise in an asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM) wireless communication system is derived semi-analytically. Clipping noise in ACO-OFDM is introduced either because of insufficient forward biasing of the emitter, or a low power sensitivity of the detector. Following the Bussgang theorem, the non-linear distortion caused by the clipping of the time domain signal attenuates the frequency domain subcarriers at the receiver and adds zero-mean Gaussian noise. The attenuation factor and the clipping noise variance are determined and verified through simulation. Finally, bit-error ratio (BER) and goodput simulations compare the performance of ACO-OFDM with a direct-current-biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM) system for different clipping levels and multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) schemes.

关键词： OFDM Optical distortion Optical attenuators Noise Wireless communication Optical receivers Nonlinear optics

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PATH TRACING IN TOR NETWORKS

PATH TRACING IN TOR NETWORKS

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European signal processing Conference

作者： Nick Johnson Steve McLaughlin John Thompson Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal & Image Processing School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh

Internet based communications methods use channels which cross many nodes in their routes between source and destination. The user often has little or no control in the routing process and may be concerned that the medium is insecure. To combat this, privacy preserving networks have been developed in an attempt to allow secure, private internet-based communication. Whilst these networks employ high levels of encryption between nodes, it is possible to track a users data by correlating input and output streams. This paper addresses the implementation of the algorithm first proposed by Danezis for determining the exit node of data injected into a privacy preserving network, such as Tor. The algorithm is discussed along with some modifications and assumptions necessary for implementation. Results gained from applying the algorithm to data from a real Tor network are presented and discussed.

关键词： Delays Privacy Routing Internet Correlation Indexes Computer science

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A Novel 3D Regular-Shaped Geometry-Based Stochastic Model for Non-Isotropic MIMO Mobile-to-Mobile Channels

A Novel 3D Regular-Shaped Geometry-Based Stochastic Model fo...

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IEEE Conference on Vehicular Technology (VTC)

作者： Xiang Cheng Cheng-Xiang Wang Yi Yuan David I. Laurenson Xiaohu Ge Joint Research Institute of Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh UK Joint Research Institute of Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Department of Electronics and Information Engineering University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

This paper proposes a novel three-dimensional (3D) regular-shaped geometry-based stochastic model (RS-GBSM) for non-isotropic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile (M2M) Ricean fading channels. The proposed model, combining a two-sphere model and an elliptic-cylinder model, is the first 3D RS-GBSM that has the ability to investigate the impact of the vehicular traffic density (VTD) on channel statistics and jointly consider the azimuth angle and elevation angle. From the proposed model, the space-time (ST) correlation function (CF) and the corresponding space-Doppler (SD) power spectral density (PSD) are derived. Finally, some numerical results and interesting observations are given.

关键词： Three dimensional displays Solid modeling MIMO Azimuth Fading Adaptation model Channel models

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