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15th American-Society-Mechanical-Engineering Summer Bioengineering Conference (SBC2013)

作者： Gaver, Donald P. Job, Anne-Marie Jacob Tulane Univ Bioinnovat PhD Program New Orleans LA 70118 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791855607

Graduate education in the sciences and engineering rarely offers the training and experiences necessary to fully prepare graduates to enter directly into non-academic research and leadership positions. Tulane's NSF IGERT-funded Interdisciplinary phd program in Bioinnovation challenges this paradigm by creating a program in that will cultivate our trainee's abilities to develop clinically relevant biomedical technologies and devices leading to commercial products. This program couples research with extensive training in entrepreneurship and regulation to develop graduates who can lead the creation of innovative and cost-effective solutions to complex biomedical problems.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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What Is the Institutional Financial Impact of an MD-phd program Without Extramural Funding?

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TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE 2010年第1期22卷 56-59页

作者： Byrne, Margaret M. Losso, Izidore S. Koniaris, Leonidas G. Univ Miami Miller Sch Med Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Miami FL 33136 USA Univ Miami Miller Sch Med MD PhD Program Miami FL 33136 USA

Background: Training in the form of MD-phd programs is an important part of the academic mission of medical schools, yet the costs incurred in providing these programs may be considerable. This research explores the financial impacts on a university of supporting an MD-phd program. Summary: We estimate the net financial impact of an MD-phd program under a variety of assumptions about the financial gain that the school obtains through MD-phd students' contributions to externally funded research. Under certain assumptions, the net financial impact of the MD-phd program is positive, and under the most unfavorable assumptions the cost per student year is less than $30,000. Conclusions: The apparent costs of an MD-phd program are ameliorated or even turned into gains when one considers the resources generated by MD-phd students. Thus, such programs can serve as a means of increasing external awards and improving the overall quality in graduate schools.

关键词： MEDICAL students HEALTH occupations students INTERNS (Medicine) PRACTICUMS EXPERIENTIAL learning PRACTICUM supervision OCCUPATIONAL training HEALTH occupations practicums INTERNSHIP programs TRAINING of

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Oral Sciences phd program Enrollment, Graduates, and Placement: 1994 to 2016

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JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH 2018年第5期97卷 483-491页

作者： Herzog, C. R. Berzins, D. W. DenBesten, P. Gregory, R. L. Hargreaves, K. M. Messer, R. L. W. Mina, M. Mooney, M. P. Paine, M. L. Phillips, C. Presland, R. B. Quivey, R. G. Scannapieco, F. A. Sheridan, J. F. Svoboda, K. K. H. Trackman, P. C. Walker, M. P. Walker, S. G. Wang, C. Y. Hu, J. C. C. Univ Michigan Sch Dent DDS Class 2020 Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Marquette Univ Sch Dent Dent Biomat Milwaukee WI 53233 USA Marquette Univ Sch Dent Gen Dent Sci Milwaukee WI 53233 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Dept Orofacial Sci Sch Dent San Francisco CA 94143 USA Univ Calif San Francisco Sch Dent Ctr Childrens Oral Hlth Res San Francisco CA USA Indiana Univ Grad Educ Sch Dent Indianapolis IN 46204 USA Indiana Univ Sch Dent Dent Sci Program Indianapolis IN USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio Dept Endodont San Antonio TX 78229 USA Augusta Univ Dent Coll Georgia Oral Biol & Maxillofacial Pathol Augusta GA USA Univ Connecticut Ctr Hlth Sch Dent Med Dept Craniofacial SciDiv Pediat Dent Farmington CT USA Univ Pittsburgh Dept Oral Biol Sch Dent Med Pittsburgh PA USA Univ Pittsburgh Oral Biol Grad Program Sch Dent Med Pittsburgh PA USA Univ Southern Calif Dent Herman Ostrow Sch Dent Los Angeles CA USA Univ Southern Calif Grad Program Craniofacial Biol Herman Ostrow Sch Dent Los Angeles CA USA Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill Adv Dent Educ & Grad Studies Sch Dent Chapel Hill NC USA Univ Washington Sch Dent Dept Oral Hlth Sci Grad Program Oral Biol Seattle WA 98195 USA Univ Rochester Sch Med & Dent Eastman Inst Oral Hlth Ctr Oral Biol Rochester NY USA Univ Rochester Sch Med & Dent Eastman Inst Oral Hlth Dept Microbiol & Immunol Rochester NY USA SUNY Buffalo Sch Dent Med Dept Oral Biol Buffalo NY USA SUNY Buffalo Sch Dent Med Fac & Profess Dev Buffalo NY USA Ohio State Univ Biosci OSU Coll Dent Columbus OH 43210 USA Ohio State Univ Inst Behav Med Res Columbus OH 43210 USA Texas A&M Univ Coll Dent Oral Biol Grad Program Dallas TX USA Texas A&M Univ Coll Dent Dept Biomed Sci Dallas TX USA Boston Univ Mol & Cell Biol Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med Boston MA USA Boston Univ Grad Programs Henry M Goldman Sch Dent Med Boston MA USA Univ Missouri Sch Dent Res & Grad Programs Kansas City MO USA Univ Missouri Sch Dent Oral &

