The response to worldwide climate emergencies materialized in the enactment of the Paris Agreement with inclusive global efforts on net-zero emissions. Thus far, the rulebook for Article 6 of the Paris Agreement conta...
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The response to worldwide climate emergencies materialized in the enactment of the Paris Agreement with inclusive global efforts on net-zero emissions. Thus far, the rulebook for Article 6 of the Paris Agreement contains only broad principles, while infrastructure is still being developed, particularly for various purposes, including Other International Mitigation Purposes. This study reviews contemporary Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) policies in major and emerging economies, specifically those implementing carbon pricing and crediting practices. Given that the climate legislation of Taiwan achieved net-zero emissions, set a 2030 NDC target, and enforced carbon regulations, the Taiwan Crediting Integration Framework was introduced as a feasible research example, with an inclusive policy design, including existing carbon pricing instrument applications to carbon fees and potential emission trading systems to carbon credit, derived from the Paris Mechanisms. We found that with a 10 percent International Transferred Mitigation Outcomes offset to 2005 levels, the potential opportunity costs and marginal cost savings could benefit approximately US$ 737 M in 2030 when conducting the NDC target of Taiwan. The resulting carbon pricing governance in Taiwan will implement carbon pricing and be strictly bound to absolute emission reduction targets, ensuring no deviation from the net-zero pathway and preventing greenwashing.
This study examines how people react to different types of high social rank displays during negotiations. We focused on two ways people display high rank: dominance (using force or intimidation) and prestige (demonstr...
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This study examines how people react to different types of high social rank displays during negotiations. We focused on two ways people display high rank: dominance (using force or intimidation) and prestige (demonstrating competence and earning respect). In a pre-registered experiment (N = 309), we tested whether these displays would influence people to make fair offers in a negotiation game. Participants first competed in tasks where they were outperformed by their negotiation partner, creating a power difference. They then decided how much money to share with this partner. We found that participants offered more money to partners who displayed prestige after demonstrating superior performance. However, when partners displayed dominance despite similar superior performance, participants did not increase their offers compared to a neutral condition without power differences, and this pattern persisted even under compliance pressure. A path model revealed that expressions of authentic pride (associated with prestige), but not hubristic pride (associated with dominance), explained why participants made fairer offers. These findings suggest that earning and showing respect through prestige is more effective than asserting dominance when negotiating from a position of power.
作者：
Khosravi, PegahCUNY
New York City Coll Technol Dept Biol Sci 285 Jay St Brooklyn NY 11201 USA CUNY Grad Ctr
Biol & Comp PhD Programs PhD Program Phys 365 5th Ave New York NY 10016 USA
作者：
Berkowitz, Alex J.Murelli, Ryan P.CUNY
Dept Chem Brooklyn Coll Brooklyn NY 11210 USA CUNY
PhD Program Chem Grad Ctr New York NY 10016 USA CUNY
PhD Program Biochem Grad Ctr New York NY 10016 USA
Herein, we describe the formation of tropolonesthrough the autoxidation of Bu''chner reaction-derived cyclo-heptatrienes. The reaction is exceptionally simple procedurally, asit involves blowing a stream of co...
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Herein, we describe the formation of tropolonesthrough the autoxidation of Bu''chner reaction-derived cyclo-heptatrienes. The reaction is exceptionally simple procedurally, asit involves blowing a stream of compressed air over thecycloheptatriene, and the products can be obtained without anyneed for chromatography. The chemistry works specifically ondioxolane-fused systems or close variants, and substitution patternsare also important. A radical-based mechanistic hypothesis is putforward to explain these results. Finally, we demonstrate the utilityof the overall process in the synthesis of amide-appended tropolones and an isomer of stipitatic acid.
Fast excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian brain is mediated by cation-selective AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors (AMPARs)1. AMPARs are critical for the learning and me...
Fast excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian brain is mediated by cation-selective AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors (AMPARs)1. AMPARs are critical for the learning and memory mechanisms of Hebbian plasticity2 and glutamatergic synapse homeostasis3, with recent work establishing that AMPAR missense mutations can cause autism and intellectual disability4, 5, 6-7. AMPARs have been grouped into two functionally distinct tetrameric assemblies based on the inclusion or exclusion of the GluA2 subunit that determines Ca2+ permeability through RNA editing8,9. GluA2-containing AMPARs are the most abundant in the central nervous system and considered to be Ca2+ impermeable10. Here we show this is not the case. Contrary to conventional understanding, GluA2-containing AMPARs form a continuum of polyamine-insensitive ion channels with varying degrees of Ca2+ permeability. Their ability to transport Ca2+ is shaped by the subunit composition of AMPAR tetramers as well as the spatial orientation of transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins and cornichon auxiliary subunits. Ca2+ crosses the ion-conduction pathway by docking to an extracellular binding site that helps funnel divalent ions into the pore selectivity filter. The dynamic range in Ca2+ permeability, however, arises because auxiliary subunits primarily modify the selectivity filter. Taken together, our work proposes a broader role for AMPARs in Ca2+ signalling in the mammalian brain and offers mechanistic insight into the pathogenic nature of missense mutations.
This review delves into the innovative technology of Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) opening with low-intensity focused ultrasound in combination with microbubbles (LIFU-MB), a promising therapeutic modality aimed at enhanc...
