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Optical Aptamer-Based Cytokine Nanosensor Detects Macrophage Activation by Bacterial Toxins

ACS SENSORS 2024年第7期9卷 3697-3706页

作者： Ryan, Amelia K. Rahman, Syeda Williams, Ryan M. CUNY City Coll New York Dept Biomed Engn New York NY 10031 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Chem New York NY 10016 USA

Overactive or dysregulated cytokine expression is a hallmark of many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. This is true for acute or chronic infections, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and others. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) are known therapeutic targets and biomarkers for such inflammatory diseases. Platforms for cytokine detection are, therefore, desirable tools for both research and clinical applications. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are versatile nanomaterials with near-infrared fluorescence that can serve as transducers for optical sensors. When functionalized with an analyte-specific recognition element, SWCNT emission may become sensitive and selective toward the desired target. SWCNT-aptamer sensors are easily assembled, inexpensive, and biocompatible. In this work, we introduced a nanosensor design based on SWCNT and a DNA aptamer specific to IL-6. We first evaluated several SWCNT-aptamer constructs based on this simple direct complexation method, wherein the aptamer both solubilizes the SWCNT and confers sensitivity to IL-6. The sensor limit of detection, 105 ng/mL, lies in the relevant range for pathological IL-6 levels. Upon investigation of sensor kinetics, we found rapid response within seconds of antigen addition which continued over the course of 3 h. We found that this sensor construct is stable and the aptamer is not displaced from the nanotube surface during IL-6 detection. Finally, we investigated the ability of this sensor construct to detect macrophage activation caused by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in an in vitro model of disease, finding rapid and sensitive detection of macrophage-expressed IL-6. We are confident that further development of this sensor will have novel implications for diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, in addition to contributing to the understanding of the role of cytokines in these diseases.

关键词： IL-6 DNA aptamer inflammation nanocarbon SWCNT fluorescence

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The increasing authorship trend in neuroscience: A scientometric analysis across 11 countries

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IBRO NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS 2024年 17卷 52-57页

作者： Paul, Ann Segreti, Mariella Pani, Pierpaolo Brunamonti, Emiliano Genovesio, Aldo Sapienza Univ Dept Physiol & Pharmacol Rome Italy Sapienza Univ Behav Neurosci PhD Program Rome Italy

Previous studies have demonstrated an increasing trend of the number of authors across various fields over the years. This trend has been attributed to the necessity for larger collaborations and, at times, to ethical issues regarding authorship attribution. Our study focuses on the evolution of authorship trends in the field of Neuroscience. We conducted our analysis based on a dataset containing 580,782 neuroscience publications produced from 2000 to 2022, focusing on the publications within the Group of ten (G10) countries. Using a matrix-based methodology, we extracted and analyzed the average number of authors per country. Our findings reveal a consistent rise in authorship across all G10 countries over the past two decades. Italy emerged with the highest average number of authors, while France stood out for experiencing the most significant increase, particularly in the last decade. The countries with the lowest number of authors per publication were the USA, UK and Canada. Differences between countries could result from variations in the size of collaboration between researchers in different countries. Additionally, these differences may depend on utilitarian considerations aimed at receiving higher scores in the individual evaluation of their own work. We propose that a normalization procedure for the number of authors should be implemented to ensure a fair evaluation of researchers.

关键词： Neuroscience Authorship G10 countries

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A preliminary design of a 3D maritime gamified mentoring platform to support tanker pre-vetting inspection training: 'Maritime Gamentor'

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SHIPS AND OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 2023年第12期18卷 1627-1637页

作者： Gurbuz, Suleyman Cihan Celik, Metin Istanbul Tech Univ Dept Marine Transportat Engn PhD Program Istanbul Turkey Istanbul Tech Univ Dept Basic Sci Istanbul Turkey

