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The elevated stroke and death rates among asymptomatic patients undergoing carotid stenting in the Pacific Northwest are associated with high-risk patient selection

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JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY 2025年第4期81卷 929-937.e12页

作者： Ghosh, Rahul Elizaga, Norma Murphy, Blake Cornett, Carrie Tran, Nam Zettervall, Sara L. Dansey, Kirsten D. Univ Washington Div Vasc Surg 1959 NE Pacific StBox 358811 Seattle WA 98195 USA Texas A&M Coll Med MD PhD Program College Stn TX USA

Objective: Current guidelines recommend treatment of patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis when stroke/death rates less than 3% can be achieved. However, in the Pacific Northwest region of the Vascular Quality Initiative, elevated stroke/death rates have been reported. This study aims to characterize regional and center-specific outcomes for transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) and transfemoral carotid artery stenting (TF-CAS) and investigate potential underlying drivers. Methods: A retrospective review of asymptomatic patients undergoing TCAR and TF-CAS in the Vascular Quality Initiative for the Pacific Northwest region from 2016 to 2022 was performed. The primary outcome was the composite of stroke or death within 30 days of index hospitalization. Overall regional outcomes and center-specific outcomes were assessed. A high stroke/death rate was defined as greater than 3%. Demographics, comorbidities, and operative risk factors were then compared between centers with high and low stroke/death rates. Results: A total of 1154 asymptomatic patients across 27 centers underwent carotid stenting in the Pacific Northwest from 2016 to 2022, of which 886(76.8%) underwent TCAR and 268(23.2%) underwent TF-CAS. The overall stroke/death rates were 2.5% and 3.0% for TCAR and TF-CAS, respectively. Among centers with stroke/death rates above 3%, for both TCAR and TF-CAS, all were in the top one-half of centers by volume. When patients undergoing TCAR were assessed, those treated at centers with high stroke/ death rate underwent revascularization at higher volume centers (12 vs 7 cases per year;P = .03), which treated fewer patients with >80% stenosis (42.1% vs 52.2%;P < .01) and more patients with high-risk anatomy (42.3% vs 35.3%;P = .01), and high-risk physiology as defined by an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class of 4 or 5 (25.5% vs 17.5%;P < .01). Among patients undergoing TF-CAS, those treated at centers with a high stroke/death rate were more lik

关键词： Asymptomatic Carotid artery stenting Patient selection Perioperative outcomes Transcarotid artery revascularization Transfemoral carotid artery stenting

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Source-resolved black carbon and PM2.5 exposures during wildfires and prescribed burns

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 2025年 368卷 125660页

作者： Gili, Jordina Main, Aina van Drooge, Barend L. Viana, Mar Spanish Res Council IDAEA CSIC Inst Environm Assessment & Water Res Barcelona Spain Univ Barcelona PhD Program Analyt Chem & Environm Barcelona Spain Spanish Minist Ecol Transit Pollut Prevent Unit Madrid Spain

Changes in climate and land-use have significantly increased both the frequency and intensity of wildland fires globally, exacerbating the potential for hazardous impacts on human health. A better understanding of particle exposure concentrations and scenarios is crucial for developing mitigation strategies to reduce the health risks. Here, PM2.5 and black carbon (BC) concentrations were monitored during wildland fires between 2022 and 2024, in fire-prone areas in Catalonia (NE Spain), by means of personal monitors (AirBeam2 and Micro-aethalometers AE51 and MA200). Results revealed that exposures to combustion aerosols (PM2.5 and BC) were significant and comparable during wildfires and prescribed burns (mean PM2.5 during wildfires = 152 mu g/m3 vs. 110-145 mu g/m3 for prescribed burns). Overall, BC/PM2.5 ratios showed a large variability as a function of the monitoring scenario, indicating varying contributions from mineral aerosols to the emissions mix originating from fire management and extinction tasks. Specifically, mop-up tasks (final extinction tasks involving stirring top soil using handheld tools) were identified as a significant contributor to PM2.5 exposures, with 1-min PM2.5 peak concentrations reaching up to 1190 mu g/m3. These results may be especially valuable for emissions modelling. Source apportionment of multi-wavelength BC datasets provided deeper insights into emissions and their impact on exposure profiles: line operators (who control the fire perimeter) were predominantly exposed to biomass burning smoke BCbb (61%) when compared to BC from fossil-fuel combustion (BCff = 39%), while torchers (in charge of initiating technical fires using fossil-fuel drip-torches) were predominantly exposed to BCff (77% vs. 23% BCbb). These findings highlight the value of portable monitors in the assessment of wildfire emissions and impacts on human exposure and environment. The combination of these tools, reporting data in real-time and with high time-resolutio