For decades, dental schools in the United States have endured a significant faculty shortage. Studies have determined that the top 2 sources of dental faculty are advanced education programs and private practice. Those who have completed both DDS and phd training are considered prime candidates for dental faculty positions. However, there is no national database to track those trainees and no evidence to indicate that they entered academia upon graduation. The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of dental school-affiliated oral sciences phd program enrollment, graduates, and placement between 1994 and 2016. Using the American Dental Association annual survey of advanced dental education programs not accredited by the Commission on Dental Accreditation and data obtained from 22 oral sciences phd programs, we assessed student demographics, enrollment, graduation, and placement. Based on the data provided by program directors, the average new enrollment was 33, and graduation was 26 per year. A total of 605 graduated;39 did not complete;and 168 were still in training. Among those 605 graduates, 211 were faculty in U.S. academic institutions, and 77 were faculty in foreign institutions. Given that vacant budgeted full-time faculty positions averaged 257 per year during this period, graduates from those oral sciences phd programs who entered academia in the United States would have filled 9 (3.6%) vacant faculty positions per year. Therefore, phd programs have consistently generated only a small pipeline of dental school faculty. Better mentoring to retain talent in academia is necessary. Stronger support and creative funding plans are essential to sustain the phd program. Furthermore, the oral sciences phd program database should be established and maintained by dental professional organizations to allow assessments of training models, trends of enrollment, graduation, and placement outcomes.

关键词： academic education outcomes dental schools survey demographics

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Wearable strain sensor and flexible direct-current nanogenerator made by medical mask wastes and PEDOT:PSS-based conductive inks

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SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES 2025年 44卷

作者： Lee, Min-Hsuan Natl Tsing Hua Univ PhD Program Biomed Artificial Intelligence Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

The disposal of polypropylene (PP) from discarded masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major source of plastic particle pollution in aquatic environments, such as rivers and estuaries, drawing significant attention from the healthcare industry. Converting these waste polymers into high-value electronic products offers an economically viable and sustainable solution, paving the way for innovative methodologies. The practical application of direct-current triboelectric nanogenerators (DC-TENGs) requires a precisely matched metal-semiconductor interface. Additionally, wearable sensors must be designed with flexibility and comfort-ability to ensure reliable performance in personal health monitoring and human-machine interaction. In this study, we use a simple drop-casting method to deposit a poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)-based hybrid conductive layer onto a PP substrate derived from discarded masks. This enables the fabrication of flexible strain sensors and textile-based DC-TENGs. Our environmentally friendly approach aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 12, which promotes responsible consumption and production.

关键词： Medical plastic waste Organic tribovoltaic nanogenerator Fabric-based strain sensor

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Robotic Exoskeleton With Mechanically Implemented Kinematic Synergy for Quadrupedal Gait of Rats

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IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS 2025年第4期10卷 3620-3627页

作者： Miyamoto, Takayuki Mikhailov, Andrey Hassan, Modar Puentes, Sandra Hiraga, Taichi Soya, Hideaki Suzuki, Kenji Univ Tsukuba PhD Program Empowerment Informat Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Univ Tsukuba Ctr Cybern Res Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Univ Tsukuba PhD Program Phys Educ Hlth & Sport Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