Pre-vetting inspection, enhanced with onsite training, is a critical process to improve safety and environmental compliance onboard tanker ships. As a part of pre-vetting services, this study develops a maritime gamified mentoring platform, namely Maritime Gamentor, to manage crew upskilling in tanker vetting requirements. In this stage, the study considers the recently updated requirements of the Ship Inspection Report (SIRE 2.0) programme of Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF) to conceptualise a holistic serious game-based training solution. Then, a step-by-step approach to the preliminary design, development and prototyping of maritime serious games is provided in detail. Particular to the SIRE 2.0 Clause# 5.1.4, the study conducts a case study on Maritime Gamentor Module-01 illustrated with a task-based risk assessment (TBRA) on enclosed space entry operation. Consequently, the Maritime Gamentor is conceptualised as a powerful training and mentorship platform for global shipping companies.

关键词： Serious games maritime mentoring risk assessment tanker vetting safety training

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Sub-5-min RP-UHPLC-TIMS for high-throughput untargeted lipidomics and its application to multiple matrices

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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2024年第4期416卷 959-970页

作者： Merciai, Fabrizio Basilicata, Manuela Giovanna La Gioia, Danila Salviati, Emanuela Caponigro, Vicky Ciaglia, Tania Musella, Simona Crescenzi, Carlo Sommella, Eduardo Campiglia, Pietro Univ Salerno Dept Pharm Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy Univ Salerno PhD Program Drug Discovery & Dev Fisciano SA Italy

Untargeted lipidomics, with its ability to take a snapshot of the lipidome landscape, is an important tool to highlight lipid changes in pathology or drug treatment models. One of the shortcomings of most untargeted lipidomics based on UHPLC-HRMS is the low throughput, which is not compatible with large-scale screening. In this contribution, we evaluate the application of a sub-5-min high-throughput four-dimensional trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry (HT-4D-TIMS) platform for the fast profiling of multiple complex biological matrices. Human AC-16 cells and mouse brain, liver, sclera, and feces were used as samples. By using a fast 4-min RP gradient, the implementation of TIMS allows us to differentiate coeluting isomeric and isobaric lipids, with correct precursor ion isolation, avoiding co-fragmentation and chimeric MS/MS spectra. Globally, the HT-4D-TIMS allowed us to annotate 1910 different lipid species, 1308 at the molecular level and 602 at the sum composition level, covering 58 lipid subclasses, together with quantitation capability covering more than three orders of magnitude. Notably, TIMS values were highly comparable with respect to longer LC gradients (CV% = 0.39%). These results highlight how HT-4D-TIMS-based untargeted lipidomics possess high coverage and accuracy, halving the analysis time with respect to conventional UHPLC methods, and can be used for fast and accurate untargeted analysis of complex matrices to rapidly evaluate changes of lipid metabolism in disease models or drug discovery campaigns.

关键词： High-throughput Trapped ion mobility PASEF Untargeted lipidomics

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Strategies of positron emission tomography (PET) tracer development for imaging of tau and α-synuclein in neurodegenerative disorders

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RSC MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2025年第2期16卷 605-639页

作者： Mekala, Shekar Wu, You Li, Yue-Ming Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Chem Biol Program 1275 York Ave New York NY 10065 USA Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Triinst PhD Program Chem Biol New York NY 10065 USA

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques consisting of beta-amyloid peptides (A beta) and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) protein in the brain. Genetic and animal studies strongly indicate that A beta, tau and neuroinflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of AD. Several staging models showed that NFTs correlated well with the disease progression. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has become a widely used non-invasive technique to image NFTs for early diagnosis of AD. Despite the remarkable progress made over the past few years, tau PET imaging is still challenging due to the nature of tau pathology and the technical aspects of PET imaging. Tau pathology often coexists with other proteinopathies, such as A beta plaques and alpha-synuclein aggregates. Distinguishing tau-specific signals from other overlapping pathologies is difficult, especially in the context of AD, where multiple protein aggregates are present, as well as the spectrum of different tau isoforms (3R and 4R) and conformations. Moreover, tracers should ideally have optimal pharmacokinetic properties to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) while maintaining specificity, low toxicity, low non-specific binding, rapid uptake and clearance from the brain, and formation of no radiolabeled metabolites in the brain. On the other hand, Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by the abnormal accumulations of alpha-synuclein in neurons. Heterogeneity and the unclear pathogenesis of PD hinder early and accurate diagnosis of the disease for therapeutic development in clinical use. In this review, while referring to existing reviews, we focus on the design strategies and current progress in tau (NFTs) targeting new PET tracers for AD;evolution of non-AD tau targeting PET tracers for applications

