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An improved convex programming model for the inverse problem in intensity-modulated radiation therapy

International Journal of Performability Engineering 2018年第5期14卷 871-884页

作者： Lan, Yihua Zhang, Xingang Zhang, Jianyang Wang, Yang Hung, Chih-Cheng School of Computer and Information Technology Nanyang Normal University Nanyang473061 China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanyang Normal University Nanyang473061 China Radiology Department Central Hospital of Nanyang Nanyang473061 China Laboratory for Machine Vision and Security Research College of Computing and Software Engineering Kennesaw State University - Marietta Campus 1100 South Marietta Parkway MariettaGA30067-2896 United States

Intensity modulated radiation therapy technology (IMRT) is one of the main approaches in cancer treatment because it can guarantee the killing of cancer cells while optimally protecting normal tissue from complications. Inverse planning, which is the core component of the entire IMRT system, is mainly based on accurate mathematical modeling and associated fast solving methods. In inverse planning, the fluence map optimization, which considers the multi-leaf collimator (MLC) modulation, is the current research focus. Although the hitting constrain problem with the unidirectional movement of leaf-sweeping has been solved, our goal is to solve the hitting constrain problem with the bidirectional movement of leaf-sweeping. In this study, we propose a non-synchronized type to solve the hitting constrain problem with the bidirectional movement of leaf-sweeping schemes for IMRT. In solving this problem, a new mathematical model is proposed under the framework of convex programming. The advantage of the convex model is to avoid the uncertainty and inaccuracy that occurs in the non-convex programming solving process. Experimental results for two clinical testing cases show that under the same condition of total number of monitoring units, the new proposed model produces better dose distribution than those of the total variance and quadratic models. © 2018 Totem Publisher, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convex optimization

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AIROGS: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ROBUST GLAUCOMA SCREENING CHALLENGE

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： De Vente, Coen Vermeer, Koenraad A. Jaccard, Nicolas Wang, He Sun, Hongyi Khader, Firas Truhn, Daniel Aimyshev, Temirgali Zhanibekuly, Yerkebulan Le, Tien-Dung Galdran, Adrian Ballester, Miguel Ángel González Carneiro, Gustavo Devika, R.G. Hrishikesh, P.S. Puthussery, Densen Liu, Hong Yang, Zekang Kondo, Satoshi Kasai, Satoshi Wang, Edward Durvasula, Ashritha Heras, Jónathan Zapata, Miguel Ángel Araújo, Teresa Aresta, Guilherme Bogunović, Hrvoje Arikan, Mustafa Lee, Yeong Chan Cho, Hyun Bin Choi, Yoon Ho Qayyum, Abdul Razzak, Imran Van Ginneken, Bram Lemij, Hans G. Sánchez, Clara I. Group Informatics Institute Universiteit Van Amsterdam Noord-Holland Amsterdam Netherlands The Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics Amsterdam Umc Locatie Amc Noord-Holland Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Radboudumc Gelderland Nijmegen Netherlands The Rotterdam Ophthalmic Institute Rotterdam Eye Hospital Rotterdam Netherlands Project Orbis International Inc. New York United States The Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China The Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing100053 China The Tsinghua University Beijing China The Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology University Hospital Aachen Aachen Germany Cmc Technologies Llp Nur-Sultan Kazakhstan Kbc Belgium Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain The Australian Institute for Machine Learning Aiml University of Adelaide Australia Icrea Barcelona Spain The Centre for Vision Speech and Signal Processing University of Surrey United Kingdom The College of Engineering Trivandrum India Founding Minds Software India The Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China The Muroran Institute of Technology Japan The Niigata University of Health and Welfare Japan The Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London Canada The Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of la Rioja Spain Hospital Vall Hebron Passeig Roser 126 Sant Cugat del Vallès Barcelona08195 Spain UPRetina Barcelona Spain The Christian Doppler Laboratory for Artificial Intelligence in Retina Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria The Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London United Kingdom The Research Institute for Future Medicine Samsung Medical Center Seoul Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University Samsung Medical Center Seoul Korea Republic of The Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Mayo Clinic Jacks

The early detection of glaucoma is essential in preventing visual impairment. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to analyze color fundus photographs (CFPs) in a cost-effective manner, making glaucoma screening more accessible. While AI models for glaucoma screening from CFPs have shown promising results in laboratory settings, their performance decreases significantly in realworld scenarios due to the presence of out-of-distribution and low-quality images. To address this issue, we propose the Artificial Intelligence for Robust Glaucoma Screening (AIROGS) challenge. This challenge includes a large dataset of around 113,000 images from about 60,000 patients and 500 different screening centers, and encourages the development of algorithms that are robust to ungradable and unexpected input data. We evaluated solutions from 14 teams in this paper, and found that the best teams performed similarly to a set of 20 expert ophthalmologists and optometrists. The highest-scoring team achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.99 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99) for detecting ungradable images on-the-fly. Additionally, many of the algorithms showed robust performance when tested on three other publicly available datasets. These results demonstrate the feasibility of robust AI-enabled glaucoma screening. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diagnosis

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A review of uncertainty quantification in deep learning: Techniques, applications and challenges

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Abdar, Moloud Pourpanah, Farhad Hussain, Sadiq Rezazadegan, Dana Liu, Li Ghavamzadeh, Mohammad Fieguth, Paul Cao, Xiaochun Khosravi, Abbas Rajendra Acharya, U. Makarenkov, Vladimir Nahavandi, Saeid Deakin University Australia College of Mathematics and Statistics Guangdong Key Lab. of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Dibrugarh University Dibrugarh India Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne Australia Center for Machine Vision and Signal Analysis University of Oulu Oulu Finland Google research United States Department of Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Canada State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Ngee Ann Polytechnic Clementi Singapore Department of Computer Science University of Quebec in Montreal MontrealQC Canada