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This review delves into the innovative technology of Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) opening with low-intensity focused ultrasound in combination with microbubbles (LIFU-MB), a promising therapeutic modality aimed at enhancing drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB's selective permeability, while crucial for neuroprotection, significantly hampers the efficacy of pharmacological treatments for CNS disorders. LIFU-MB emerges as a non-invasive and localized method to transiently increase BBB permeability, facilitating the delivery of therapeutic molecules. Here, we review the procedural stages of LIFU-MB interventions, including planning and preparation, sonication, evaluation, and delivery, highlighting the technological diversity and methodological challenges encountered in current clinical applications. With an emphasis on safety and efficacy, we discuss the crucial aspects of ultrasound delivery, microbubble administration, acoustic feedback monitoring and assessment of BBB permeability. Finally, we explore the critical choices for effective BBB opening with LIFUMB, focusing on selecting therapeutic agents, optimizing delivery methods, and timing for delivery. Overcoming existing barriers to integrate this technology into clinical practice could potentially revolutionize CNS drug delivery and treatment paradigms in the near future.
Mexico's pandemic management and the absence of measures have been harshly criticized as being disproportionate. This paper examines whether the proportionality principle was properly applied to Mexico's COVID...
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Mexico's pandemic management and the absence of measures have been harshly criticized as being disproportionate. This paper examines whether the proportionality principle was properly applied to Mexico's COVID-19 response and outlines three reasons against such an endeavor, namely (i) the content of "proportionate measures" remained insufficiently well defined, (ii) there were yet fundamental rights conflicts to resolve, and (iii) the situation was moreover characterized by epistemic uncertainty.
Inspired by zero degree writing, this article questions inherited meanings carried through social practices in architecture. To do this, it overlaps Roland Barthes's narrative codes with narratives of elements of ...
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Inspired by zero degree writing, this article questions inherited meanings carried through social practices in architecture. To do this, it overlaps Roland Barthes's narrative codes with narratives of elements of floor and wall from Rem Koolhaas's book entitled Elements of Architecture. The aim of the research carried out in the article is to reach an assessment regarding zero degree cycles of inherited meanings of architecture in the narratives of two mentioned elements in Koolhaas's book. Methodologically, adapting Barthes's 5 narrative codes to deconstruct the floor and wall narratives in the relevant book builds a bridge that enables to achieve "inherited meanings of architecture" revealed by social productivity. As a result of the methodology, 26 productive terms which can be interpreted as inherited meanings of architecture are revealed. Productive terms open up architectural meanings to interpretation by mediating their conveys through social production and by turning into a living inheritance. The use of Roland Barthes' narrative codes in the deconstruction of an architectural text leads the article to an assessment of zero degree cycle of social productivity and reveals that architectural meaning is carried through social participation.
This study utilized a micro-sensing device to identify the spatiotemporal distribution of sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in an industrial park located at southern Taiwan. Th...
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This study utilized a micro-sensing device to identify the spatiotemporal distribution of sulfide (H2S), ammonia (NH3), and total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs) in an industrial park located at southern Taiwan. These devices were installed on a mobile vehicle and integrated with geographic information systems (GIS) and global positioning systems (GPS) for real-time environmental monitoring. The monitoring data were used to plot concentration contours with a SURFER mapping software for tracking emission sources. There was a composting facility to the northwest and two livestock farms to the north of the industrial park, which were estimated to be the sources of the high concentrations of H2S (360-600 ppb) and NH3 (840-1500 ppb) in the northeastern region of the industrial area. Additionally, two large solvent recovery treatment factories in the northwest are emitting VOCs (180-1200 ppb), contributing to the odorous source of organic pollutants. The results successfully confirmed that the locations of odor complaints were highly correlated with the odor detection hotspots. Therefore, the mobile intelligent vehicle equipped with micro-sensing device can accurately position the locations of odor pollution and further assist environmental inspection agencies for pollution prevention.
Background: Hepato-thoracic hydatid transit (HTT) is an evolutionary complication of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. This study aimed to report the available evidence regarding postoperative complications (POC) and hos...
Background: Hepato-thoracic hydatid transit (HTT) is an evolutionary complication of hepatic cystic echinococcosis. This study aimed to report the available evidence regarding postoperative complications (POC) and hospital mortality (HM). Methods: Systematic review. Studies related to HTT were included. Searches were performed in Trip Database, SciELO, BIREME-BVS, WoS, PubMed, EMBASE and SCOPUS. Primary outcomes: POC and HM. Secondary outcomes: publication date, origin and designs, number of patients, cyst type, hospital stance, treatments;and methodological quality (MQ) of studies applying MInCir-T and MInCir-Pr2 scales. Descriptive statistics, weighted means (WM) and their comparison using least squares logistic regression, and meta-analysis of prevalence of POC and HM were applied. Results: 604 studies were retrieved (101 met selection criteria, representing 1020 patients). WM age: 42.6 years, 58.3 % male. Reports are mainly from Spain (19.8 %) and Turkey (17.8 %). With a WM of 18.3 days of hospital stance, it was verified 28.9 % of POC, 12.6 % needed re-interventions, and 9.7 % died. MQ of studies: 9.1 +/- 1.9 (MInCir-T) and 13.2 +/- 2.9 (MInCir-Pr2). Comparing the behavior of variables in two periods (1983-2002 vs. 2003-2024), statistically significant differences were observed in POC, HM, and reinterventions. Conclusion: HTT is associated with high POC, and significant HM, despite the passage of time.
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