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Osteocalcin improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and secretion in older male mice

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BONE 2024年 182卷 117048-117048页

作者： Paracha, Noorulain Mastrokostas, Paul Kello, Evan Gedailovich, Yosef Segall, Devorah Rizzo, Alexis Mitelberg, Lawrence Hassan, Naif Dowd, Terry Lynne CUNY Brooklyn Coll Dept Biol Brooklyn NY 11210 USA CUNY Brooklyn Coll Dept Chem Rm 359 NE2900 Bedford Ave Brooklyn NY 11210 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Chem New York NY 10016 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Biochem New York NY 10016 USA

Osteocalcin deficient mice (OC-/-), on a mixed 129/BL6J background, were reported to show glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity and reduced insulin secretion at 1-6 mos of age. This is controversial as two studies in OC-/- mice on different backgrounds (C3H/BL6 (5-6 mos.) and C57BL/6N (5 and 9 mos.)) found no effect on glucose metabolism. To determine the role of OC in glucose metabolism we conducted glucose tolerance tests (GTT), insulin tolerances tests (ITT) and glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) on 6 and 9.5 month-old male OC-/- and OC+/+ mice on a pure C57BL/6J background and fed a normal chow diet. All results were analyzed with a two-way repeated measures ANOVA. The GTT results showed no effect on males at 6 months of age but glucose intolerance was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in male OC-/- mice at 9.5 months of age. The ITT results indicated significantly increased insulin resistance in male OC-/- mice. Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) showed insulin significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in OC-/- at several time points. Mouse Osteocalcin injected into OC-/- mice decreased the glucose level. Our results confirm the role of OC in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity and demonstrate a role in insulin secretion in older male mice on a C57BL/6J background. Differences in background, age, or experimental procedures could explain controversial results. A delayed onset of the effect of OC on glucose metabolism at 9.5 months in male C57BL/6J mice highlights the importance of background on phenotype. Consideration of genetic background and age may be beneficial for human studies on osteocalcin and glucose homeostasis and may be relevant to the elderly where osteocalcin is reduced.

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miR-210 promotes immune- and suppresses oocyte meiosis-related genes in the zebrafish ovarian cells

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GENOMICS 2024年第2期116卷 110820页

作者： van Gelderen, Tosca A. Ribas, Laia Consejo Super Invest Cient ICM CSIC Inst Ciencies Mar Barcelona Spain Autonomous Univ Barcelona UAB PhD Program Genet Bellaterra 08193 Spain

microRNA-210 (miRNA), a well-documented miRNA, has been implicated in a myriad of biological processes, including responses to hypoxia, angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and male infertility in humans. However, a comprehensive understanding of its functions in fish requires further investigation. This study pursued to elucidate the downstream effect of dre-miR-210-5p on primary ovarian cell culture in zebrafish (Danio rerio), an animal model. A protocol was settled down by incubations with either an miR-210 mimic or a scrambled miRNA in the isolated ovaries. RNA-sequencing analysis identified similar to 6000 differentially expressed target genes revealing that downregulated genes were associated with reproduction-related pathways while immune-related pathways displayed an upregulated pattern. To identify molecular markers, predicted target genes were classified into reproduction and immune cell types. These findings underscore the existence of a profound interplay between the reproductive and immune systems, with miR-210 emerging as a pivotal player in orchestrating transcriptomic alterations within fish ovaries.