关键词： Aerosols Wildland fire Black carbon Aethalometer model & Aring ngstrom absorption exponent Delta-C

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3D evaluation of bony orbit characteristics in relation to age, sex, and symmetry: a quantitative CT study

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ACTA RADIOLOGICA 2025年

作者： Otu, Ebru Bozkurt, Nureda Nalcaci Ormeci, Tugrul Yuzbasioglu, Neslihan Istanbul Medipol Univ Dept Anat Istanbul Turkiye Istanbul Medipol Univ Grad Sch Hlth Sci Clin Anat PhD Program Istanbul Turkiye Medicana Atakoy Hosp Dept Radiol Istanbul Turkiye

Background Identifying accurate data about the bony orbit features according to age, sex, and symmetry is crucial for the effective treatment of orbital pathologies. Purpose To analyze changes in the dimensions of the orbital aperture and volume of the bony orbit according to age and sex, and to evaluate individual symmetry using 3D computed tomography scans. Material and Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data obtained from 150 Turkish adults (75 men, 75 women) without an orbital pathology. The study sample was categorized into three age groups: 20-39, 40-59, and >= 60 years. We used the 3DSlicer and Syngo software to measure bony orbital volume (BOV) and the dimensions of the orbital aperture. Results The BOV showed no difference between the left and right orbit for each individual, while orbital height and width were significantly different between the two sides (P < 0.05). The mean BOV for both orbits was significantly higher in the >= 60-year age group compared to the 20-39-year age group (P < 0.05). In all age categories, men exhibited a larger BOV than women (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in BOV across age groups for either sex (P > 0.05). However, the direct effect of age on BOV was found to be significant only in women (p < 0.05) Conclusion Our findings indicate a significant relationship between aging and BOV, particularly in women, and individual asymmetry in orbital height and width parameters. These results provide accurate normative data for the diagnosis and treatment of orbital pathologies.

关键词： Orbital volume orbital symmetry orbital reconstruction computed volume measurement sexual dimorphism

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Force monitoring reveals single trial dynamics of motor control in a stop signal task

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PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS 2024年第22期12卷 e70127页

作者： Ramawat, Surabhi Marc, Isabel B. Di Bello, Fabio Bardella, Giampiero Ferraina, Stefano Pani, Pierpaolo Brunamonti, Emiliano Sapienza Univ Dept Physiol & Pharmacol Ple Aldo Moro 5 Rome Italy Sapienza Univ Behav Neurosci PhD Program Rome Italy

The Stop Signal Task (SST) has been the benchmark for studying the behavioral and physiological basis of movement generation and inhibition. In our study, we extended the scope beyond physiological findings related to muscle activity, focusing our analysis on the initial biomechanical state of the effector. By incorporating a force sensitive resistor (FSR), we continuously monitored the force applied by the effector (here, the index finger) during a button release version of the SST. This modified task design allowed us to examine both the baseline force before the relevant Go signal was presented and during the covert state of movement preparation. Notably, variations in force over time in response to the Go signal revealed differences across trials where movement was either generated or successfully inhibited, depending on the amount of force during the baseline period. Specifically, higher baseline force was associated with a delayed movement generation, which, simultaneously slowed down the force release, facilitating successful inhibition when requested. Our results highlight the influence of biomechanical variables in movement control, which should be accounted for by the models developed for investigating the physiology of this ability.

关键词： baseline force effector's biomechanics stop signal reaction time stop signal task

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Integrating Visual SLAM and Smooth Speed Control for Realizing Real-Time Autonomous System 16

Integrating Visual SLAM and Smooth Speed Control for Realizi...

