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作者： Rocha, Tânia Gonçalves, Cirano Fernandes, Hugo Reis, Arsénio Barroso, João Vila Real Portugal INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal

AppVox is a mobile application that provides support for children with speech and language impairments in their speech therapy sessions, while also allowing autonomous training at home. The application simulates a vocalizer with an audio stimulus feature, which can be used to train and amend the pronunciation of specific words through repetition. In this paper, we aim to present the development of the application as an assistive technology option, by adding new features to the vocalizer as well as assessing it as a usable option for daily training interaction for children with speech and language impairments. In this regard, we invited 15 children with speech and language impairments and 20 with no impairments to perform training activities with the application. Likewise, we asked three speech therapists and three usability experts to interact, assess, and give their feedback. In this assessment, we include the following parameters: successful conclusion of the training tasks (effectiveness);number of errors made, as well as number and type of difficulties found (efficiency);and the acceptance and level of comfort in completing the requested tasks (satisfaction). Overall, the results showed that children conclude the training tasks successfully and helped to improve their language and speech capabilities. Therapists and children gave positive feedback to the AppVox interface. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

关键词： Speech

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Federated Machine Learning In 5G Smart Healthcare: A Security Perspective Review

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Procedia computer science 2023年 224卷 580-586页

作者： Hira Akhtar Butt Abdul Ahad Muhammad Wasim Ibraheem Shayea Paulo Jorge Coelho Ivan Miguel Pires Nuno M. Garcia Department of Computer Science University of Management and Technology Sialkot 51040 Pakistan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Istanbul Technical University (ITU) 34467 Turkey School of Technology and Management Polytechnic of Leiria Leiria Portugal Institute for Systems Engineering and Computers at Coimbra (INESC Coimbra) Coimbra Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Universidade da Beira Interior Covilhã Portugal Polytechnic of Santarém Santarém Portugal Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal

Federated learning (also known as collaborative learning) is a decentralized approach to training machine learning models. In 5G smart healthcare, federated machine learning (FML) can potentially improve patient care by offering improved diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy models. Nevertheless, a significant worry regarding FML is its lack of security. Within the context of 5G smart healthcare, this review paper looks at FML from a security point of view, discussing the benefits and risks of using FML in 5G smart healthcare and the possible solutions to these risks. The issues of privacy, adversarial attacks, communication security, and malevolent clients are brought up in the discussion on security challenges. Differential privacy, secure aggregation and training, adversarial training, secure communication, client authentication, and model pruning are some of the solutions that have been suggested. We will be able to protect the privacy of patient data in FML if we take the necessary steps to address these security problems.

关键词： Federated machine learning Healthcare 5G Security

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Controller for Real and Simulated Wheelchair With a Multimodal Interface Using Gazebo and ROS

Controller for Real and Simulated Wheelchair With a Multimod...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Ana Beatriz Cruz Armando Sousa Luìs Paulo Reis LIACC Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Lab Oporto Portugal INESC TEC Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science

ISBN: (数字)9781728170787

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170794

The evolution of intelligent wheelchairs with new systems to control them and help the user to be more independent has been remarkable in recent years. Since these systems have a significant impact on the quality of life of people with disabilities, it is crucial that it is suited for the final user and does not put his life at risk. Initially, this study proposes a 3D motorised wheelchair model with robotic tools to be used in simulation environments and helps the development and validation of new approaches. This model uses Robotic Operating System (ROS) tools to help the addition of sensors and actuators. With the ROS- Nodes, it is easy to add new features and controllers. The Gazebo framework was used to create the simulation environments. After that, following previous work, it is proposed a wheelchair controller that receives commands from a multimodal interface and can control a real and simulated wheelchair at the same time. This work studies new wheelchair models and their respective controllers in a simulated environment and gradually test in real- world to obtain the final model with low costs and minimise engineering costs.

关键词： Wheelchairs Wheels Solid modeling Visualization Mobile robots Robot sensing systems

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Multi-Agent Optimization for Offshore Wind Farm Inspection using an Improved Population-based Metaheuristic

Multi-Agent Optimization for Offshore Wind Farm Inspection u...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Renato Jorge Silva Pedro Nuno Leite Andry Maykol Pinto Center of Robotics and Autonomous Systems (CRAS) Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science (INESC TEC) Porto Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781728170787

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170794

The use of robotic solutions in tasks such as the inspection and monitorization of offshore wind farms aims to, not only mitigate the involved risks, but also to reduce the costs of operating and maintaining these structures. Performing a complete inspection of the platforms in useful time is crucial. Therefore, multiple agents can prove to be a cost-effective solution. This work proposes a trajectory planning algorithm, based on the Ant Colony metaheuristic, capable of optimizing the number of Autonomous Surface Vehicles (ASVs) to be used, and their corresponding route. Experiments conducted on a simulated environment, representative of the real scenario, proves this approach to be successful in planning a trajectory that is able to select the appropriate number of agents and the trajectory of each agent that avoids collisions and at the same time guarantees the full observation of the offshore structures.