关键词： Epigenetics Cell culture Reproduction Infection Gamete Protocol Marker

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in main neurodegenerative diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 554-555页

作者： Serena Camuso Sonia Canterini Division of Neuroscience Department of PsychologyUniversity La SapienzaRomeItaly PhD Program in Behavioral Neuroscience Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

Discovered in pig brains in 1982,the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)is one of the most studied and characterized neurotrophins in the central nervous *** recent years,BDNF has received considerable attention for its importance in the development and maintenance of normal brain *** is because BDNF plays an important role in crucial functions of the nervous system,such as the survival,differentiation,and maturation of neurons and glial cells as well as the actions of neuroprotection in adverse conditions,such as glutamatergic overstimulation,cerebral ischemia,hypoglycemia,and neurotoxicity(Kowiański et al.,2018).

关键词： stimulation diseases

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The post-Cartesian dilemma: Reuniting the mind and body through psychoneuroimmunology

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COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY 2024年 20卷 100265页

作者： Bennett, Jeanette M. Univ North Carolina Charlotte Dept Psychol Sci Hlth Psychol PhD Program Charlotte NC USA

While today, it might seem absurd to hear anyone claim that stress does not alter all aspects of the human experience, including behavioral, cognitive, affective, and physiological processes. Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser started her career at a time when stress was primarily considered a neuroendocrine response with cardiovascular repercussions. She was part of a small group of innovative scientists who began to push the boundaries of stress research - many contemporary immunologists and virologist disputed their early results in 1980s and 90s - and, yet, they persevered by connecting psychological stress to altered immune function via stress-related neuroendocrine changes. As a clinical psychologist, she focused mainly on human research studies to advance the field of psychoneuroimmunology throughout her career. Her research demonstrates how adversity and psychosocial aspects of human experience alter physiological functioning, primarily immune, and health or, in other words, the embodiment of our lived experiences. This short review is a contextualized synthesis of Dr. Kiecolt-Glaser's key contributions to the fields of psychoneuroimmunology and health psychology and her influence on my present day thinking and research approaches, as well as potential steps forward in our postpandemic world.

关键词： Dualism Adversity Stress Psychoneuroimmunology Embodiment Health Resilience

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Insights into the chaotropic tolerance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. 029 (Chroococcidiopsales, cyanobacteria)

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JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2024年第1期60卷 185-194页

作者： Fagliarone, Claudia Fernandez, Beatriz Gallego Di Stefano, Giorgia Mosca, Claudia Billi, Daniela Univ Roma Tor Vergata Dept Biol Rome Italy Univ Roma Tor Vergata Dept Biol PhD Program Cellular & Mol Biol Rome Italy

The mechanism of perchlorate resistance of the desert cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis sp. CCMEE 029 was investigated by assessing whether the pathways associated with its desiccation tolerance might play a role against the destabilizing effects of this chaotropic agent. During 3 weeks of growth in the presence of 2.4 mM perchlorate, an upregulation of trehalose and sucrose biosynthetic pathways was detected. This suggested that in response to the water stress triggered by perchlorate salts, these two compatible solutes play a role in the stabilization of macromolecules and membranes as they do in response to dehydration. During the perchlorate exposure, the production of oxidizing species was observed by using an oxidant-sensing fluorochrome and determining the expression of the antioxidant defense genes, namely superoxide dismutases and catalases, while the presence of oxidative DNA damage was highlighted by the over-expression of genes of the base excision repair. The involvement of desiccation-tolerance mechanisms in the perchlorate resistance of this desert cyanobacterium is interesting since, so far, chaotropic-tolerant bacteria have been identified among halophiles. Hence, it is anticipated that desert microorganisms might possess an unrevealed capability of adapting to perchlorate concentrations exceeding those naturally occurring in dry environments. Furthermore, in the endeavor of supporting future human outposts on Mars, the identified mechanisms might contribute to enhance the perchlorate resistance of microorganisms relevant for biologically driven utilization of the perchlorate-rich soil of the red planet.

关键词： compatible solute DNA repair Mars life support oxidative stress perchlorate resistance

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