This study introduces a novel kinematic synergy-based exoskeleton designed for gait rehabilitation studies in rats. The exoskeleton assists all three hindlimb joints of the rat (hip, knee and ankle) while ensuring proper interjoint coordination and the natural quadrupedal posture. This assistance is realized through a 2-DOF bar mechanism that emulates the biomechanics of rats. Engineered to be compact, lightweight, backdrivable, and sufficiently powerful, the proposed system minimizes physical stress on the animal while allowing a wide range of assistive forces to be applied. These features are achieved through a combination of a cable power transmission system and direct-drive motors positioned outside the exoskeletal structure. The desktop experiments demonstrated that the exoskeleton could precisely replicate the rat's kinematic gait patterns and remain backdrivable whether powered or unpowered. The feasibility of gait assistance was further confirmed in an anesthetized rat, where synergistic gait patterns were observed between the joints. Hence, the system holds the potential to enable controlled comparative neurorehabilitation studies in rats. These studies can help unveil neural recovery mechanisms and design optimal exoskeleton control strategies for rehabilitation in humans.

关键词： Exoskeletons Rats Robots Motors Quadrupedal robots Kinematics Torque Limbs Robot kinematics Force Rehabilitation robotics prosthetics and exoskeletons actuation and joint mechanism tendon/wire mechanism

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A Burnside ring for monoids

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JOURNAL OF ALGEBRA 2025年 666卷 213-250页

作者： Weissmann, Jeremy CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Math New York NY 10017 USA

We define the Burnside ring of a monoid, generalizing the construction for groups. After giving foundational definitions, we describe the monoid-theoretic correlates of orbits and their automorphisms, then prove a structure theorem for a broad class of monoids that allows us to write the Burnside ring as a direct product of Burnside rings of groups. Finally, we define a monoid-theoretic correlate of the table of marks, and show that the Burnside algebra over Q is semisimple. (c) 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Monoids Monoid actions Burnside ring Burnside algebra

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Insights into nutrients recovery from food waste liquid Digestate: A critical review and systematic analysis

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WASTE MANAGEMENT 2025年 200卷 114743页

作者： Arellano-Yasaca, Diana Victoria Chu, Chen-Yeon Feng Chia Univ PhD Program Infrastruct Planning & Engn Taichung 40724 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ PhD Program Civil Engn Water Resources Engn & Infr Taichung 40724 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Inst Green Prod Taichung 40724 Taiwan

This review paper presents a critical analysis of global research on the liquid fraction of food waste (FW) digestate. The study found that research on FW liquid fraction management accounted for 43% of the literature, followed by treatment methods (26%) and physical-chemical characterization (22%). By 2023, China led in scientific production on FW liquid fraction, contributing 46%, followed by Poland with 10% and the USA with 8%. The review emphasizes current technologies for nutrient recovery from the liquid fraction, as well as practical implications and limitations, identifying gaps in the literature. The most used methods for nutrient recovery were biofertilizer production from microalgae and membrane technologies. However, there is a need for further research on nutrient value, circular economy integration, the impact of food additives, ecological problems associated with FW decomposition, pathogen breeding, harmonized legislation to support recovered fertilizer commercialization and innovative nutrient recovery technologies. This approach provides valuable insights for stakeholders, enabling the creation of effective strategies that promote sustainable agricultural practices and circular economy initiatives through nutrient recovery from FW digestate.

关键词： Anaerobic Digestion Food Waste Membrane Technologies Microalgae Cultivation Nutrients Recovery

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RNA guanine content and G-quadruplex structure tune the phase behavior and material properties of biomolecular condensates

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2025年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Vidal Ceballos, Alfredo Geissmann, Anna Favaro, Denize C. Deshpande, Priyasha Elbaum-Garfinkle, Shana CUNY Struct Biol Initiat Adv Sci Res Ctr New York NY 10017 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Chem New York NY 10017 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Biochem New York NY 10017 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Biol New York NY 10017 USA