关键词： Trajectory Planning Task analysis Inspection Robots Mathematical model Meters

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A Survey on Cell Nuclei Instance Segmentation and Classification: Leveraging Context and Attention

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Nunes, João D. Montezuma, Diana Oliveira, Domingos Pereira, Tania Cardoso, Jaime S. INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science R. Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal University of Porto Faculty of Engineering R. Dr. Roberto Frias Porto4200-465 Portugal IMP Diagnostics Praça do Bom Sucesso Porto4150-146 Portugal R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida Porto4200-072 Portugal Doctoral Programme in Medical Sciences School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Porto ICBAS-UP Porto Portugal FCTUC - Faculty of Science and Technology University of Coimbra Coimbra3004-516 Portugal

Nuclear-derived morphological features and biomarkers provide relevant insights regarding the tumour microenvironment, while also allowing diagnosis and prognosis in specific cancer types. However, manually annotating nuclei from the gigapixel Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E)-stained Whole Slide Images (WSIs) is a laborious and costly task, meaning automated algorithms for cell nuclei instance segmentation and classification could alleviate the workload of pathologists and clinical researchers and at the same time facilitate the automatic extraction of clinically interpretable features for artificial intelligence (AI) tools. But due to high intra- and inter-class variability of nuclei morphological and chromatic features, as well as H&E-stains susceptibility to artefacts, state-of-the-art algorithms cannot correctly detect and classify instances with the necessary performance. In this work, we hypothesise context and attention inductive biases in artificial neural networks (ANNs) could increase the performance and generalization of algorithms for cell nuclei instance segmentation and classification. To understand the advantages, use-cases, and limitations of context and attention-based mechanisms in instance segmentation and classification, we start by review works in computer vision and medical imaging. We then conduct a thorough survey on context and attention methods for cell nuclei instance segmentation and classification from H&E-stained microscopy imaging, while providing a comprehensive discussion of the challenges being tackled with context and attention. Besides, we illustrate some limitations of current approaches and present ideas for future research. As a case study, we extend both a general instance segmentation and classification method (Mask-RCNN) and a tailored cell nuclei instance segmentation and classification model (HoVer-Net) with context- and attention-based mechanisms, and do a comparative analysis on a multi-centre colon nuclei identification and

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Detection and Mapping of Monopiles in Offshore Wind Farms using Autonomous Surface Vehicles

Detection and Mapping of Monopiles in Offshore Wind Farms us...

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OCEANS

作者： Rafael Claro Renato Silva Andry Pinto INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science FEUP - Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9781728154466

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184098

This paper presents an algorithm for mapping monopiles from Offshore Wind Farms (OWF). The ASV (Au-tonomous Surface Vehicle) surveys the environment, detects and localizes monopiles using situational awareness system based on LiDAR, GPS and IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) data. The position of the monopile is obtained based on the relative localization between the extrapolated center of the structure that was detected and the ASV. A positive detection of a monopile is referenced to a global positioning frame based on the GPS. Results in a simulator environment demonstrate the ability of this situational awareness system to identify monopiles with a precision of 0.005 m, which is relevant for detecting structural disalignments over time that might be caused by the appearance of scour in the structure's foundation.

关键词： Location awareness Extrapolation Measurement units Laser radar Wind farms Monitoring Global Positioning System

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The potential of thermal imaging to assist winemakers in the detection of downy mildew in Vitis vinifera cv Loureiro

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Procedia computer science 2025年 256卷 78-85页

作者： Fernando Portela Cláudio A. Paredes Joaquim J. Sousa Luís Pádua Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD) 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal PROMETHEUS Research Unit in Materials Energy and Environment for Sustainability Escola Superior Agrária Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC) 4900-347 Viana do Castelo Portugal Agronomy Department School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal CISAS—Center for Research in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability IPVC 4900-347 Viana do Castelo Portugal Engineering Department School of Science and Technology UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems (CRIIS) INESC Technology and Science (INESC-TEC) 4200-465 Porto Portugal Institute for Innovation Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal

Vineyards represent one of the main crop systems of greatest importance in the world economy, both in terms of the value chain of wine production and in its current expression of generating tradable goods. One of the challenges of grape production is grapevine health, which annually forces the winegrowers to incur fixed costs associated with the prevention and/or treatment of pests and diseases, causing an impact on the environment due to the application of phytosanitary products. Among the various diseases affecting grapevines, downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ) stands out, which causes negative impacts throughout the phenological cycle, particularly on leaves by affecting the absorption of photosynthetic pigments and consequent chlorophyll production, ultimately influencing grape yield and quality. Traditional methods for detecting vineyard diseases are often insufficient in crop protection, favoring new forms of a more agile decision support with timely responses. Proximal sensing trough optical sensors can assist in early disease detection. In this context, thermal infrared sensors stand out for their ability to capture changes in thermal response of leaves due to changes in grapevine metabolism and photosynthetic production. This study aims to explore the use of thermal infrared imagery to assess the detection of downy mildew by evaluating temperature variations in the surface of grapevine leaves when compared with non-infected leaves in a vineyard plot of the cv. Loureiro. The effects of temporal and spatial variability on the temperature of mildew-infected vine leaves are reported. A temperature variation of 2.71 °C was found within the same leaf when comparing to infected and non-infect areas. As the infection progresses over time, thermal variation tends to increase.

关键词： proximity sensors thermography disease detection precision viticulture agricultural mechanization automation

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Improved Performance of a 1-Bit RIS by Using Two Switches per Bit Implementation

Improved Performance of a 1-Bit RIS by Using Two Switches pe...

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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Fábio Cardoso Sérgio Matos Luís Pessoa Antonio Clemente Jorge Costa Carlos Fernandes João Felício Department of Information Science and Technology University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) Lisbon Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT) Lisbon Portugal INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Portugal CEA-Leti Minatec Campus 38054 Grenoble France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal Centro de Investigação Naval (CINAV) Escola Naval 1400-203 Almada Portugal

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) are an enabling technology widely investigated towards 6G. The viability of large active metasurfaces is constrained by the RF performance, cost, and power consumption. The number of switches per unit cell is a key design parameter that designers aim to minimize following cost and power consumption drivers. However, an efficient use of the aperture is ultimately required and although a one-to-one correspondence between number of switches and phase-quantization bits seems intuitive, one may question its impact. Here we present a full-wave evaluation of a 30 × 30 1-bit reflective RIS, implemented considering two pin diodes per unit cell. The RIS allows scanning up to 60 degrees from 28 to 29 GHz with a maximum aperture efficiency of 22%. This superior performance provides tantalizing evidence that the multiple switches per bit approach should not be discarded a priori due to its apparent higher complexity.

关键词：

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A framework for designing technology-based interactive services for active mobility

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Transportation Research Procedia 2023年 72卷 4215-4222页

作者： José Fábio Luna da Silva Marta Campos Ferreira Diogo Abrantes Joana Hora Soraia Felício Jorge Silva Teresa Galvão Miguel Coimbra Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre s/n Porto 4169-007 Portugal Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n Porto 4200-465 Portugal INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science R. Dr. Roberto Frias s/n Porto 4200-465 Portugal Bosch Security Systems R. Pardala Zona Ind. de Ovar Estrada Nacional 109 Aptd. 653 Aveiro Portugal

This article presents a framework to assist in the design of technology-based interactive services for active mobility, which allows the data collected from the sensors to be made available to citizens. The proposed framework was developed based on data collected in focus group sessions held with potential stakeholders and on related models and frameworks. It consists of 8 steps, namely: strategy, scope, structure, skeleton, aesthetics and execution. It will enable the presentation of relevant information that will help users of active modes of transport in decision making in choosing a safe and comfortable route, assist professionals involved in the elaboration of interactive projects and promote more collaborative urban planning.

关键词： Framework active mobility interactive design technology-based services safe cities

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Electricity Cost of Green Hydrogen Generation in the Iberian Electricity Market

Electricity Cost of Green Hydrogen Generation in the Iberian...

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Power tech Conference

作者： André Rodrigues de Oliveira José Villar Collado João Tomé Saraiva Salvador Doménech Fco. Alberto Campos INESC TEC – Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto Porto Portugal Institute for Research in Technology Technical School of Engineering Comillas Pontifical University c/ Santa Cruz de Marcenado Madrid Spain

The green hydrogen (H2) technology has an important role to play in the European Union energy strategy towards decarbonization. Apart from traditional H2 industrial usages, there is an increasing attention to its use in the heavy transport sector, in other energy-intensive industries, and in heating applications. Green H2 production is planned to be based on renewable electricity generation and its production at an industrial scale may have a significant impact on the electricity markets. This research assesses the electricity cost of producing H2 and its impact on the Iberian electricity market. Different evolution scenarios including a partially flexible H2 demand, based on the Spanish and Portuguese energy and climate plans, have been considered for this assessment.

关键词： Sensitivity Green products Hydrogen Europe Transportation Production Low-carbon economy

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