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European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP

作者： Fabio Cardoso Sérgio Matos Luís M. Pessoa George C. Alexandropoulos Department of Information Science and Technology University Institute of Lisbon Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Portugal INESC TEC Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Portugal Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL USA

ISBN: (数字)9788831299107

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366327

The technology of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) is lately being considered as a boosting component for various indoor wireless applications, enabling wave propagation control and coverage extension. However, the incorporation of extremely large RISs, as recently being considered for ultrahigh capacity industrial environments at subTHz frequencies, imposes certain challenges for indoor channel characterization. In particular, such RISs contribute additional multipath components and their large sizes with respect to the signal wavelength lead to near-field propagation. To this end, ray tracing approaches become quite cumbersome and need to be rerun for different RIS unit cell designs. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the incorporation of RISs in indoor multipath environments towards their efficient channel characterization. An 100 × 100 RIS design with 2-bit resolution unit cells realizing a fixed anomalous reflection at 300 GHz is presented, whose radar cross section patterns are obtained via full-wave simulations. It is showcased that the RIS behavior can be conveniently approximated by a three-ray model, which can be efficiently incorporated within available ray tracing tools, and that the far-field approximation is valid for even very small distances from the RIS.

关键词： Wireless communication Indoor communication Radar cross-sections Europe Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Ray tracing Boosting Antennas and propagation Terahertz communications

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Decision-Making Framework For AMR Fleet Size In Manufacturing Environments

Decision-Making Framework For AMR Fleet Size In Manufacturin...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Catarina Rema Romão Santos Henrique Piqueiro Diogo Miguel Matos Paulo Moura Oliveirat Pedro Costa Manuel F. Silva Fillipe L. Ribeiro CRIIS - Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal Department of Engineering University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD) Vila Real Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto (FEUP) Porto Portugal ISEP Polytechnic of Porto rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida Porto Portugal JPM Industry Vale de Cambra Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9798331538606

ISBN: (纸本)9798331538613

Industry 4.0 is transforming manufacturing environments, with robotics being a key technology that enhances various capabilities. The flexibility of Autonomous Mobile Robots has led to the rise of multi-robot systems in industrial settings. Considering the high cost of these robots, it is essential to determine the best fit of number and type before making any major investments. Simulation and modeling are valuable decision-support tools, allowing the simulation of different setups to address robot fleet sizing issues. This paper introduces a decision-support framework that combines a fleet manager software stack with the FlexSim simulator, helping decision-makers determine the most suitable mobile robots fleet size tailored to their needs. Unlike previous approaches, the developed solution integrates the same real robot coordination software in both simulation and actual deployment, ensuring that tested scenarios accurately reflect real-world conditions. A case study was conducted to evaluate the framework, involving multiple tasks of loading and unloading materials within a warehouse. Five different scenarios with varying fleet sizes were simulated, and their performances assessed. The analysis concluded that, for the case study under consideration, a fleet of three robots was the most suitable, considering relevant key performance indicators. The results confirmed that the developed solution is an effective alternative for addressing the problem and represents a novel technology with no prior state-of-the-art equivalents.

关键词： Service robots Robot kinematics Decision making Dynamic scheduling Software Batteries Software reliability Resource management Mobile robots Autonomous robots

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Laser Engraving for 3D Surfaces: A Robotized Application Case Study 16th

Laser Engraving for 3D Surfaces: A Robotized Application Ca...

