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检索条件"机构=IDCOM and the Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing"

共 239 条记录，以下是11-20 订阅

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Detecting low-resolution faces in video

Detecting low-resolution faces in video

引用

Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision XXVI: Algorithms and Techniques

作者： Robertson, Neil Janssen, Nils Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

This paper presents a method for the detection of faces (via skin regions) in images where faces may be low-resolution and no assumptions are made about fine facial features being visible. This type of data is challenging because changes in appearance of skin regions occur due to changes in both lighting and resolution. We present a non-parametric classification scheme based on a histogram similarity measure. By comparing performance of commonly-used colour-spaces we find that the YIQ colour space with 16 histogram bins (in both 1 and 2 dimensions) gives the most accurate performance over a wide range of imaging conditions for non-parametric skin classification. We demonstrate better performance of the non-parametric approach vs. colour thresholding and a Gaussian classifier. Face detection is subsequently achieved via a simple aspect-ratio and we show results from indoor and outdoor scenes. © 2009 SPIE-IS&T.

关键词： Face recognition

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Gradient pursuit for non-linear sparse signal modelling

Gradient pursuit for non-linear sparse signal modelling

引用

16th European signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2008

作者： Blumensath, Thomas Davies, Mike E. IDCOM and Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh King's Buildings Mayfield Road Edinburgh EH9 3JL United Kingdom

In this paper the linear sparse signal model is extended to allow more general, non-linear relationships and more general measures of approximation error. A greedy gradient based strategy is presented to estimate the sparse coefficients. This algorithm can be understood as a generalisation of the recently introduced Gradient Pursuit framework. Using the presented approach with the traditional linear model but with a different cost function is shown to outperform OMP in terms of recovery of the original sparse coefficients. A second set of experiments then shows that for the nonlinear model studied and for highly sparse signals, recovery is still possible in at least a percentage of cases. copyright by EURASIP.

关键词： Cost functions

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Extended object filtering using spatial independent cluster processes

Extended object filtering using spatial independent cluster ...

引用

作者： Swain, Anthony Clark, Daniel Joint Research Institute in Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9780982443811

Recent research into multi-object filtering for non-standard targets introduced alternative approaches for target group representation. In these approaches a measurement model (likelihood) was suggested that led to a representation of the measurements as a spatial point process, namely a Poisson point process. In this paper we take a more traditional approach to extended target tracking. We assume a 'standard' measurement model (at most one measurement generated from a target point), but represent the target group (extended targets) as a spatial cluster process, in particular an independent cluster process with a fixed distribution on the component (daughter) process. With this assumption we are able to derive approximate measurement-update equations for the first order moment density of the extended object Bayes filter in a number of scenarios. Such approximations are Bayes optimal and provide estimates for the number of clusters (extended targets) and their locations.

关键词： Target tracking

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Robustmlestimation for unknownnumbers of signals

Robustmlestimation for unknownnumbers of signals

引用

15th European signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2007

作者： Chung, Pei-Jung Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing School of Engineering and Electronics United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9788392134022

The number of signals plays an important role in array processing. The performance of direction finding algorithms relies strongly on a correctly specified number of signals. When the number of signals is unknown, conventional approaches apply the information theoretic criterion or multiple tests to estimate the number of signals and parameters of interest simultaneously. These methods usually require a series of maximizations over parameter spaces of different dimensions and result in high computational cost. In this work, we develop a novel approach for finding ML estimates without knowing the number of signals. Given an upper bound on the number of signals, the proposed method carries out one maximization and selects relevant components from the estimated parameter vector. Simulation results show that the proposed method provides comparable estimation accuracy as the standard ML method does. © 2007 EURASIP.

关键词： Array processing

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A simple, efficient and near optimal algorithm for compressed sensing

A simple, efficient and near optimal algorithm for compresse...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： T. Blumensath M. E. Davies IDCOM & Joint Research Institute of Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

When sampling signals below the Nyquist rate, efficient and accurate reconstruction is nevertheless possible, whenever the sampling system is well behaved and the signal is well approximated by a sparse vector. This statement has been formalised in the recently developed theory of compressed sensing, which developed conditions on the sampling system and proved the performance of several efficient algorithms for signal reconstruction under these conditions. In this paper, we prove that a very simple and efficient algorithm, known as Iterative Hard Thresholding, has near optimal performance guarantees rivalling those derived for other state of the art approaches.