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16th International Conference on Computer and Automation Engineering (ICCAE)

作者： Ko, Mao-Jen Lin, Yu-Chen Cheng, Chih-Hung Thanh-Tan Nguyen Feng Chia Univ Dept Automat Control Engn Taichung Taiwan Feng Chia Univ PhD Program Elect & Commun Engn Taichung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370058;9798350370164

In recent years, the rapid development of autonomous system technology has increasingly positioned it as a crucial player in modern transportation. Appropriate speed planning emerges as one of the key elements for achieving safe and efficient autonomous system operations. Speed planning not only requires adherence to road speed limits and ensuring safe distances to avoid collisions but also necessitates consideration for ensuring passenger comfort. This paper proposes a method that restricts acceleration and jerk to achieve smooth speed control, enabling autonomous system to emulate the driving style of human drivers. Utilizing visual SLAM for feature extraction and matching on images, a sparse point cloud three-dimensional map of the environment is constructed. The recorded path is tracked using the Pure Pursuit algorithm. Finally, this paper will validate the proposed approach through an embedded system deployed in a real vehicle. The integration of visual SLAM and smooth speed control technology realizes a real-time and smooth autonomous system, providing a safer autonomous system experience.

关键词： Autonomous system Smooth Speed Control Visual SLAM Jerk

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A Mold Damage Monitoring Algorithm for Power Metallurgy Molding Machines Using Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory on an Internet of Things Platform

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SENSORS 2025年第7期25卷 2143-2143页

作者： Lin, Hao-Pu Chen, Yuan-Chieh Han, Chin-Chuan Wu, Yu-Chi Lin, Jin-Yuan Natl United Univ PhD Program Mat & Chem Engn Miaoli 360302 Taiwan Natl United Univ Dept Comp Sci & Informat Engn Miaoli 360302 Taiwan Natl United Univ Dept Elect Engn Miaoli 360302 Taiwan

Highlights What are the main findings? Damage to the mold will be reflected in the vibration. The vibration caused by the damaged mold is very small. What are the implications of the main finding? Bidirectional LSTM can be used to determine the mold status through vibration. The accuracy highly depends on the captured data, with a high sampling *** What are the main findings? Damage to the mold will be reflected in the vibration. The vibration caused by the damaged mold is very small. What are the implications of the main finding? Bidirectional LSTM can be used to determine the mold status through vibration. The accuracy highly depends on the captured data, with a high sampling *** In this paper, an analysis and monitoring algorithm is proposed for mold health evaluation using vibration data. Two inertial measurement units (IMUs) and an embedded system are first used to acquire vibration data from a powder metallurgy molding machine. These data are collected on an Internet of Things (IoT) platform using the Message Queueing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. For data analysis, the vibration signal on the Z axis is segmented to label the contact section of the upper and middle molds, and the corresponding vibration data of the stamping friction on the X, Y, and Z axes are extracted. Using only historical vibration data from normal stamping, a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) model with an attention mechanism is trained to predict normal stamping vibrations several minutes in advance. By comparing the predicted stamping vibrations with the observed data at the current time, the mean square errors (MSEs) are calculated to evaluate the health status of the mold. Several ablation experiments were conducted to assess the performance of the trained model. The average MSE values for normal samples and abnormal samples were smaller than 0.5 and larger than 1.0, respectively. The experimental results confirm that the trained prediction mo

关键词： intelligence system vibration data Internet of Things (IoT) deep learning inertial measurement unit (IMU) mean square error

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Performance and Analysis of the Alchemical Transfer Method for Binding-Free-Energy Predictions of Diverse Ligands

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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING 2023年第1期64卷 250-264页

作者： Chen, Lieyang Wu, Yujie Wu, Chuanjie Silveira, Ana Sherman, Woody Xu, Huafeng Gallicchio, Emilio Roivant Sci New York NY 10036 USA Atommap Corp New York NY 10017 USA Psivant Therapeut Boston MA 02210 USA CUNY Brooklyn Coll Dept Chem & Biochem New York NY 11210 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Chem New York NY 10016 USA CUNY Grad Ctr PhD Program Biochem New York NY 10016 USA

The Alchemical Transfer Method (ATM) is herein validated against the relative binding-free energies (RBFEs) of a diverse set of protein-ligand complexes. We employed a streamlined setup workflow, a bespoke force field, and AToM-OpenMM software to compute the RBFEs of the benchmark set prepared by Schindler and collaborators at Merck KGaA. This benchmark set includes examples of standard small R-group ligand modifications as well as more challenging scenarios, such as large R-group changes, scaffold hopping, formal charge changes, and charge-shifting transformations. The novel coordinate perturbation scheme and a dual-topology approach of ATM address some of the challenges of single-topology alchemical RBFE methods. Specifically, ATM eliminates the need for splitting electrostatic and Lennard-Jones interactions, atom mapping, defining ligand regions, and postcorrections for charge-changing perturbations. Thus, ATM is simpler and more broadly applicable than conventional alchemical methods, especially for scaffold-hopping and charge-changing transformations. Here, we performed well over 500 RBFE calculations for eight protein targets and found that ATM achieves accuracy comparable to that of existing state-of-the-art methods, albeit with larger statistical fluctuations. We discuss insights into the specific strengths and weaknesses of the ATM method that will inform future deployments. This study confirms that ATM can be applied as a production tool for RBFE predictions across a wide range of perturbation types within a unified, open-source framework.