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16th APCA International Conference on Automatic Control and Soft Computing, CONTROLO 2024

作者： Alvarez, Mariano Brancalião, Laiany Carneiro, Jorge Costa, Paulo Coelho, João Paulo Gonçalves, José Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Campus de Santa Apolónia Bragança5300-253 Portugal Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Campus de Santa Apolónia Bragança5300-253 Portugal Faculty of Engineering of the University of Porto Porto4200-465 Portugal University of Léon Campus de Vegazana s/n León24071 Spain GRESTEL – Produtos Cerâmicos S.A. Vagos Portugal INESC TEC - Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031817236

One of the industry’s most common applications of lasers is engraving, which is generally performed on flat surfaces. However, there are many situations where the object to be engraved has an unevenly curved geometry. In those cases, the light power density will be different along the surface for a fixed head, leading to a poor engraving result. This work deals with this problem by designing a robotic application capable of detecting variations on the object surface and automatically creating a trajectory to engrave on it correctly. This was made possible through a robotic manipulator, a time-of-flight distance sensor, and a data processing algorithm over the measured data. Obtained results were acquired using a custom-made test rig and validated by delivering consistent engraving results on irregular surface shapes. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Robotic assembly

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Indoor Channel Characterization with Extremely Large Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces at 300 GHz

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cardoso, Fabio Matos, Sérgio Pessoa, Luís M. Alexandropoulos, George C. Department of Information Science and Technology University Institute of Lisbon Portugal Instituto de Telecomunicações Portugal INESC TEC Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Portugal Department of Informatics and Telecommunications National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Chicago IL United States

The technology of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) is lately being considered as a boosting component for various indoor wireless applications, enabling wave propagation control and coverage extension. However, the incorporation of extremely large RISs, as recently being considered for ultrahigh capacity industrial environments at subTHz frequencies, imposes certain challenges for indoor channel characterization. In particular, such RISs contribute additional multipath components and their large sizes with respect to the signal wavelength lead to near-field propagation. To this end, ray tracing approaches become quite cumbersome and need to be rerun for different RIS unit cell designs. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the incorporation of RISs in indoor multipath environments towards their efficient channel characterization. An 100×100 RIS design with 2-bit resolution unit cells realizing a fixed anomalous reflection at 300 GHz is presented, whose radar cross section patterns are obtained via full-wave simulations. It is showcased that the RIS behavior can be conveniently approximated by a three-ray model, which can be efficiently incorporated within available ray tracing tools, and that the far-field approximation is valid for even very small distances from the RIS. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Radar reflection

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An Energy-Aware RIoT System: Analysis, Modeling and Prediction in the SUPERIOT Framework

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Bocus, Mohammud J. Häkkinen, Juha Fontes, Hélder Drzewiecki, Marcin Qiu, Senhui Eder, Kerstin Piechocki, Robert School of Computer Science University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom Circuits and Systems Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland MpicoSys Embedded Pico Systems Sp. z o. o. Gdynia Poland Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering Gdańsk University of Technology Gdansk Poland INESC TEC Porto Portugal Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Porto Portugal

his paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the energy consumption characteristics of a Silicon (Si)-based Reconfigurable IoT (RIoT) node developed in the initial phase of the SUPERIOT project, focusing on key operating states, including Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication, Narrow-Band Visible Light Communication (NBVLC), sensing, and E-ink display. Extensive measurements were conducted to establish a detailed energy profile, which serves as a benchmark for evaluating the effectiveness of subsequent optimizations and future node iterations. To minimize the energy consumption, multiple optimizations were implemented at both the software and hardware levels, achieving a reduction of over 60% in total energy usage through software modifications alone. Further improvements were realized by optimizing the E-ink display driving waveform and implementing a very low-power mode for non-communication activities. Based on the measured data, three measurement-based energy consumption models were developed to characterize the energy behavior of the node under: (i) normal, unoptimized operation, (ii) low-power, software-optimized operation, and (iii) very low-power, hardware-optimized operation. These models, validated with new measurement data, achieved an accuracy exceeding 97%, confirming their reliability for predicting energy consumption in diverse configurations. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Digital storage

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State-of-the-art AI-based Learning Approaches for Deepfake Generation and Detection, Analyzing Opportunities, Threading through Pros, Cons, and Future Prospects