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are enriched in phase separated biomolecular assemblies across cell types. These RBPs often harbor arginine-glycine rich RGG motifs, which can drive phase separation, and can preferentially interact with RNA G-quadruplex (G4) structures, particularly in the neuron. Increasing evidence underscores the important role that RNA sequence and structure play in contributing to the form and function of protein condensates, however, less is known about the role of G4 RNAs and their interaction with RGG domains specifically. In this study we focused on the model protein, Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), to investigate how G4-containing RNA sequences impact the phase behavior and material properties of condensates. FMRP is implicated in the development of Fragile X Syndrome, and is enriched in neuronal granules where it is thought to aid in mRNA trafficking and translational control. Here, we examined RNA sequences with increasing G content and G4 propensity in complex with the RGG-containing low complexity region (LCR) of FMRP. We found, that while increasing G content triggers aggregation of poly-arginine, all RNA sequences supported phase separation into liquid droplets with FMRP-LCR. Combining microrheology, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching, we measured a moderate increase in viscosity and decrease in dynamics for increasing G-content, and detected no measurable increase in elasticity as a function of G4 structure. Additionally, we found that while methylation of FMRP decreased RNA binding affinity, this modification did not impact condensate material properties suggesting that RNA sequence/structure can play a greater role than binding affinity in determining the emergent properties of condensates. Together, this work lends much needed insight into the ways in which G-rich RNA sequences tune the assembly, dynamics and material properties of protein/RNA condensates and/or granules.

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The place-new relation in the context of experience and meaning: a bibliometric review (1992-2023)

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JOURNAL OF ASIAN ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEERING 2025年第1期24卷 424-442页

作者： Hacioglu, Ebru Polatoglu, Cigdem Yildiz Tech Univ Fac Architecture Architectural Design PhD Program Istanbul Turkiye Yildiz Tech Univ Fac Architecture Head Architecture Dept Istanbul Turkiye Yildiz Tech Univ Fac Architecture Architectural Design PhD Program Yildiz Campus D Block TR-34349 Istanbul Turkiye

The research analyzes the literature by questioning the common denominator between "place and the new" through the concepts of experience and meaning to expand and deepen the existing knowledge on the meaning of place in the production of place. The paper discovers current approaches and notions in the place-new relationship and identifies leading keywords, authors, documents, sources, organizations, and references. It presents a systematic literature review based on bibliometric data in the context of place concept research. The analysis conducted on 27 May 202327 May 2023, with the concepts of place, new, experience, and meaning, covers the bibliometric data of 870 publications which included English articles and book chapters published since 1992 and chosen from specific research categories on the Web of Science. Documents published before 1992 without available content were excluded. Findings show an increasing tendency towards the concepts of sustainability, place-making, place attachment, urban regeneration, architectural design, and cultural heritage. While the number of investigations concentrating on landscape and COVID-19 has increased;concepts like everyday life, emotions, behavior, urban politics, phenomenology, design research, and displacement have been discovered as current research topics. This paper is potentially useful for future theoretical and practical work to create meaningful places and contributes to the further implementation of design and planning studies.

关键词： Bibliometrics analysis architecture place-new experience meaning

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Contributions of action potentials to scalp EEG: Theory and biophysical simulations

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PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY 2025年第2期21卷 e1012794页

作者： Brake, Niklas Khadra, Anmar McGill Univ Quantitat Life Sci PhD Program Montreal PQ Canada McGill Univ Dept Physiol Montreal PQ Canada

Differences in the apparent 1/f component of neural power spectra require correction depending on the underlying neural mechanisms, which remain incompletely understood. Past studies suggest that neuronal spiking produces broadband signals and shapes the spectral trend of invasive macroscopic recordings, but it is unclear to what extent action potentials (APs) influence scalp EEG. Here, we combined biophysical simulations with statistical modelling to examine the amplitude and spectral content of scalp potentials generated by the electric fields from spiking activity. In physiological parameter regimes, we found that APs contribute negligibly to the EEG spectral trend. Consistent with this, comparing our biophysical simulations with previously published data from pharmacologically paralyzed subjects suggested that the EEG spectral trend can be explained by a combination of synaptic timescales and electromyogram contamination. We also modelled rhythmic EEG generation, finding that APs can generate detectable narrowband power between approximately 60 and 1000 Hz, reaching frequencies much faster than would be possible from synaptic currents. Finally, we show that different spectral detrending strategies are required for AP generated oscillations compared to synaptically generated oscillations, suggesting that existing detrending methods for EEG spectra need to be modified for high frequency signals.

关键词： Electric fields

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