关键词： Compressed sensing Iterative algorithms signal processing Hilbert space image sampling signal sampling image processing image reconstruction Sampling methods signal reconstruction

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Gradient pursuit for non-linear sparse signal modelling

Gradient pursuit for non-linear sparse signal modelling

引用

European signal processing Conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： Thomas Blumensath Mike E. Davies IDCOM & Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

ISBN: (纸本)9782839904506

In this paper the linear sparse signal model is extended to allow more general, non-linear relationships and more general measures of approximation error. A greedy gradient based strategy is presented to estimate the sparse coefficients. This algorithm can be understood as a generalisation of the recently introduced Gradient Pursuit framework. Using the presented approach with the traditional linear model but with a different cost function is shown to outperform OMP in terms of recovery of the original sparse coefficients. A second set of experiments then shows that for the non-linear model studied and for highly sparse signals, recovery is still possible in at least a percentage of cases.

关键词： Matching pursuit algorithms Cost function signal processing algorithms Approximation methods Estimation Measurement uncertainty Vectors

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Probability of error for BPSK modulation in distributed beamforming with phase errors

Probability of error for BPSK modulation in distributed beam...

引用

International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas, WSA 2009

作者： Song, Shuo Thompson, John S. Chung, Pei-Jung Grant, Peter M. Institute for Digital Communications Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing School of Engineering and Electronics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom

This paper presents an investigation into the error probability performance for binary phase-shift keying modulation in distributed beamforming with phase errors. The effects of the number of nodes on the beamforming performance are examined as well as the influences of the cumulative phase errors and the total transmit power. Simulation results show a good match with the mathematical analysis of error probability in both static and time-varying channels.

关键词： Beamforming

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Iterative Hard Thresholding and L0 Regularisation

Iterative Hard Thresholding and L0 Regularisation

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： T. Blumensath M. Yaghoobi M. E. Davies IDCOM & Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing Edinburgh University Edinburgh UK

Sparse signal approximations are approximations that use only a small number of elementary waveforms to describe a signal. In this paper we proof the convergence of an iterative hard thresholding algorithm and show, that the fixed points of that algorithm are local minima of the sparse approximation cost function, which measures both, the reconstruction error and the number of elements in the representation. Simulation results suggest that the algorithm is comparable in performance to a commonly used alternative method.

关键词： signal processing algorithms Iterative algorithms Equations Cost function signal processing Convergence Approximation algorithms Matching pursuit algorithms Noise reduction Pursuit algorithms

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Transmission energy consumption in MIMO systems under inter-cell interference

Transmission energy consumption in MIMO systems under inter-...

引用

Wireless Advanced

作者： Ku, Ivan Wang, Cheng-Xiang Thompson, John Grant, Peter Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing Heriot-Watt University Edinburgh EH14 4AS United Kingdom Joint Research Institute for Signal and Image Processing University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH9 3JL United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781457701092

We investigate the base station (BS) downlink transmission energy for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system operating under an inter-cell interference environment with the receiver equipped with interference cancellation (IC) capability. It is demonstrated that, besides the number of antennas, receiver IC techniques can have an influence on the required BS transmission energy of a MIMO communication system. Specifically, the choice of receiver IC technique impacts the transmission energy more when the number of receive antennas is small. On the other hand, the transmission energy converges to a minimum value regardless of the type of receiver IC technique used when the number of receive antennas is large enough. We also show that inter-cell interference contributed by adjacent BSs have a detrimental effect on the performance of traditional IC techniques, causing the desired BS to use higher transmission energy to maintain the signal quality. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Human body posture via hierarchical evolutionary optimization

Human body posture via hierarchical evolutionary optimizatio...

引用

2006 17th British Machine Vision Conference, BMVC 2006

作者： Robertson, C. Trucco, E. Joint Research Institute on Image and Signal Processing School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot Watt University Edinburgh United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)1904410146

This paper presents an evolutionary approach to estimating upper-body posture from multi-view markerless sequences. We fit a 24-dof skeleton model to sparse 3-D stereo data from an array of cameras. We use a particle swarm optimization algorithm which is intrinsically parallel, can incorporate constraints and does not require motion models. We subdivide the high-dimensional search space based on limb dynamics from application sequences and perform hierarchical fitting from the least to the most uncertain body parts. We show experimentally the advantages of this scheme against non-hierarchical optimization in terms of sharper error decrease. We report results with 3-D scanner data of a model human and noisy, calibrated stereo disparity maps of a real videoconferencing scene.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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