关键词： Chemical calculations Electron correlation Free energy Ligands Receptors

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Exact solution of Maxwell-Cattaneo-Vernotte model: Diffusion versus second sound

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APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS 2024年 156卷

作者： Nascimento, J. A. R. Ramos, A. J. A. Campelo, A. D. S. Freitas, M. M. Fed Univ Fac Math Raimundo St ana Sts-n BR-68721000 Salinopolis PA Brazil Fed Univ PhD Program Math Augusto Correa St 01 BR-66075110 Belem PA Brazil

In this work we study the Maxwell-Cattaneo-Vernotte model for heat transport by conduction. We present a methodology to find the exact solution of the model without decoupling the system, so we do not need the restriction (partial derivative T/partial derivative t)(x, 0) = 0. Furthermore, we found a critical value for the thermal relaxation time depending on the physical constants of the system, which allows us to classify heat transport as diffusion or second sound. Finally, we conducted computer simulations and demonstrated that the relaxation time may not be as small as expected for certain initial conditions.

关键词： Exact solution Diffusion Wave speeds Second sound Relaxation time

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Material Rhetorical Infrastructure as Limits and Limiter in small Texas Communities

Material Rhetorical Infrastructure as Limits and Limiter in ...

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IEEE International Professional Communication Conference (ProComm)

作者： Gossi, Drake Booth, Andrew Scott, Maclain Lopez, Vanessa O'Hearn, Nigel Hooker, Tristin Spinuzzi, Clay Univ Texas Austin English PhD Program Austin TX 78712 USA Univ Texas Austin Rhetor & Writing Austin TX USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325508

This paper argues that infrastructure limits the capacity for people in rural areas and small towns to enact meaningful change. To argue this, the authors draw on data they collected together for an IC2-sponsored research project. In the summer of 2021, the authors interviewed 61 leaders in six small towns in Texas, asking them questions about cultural heritage and economic development. In this paper, the authors apply the literature on "infrastructure" to this data and find that four types of infrastructure limit change: land, roads, zoning, and utilities. This paper is of interest to scholars of professional communication because the findings imply that revising infrastructure is the first step toward enacting community justice.

关键词： Community-based research economic development infrastructure material rhetoric rural Texas

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Astrocyte ensembles manipulated with AstroLight tune cue-motivated behavior

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NATURE NEUROSCIENCE 2025年第3期28卷 1-11页

作者： Serra, Irene Martin-Monteagudo, Cristina Sanchez Romero, Javier Quintanilla, Juan P. Ganchala, Danny Arevalo, Maria-Angeles Garcia-Marques, Jorge Navarrete, Marta CSIC Inst Cajal Madrid Spain Autonoma Madrid Univ Cajal Inst PhD Program Neurosci Madrid Spain Inst Salud Carlos III Ctr Invest Biomed Red Fragilidad & Envejecimiento Madrid Spain

Astrocytes, dynamic cells crucial to brain function, have traditionally been overshadowed by the emphasis on neuronal activity in regulating behavior. Unlike neurons, which are organized into ensembles that encode different brain representations, astrocytes have long been considered a homogeneous population. This is partly because of the lack of tools available to map and manipulate specific subsets of astrocytes based on their functional activity, obscuring the extent of their specialization in circuits. Here, using AstroLight, a tool that translates astrocytic activity-mediated calcium signals into gene expression in a light-dependent manner, we have identified an astrocytic ensemble, a functionally specified subset of astrocytes that emerges upon activity during cue-motivated behaviors in the nucleus accumbens, an integrator hub in the reward system. Furthermore, through gain-of-function and loss-of-function manipulations, we demonstrate that this ensemble is essential for modulating cue-reward associations. These findings highlight the specialization of astrocytes into ensembles and their fine-tuning role in shaping salient behavior.

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