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Goyal, Harshika Wajid, Mohammad Saif Wajid, Mohd Anas Khanday, Akib Mohi Ud Din Neshat, Mehdi Gandomi, Amir Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India Department of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Tecnológico de Monterrey Monterrey Mexico Institute for the Future of Education TEC de Monterrey Monterrey Mexico Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering United Arab Emirates University Al Ain Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Computer Science Samarkand International University of Technology Samarkand Uzbekistan Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Ultimo SydneyNSW2007 Australia Obuda University Budapest1034 Hungary School of Computer and Mathematical Sciences University of Adelaide Adelaide5005 Australia

The rapid expansion and advancement of deepfake technology, which is specifically designed to create incredibly lifelike facial imagery and video content, has ignited a remarkable level of interest and curiosity across a multitude of fields, including but not limited to the realms of the entertainment industry, forensic analysis, cybersecurity and the innovative creation of digital characters. By harnessing the latest breakthroughs in deep learning methodologies, especially through the implementation of techniques such as Generative Adversarial Networks, Variational Autoencoders, Few-Shot Learning Strategies, and Transformer Neural Networks, the outcomes achieved in the generation of deepfakes have been nothing short of astounding and transformative. Furthermore, the recent advancements in diffusion models have served to invigorate and catalyze ongoing research efforts in this fascinating domain. At the same time, the ongoing evolution of detection technologies is being developed to counteract the potential for misuse associated with deepfakes, effectively addressing critical concerns that range from political manipulation to the dissemination of fake news and the ever-growing issue of cyberbullying. This comprehensive review paper meticulously investigates the most recent developments in both deepfake generation and detection, including around 400 publications, providing an in-depth analysis of the cutting-edge innovations that are shaping this rapidly evolving landscape. Starting with a thorough examination of systematic literature review methodologies, we embark on a journey that delves into the complex technical intricacies inherent in the various techniques used for deepfake generation, comprehensively addressing the challenges faced, potential solutions available, and the nuanced details surrounding manipulation formulations. Besides, task definitions are standardized to ensure clarity, while datasets and metrics are diligently introduced, paving the way for a

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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“Is It Future or Is It Past?”: From Self-contained Microtasks to AI-driven Collaborative Crowdsourcing

“Is It Future or Is It Past?”: From Self-contained Microta...

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Human-computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications (HORA), International Congress on

作者： Daniel Schneider Marcos Antonio De Almeida Ramon Chaves Benjamim Fonseca Hesam Mohseni António Correia Postgraduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil INESC TEC and University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Vila Real Portugal Faculty of Information Technology University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland

ISBN: (数字)9798331510886

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510893

Interest in artificial intelligence (AI)-driven crowd work has increased during the last few years as a line of inquiry that expands upon prior research on microtasking to represent a means of scaling up complex tasks through AI mediation. Despite the increasing attention to the macrotask phenomenon in crowdsourcing, there is a need to understand the processes, elements, and constraints underlying the infrastructural and behavioral aspects in such form of crowd work when involving collaboration. To this end, this paper provides a first attempt to characterize some of the research conducted in this direction to identify important paths for an agenda comprising key drivers, challenges, and prospects for integrating human-centered AI in collaborative crowdsourcing environments.

关键词： Crowdsourcing Human computer interaction Collaboration Artificial intelligence Mediation Robots Optimization

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ML-Assistant for Human Operators to Solve Faults and Classify Events Complexity in Electrical Grids 13

ML-Assistant for Human Operators to Solve Faults and Classif...

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13th Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion, MEDPOWER 2022

作者： Campos, Vasco Andrade, José R. Bessa, Ricardo J. Gouveia, Clara INESC TEC Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781839538445

Nowadays, human operators at grid control centers analyze a large volume of alarm information during outage’s events, and must act fast to restore the service. Currently, after the occurrence of short-circuit faults and its isolation via feeder protection, fault location and isolation is achieved via remotely controlled switching actions defined by operator’s experience. Despite operator’s experience and knowledge, this makes the process sub-optimal and slower. This paper proposes two novel machine learning-based algorithms to assist human operator decisions, aiming to: i) classify the complexity of a fault occurrence (Occurrences Classifier) based on its alarm events;ii) provide fast insights to the operator on how to solve it (Data2Actions). The Occurrences Classifier takes the alarm information of an occurrence and classifies it as a "simple" or "complex" occurrence. The Data2Actions takes a sequence of alarm information from the occurrence and suggests to the operator the more adequate sequence of switching actions to isolate the fault section on the overhead medium voltage line. Both algorithms were tested in real data from a Distribution System Operator between 2017 and 2020, and showed i) an accuracy of 86% for the Data2Actions, and ii) the Occurrences Classifier reached 74% accuracy for "simple" occurrences and 58% for "complex" ones, leading to an overall 65% accuracy. © 2022 IET Conference Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Enhancing Power Distribution Protection: A Comprehensive Analysis of Renewable Energy Integration Challenges and Mitigation Strategies 14

Enhancing Power Distribution Protection: A Comprehensive Ana...

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14th Mediterranean Conference on Power Generation Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion, MEDPOWER 2024

作者： Alves, Everton Reiz, Cleberton Melim, André Gouveia, Clara Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering Technology and Science - INESC TEC Porto Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781837242689

The integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) imposes challenges to the operation of distribution networks. This paper conducts a systematic assessment of the impact of DER on distribution network overcurrent protection, considering the behavior of Inverter Based Resources (IBR) during faults in the coordination of medium voltage (MV) feeders' overcurrent protection. Through a detailed analysis of various scenarios, we propose adaptive protection solutions that enhance the reliability and resilience of distribution networks in the face of growing renewable energy integration. Results highlight the advantages of using adaptive protection over traditional methods and topology changes, and delve into current protection strategies, identifying limitations and proposing mitigation strategies. © The Institution of engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： Power distribution networks

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The potential of thermal imaging to assist winemakers in the detection of downy mildew in Vitis vinifera cv Loureiro

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Procedia computer science 2025年 256卷 78-85页

作者： Fernando Portela Cláudio A. Paredes Joaquim J. Sousa Luís Pádua Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB) University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD) 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal PROMETHEUS Research Unit in Materials Energy and Environment for Sustainability Escola Superior Agrária Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo (IPVC) 4900-347 Viana do Castelo Portugal Agronomy Department School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal CISAS—Center for Research in Agrifood Systems and Sustainability IPVC 4900-347 Viana do Castelo Portugal Engineering Department School of Science and Technology UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems (CRIIS) INESC Technology and Science (INESC-TEC) 4200-465 Porto Portugal Institute for Innovation Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production UTAD 5000-801 Vila Real Portugal

Vineyards represent one of the main crop systems of greatest importance in the world economy, both in terms of the value chain of wine production and in its current expression of generating tradable goods. One of the challenges of grape production is grapevine health, which annually forces the winegrowers to incur fixed costs associated with the prevention and/or treatment of pests and diseases, causing an impact on the environment due to the application of phytosanitary products. Among the various diseases affecting grapevines, downy mildew ( Plasmopara viticola ) stands out, which causes negative impacts throughout the phenological cycle, particularly on leaves by affecting the absorption of photosynthetic pigments and consequent chlorophyll production, ultimately influencing grape yield and quality. Traditional methods for detecting vineyard diseases are often insufficient in crop protection, favoring new forms of a more agile decision support with timely responses. Proximal sensing trough optical sensors can assist in early disease detection. In this context, thermal infrared sensors stand out for their ability to capture changes in thermal response of leaves due to changes in grapevine metabolism and photosynthetic production. This study aims to explore the use of thermal infrared imagery to assess the detection of downy mildew by evaluating temperature variations in the surface of grapevine leaves when compared with non-infected leaves in a vineyard plot of the cv. Loureiro. The effects of temporal and spatial variability on the temperature of mildew-infected vine leaves are reported. A temperature variation of 2.71 °C was found within the same leaf when comparing to infected and non-infect areas. As the infection progresses over time, thermal variation tends to increase.

关键词： proximity sensors thermography disease detection precision viticulture agricultural mechanization automation

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