—Uncertainty quantification (UQ) plays a pivotal role in the reduction of uncertainties during both optimization and decision making, applied to solve a variety of real-world applications in science and engineering. Bayesian approximation and ensemble learning techniques are two of the most widely-used UQ methods in the literature. In this regard, researchers have proposed different UQ methods and examined their performance in a variety of applications such as computer vision (e.g., self-driving cars and object detection), image processing (e.g., image restoration), medical image analysis (e.g., medical image classification and segmentation), natural language processing (e.g., text classification, social media texts and recidivism risk-scoring), bioinformatics, etc. This study reviews recent advances in UQ methods used in deep learning, investigates the application of these methods in reinforcement learning, and highlight the fundamental research challenges and directions associated with the UQ field. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： image segmentation

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Network Resilience

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Xueming Li, Daqing Ma, Manqing Szymanski, Boleslaw K. Eugene Stanley, H. Gao, Jianxi Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China College of Safety Science and Engineering Civil Aviation University of China Tianjin 300300 China Department of Computer Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Network Science and Technology Center Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Center for Polymer Studies Department of Physics Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

Many systems on our planet shift abruptly and irreversibly from the desired state to an undesired state when forced across a "tipping point". Some examples are mass extinctions within ecosystems, cascading failures in infrastructure systems, and changes in human and animal social networks. The ability to avoid such regime shifts or to recover quickly from such a non-resilient state demonstrates a system's resilience;system resilience is a quality that enables a system to adjust its activities to retain its basic functionality when errors and failures occur. In the past 50 years, attention has been paid almost exclusively to low-dimensional systems;scholars have focused on the calibration of the resilience functions of such systems and the identification of indicators of early warning signals based on two to three connected components. In recent years, taking advantage of network theory and the availability of lavish real datasets, network scientists have begun to explore real-world complex networked multidimensional systems, as well as their resilience functions and early warning indicators. This report presents a comprehensive review of resilience functions and regime shifts in complex systems in domains such as ecology, biology, society, and infrastructure. The research approach includes empirical observations, experimental studies, mathematical modeling, and theoretical analysis. We also review the definitions of some ambiguous terms, including robustness, resilience, and stability. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Complex networks

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Overview of the CCKS 2019 knowledge graph evaluation track: Entity, relation, event and QA

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Han, Xianpei Wang, Zhichun Zhang, Jiangtao Wen, Qinghua Li, Wenqi Tang, Buzhou Wang, Qi Feng, Zhifan Zhang, Yang Lu, Yajuan Wang, Haitao Chen, Wenliang Shao, Hao Chen, Yubo Liu, Kang Zhao, Jun Wang, Taifeng Zhang, Kezun Wang, Meng Jiang, Yinlin Qi, Guilin Zou, Lei Hu, Sen Zhang, Minhao Lin, Yinnian Chinese Information Processing Laboratory Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China 305 Hospital of People’s Liberation Army Beijing100017 China Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Yidu Cloud Beijing100000 China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Guangdong518055 China Baidu Beijing100193 China School of Computer Science & Technology Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu215006 China Gowild Suzhou Jiangsu215002 China National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Ant Financial Hangzhou Zhejiang310000 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu211189 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network Information Integration Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu211189 China Peking University Beijing100871 China

Knowledge graph models world knowledge as concepts, entities, and the relationships between them, which has been widely used in many real-world tasks. CCKS 2019 held an evaluation track with 6 tasks and attracted more than 1,600 teams. In this paper we give an overview of the knowledge graph evaluation tract at CCKS 2019. By reviewing the task definition, successful methods, useful resources, good strategies and research challenges associated with each task in CCKS 2019, this paper can provide a helpful reference for developing knowledge graph applications and conducting future knowledge graph researches. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge graph

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Towards real-time eyeblink detection in the wild: Dataset, theory and practices

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Hu, Guilei Xiao, Yang Cao, Zhiguo Meng, Lubin Fang, Zhiwen Zhou, Joey Tianyi Yuan, Junsong National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Multi-Spectral Information Processing School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing School of Biomedical Engineering Southern Medical University China School of Energy and Mechanicalelectronic Engineering Hunan University of Humanities Science and Technology China Institute of High Performance Computing A∗STAR Singapore Computer Science and Engineering Department of University at Buffalo State University of New York United States

Effective and real-time eyeblink detection is of widerange applications, such as deception detection, drive fatigue detection, face anti-spoofing. Despite previous efforts, most of existing focus on addressing the eyeblink detection problem under constrained indoor conditions with relative consistent subject and environment setup. Nevertheless, towards practical applications, eyeblink detection in the wild is highly preferred, and of greater challenges. In this paper, we shed the light to this research topic. A labelled eyeblink in the wild dataset (i.e., HUST-LEBW) of 673 eyeblink video samples (i.e., 381 positives, and 292 negatives) is first established. These samples are captured from the unconstrained movies, with the dramatic variation on face attribute, head pose, illumination condition, imaging configuration, etc. Then, we formulate eyeblink detection task as a binary spatial-temporal pattern recognition problem. After locating and tracking human eyes using SeetaFace engine and KCF (Kernelized Correlation Filters) tracker respectively, a modified LSTM model able to capture the multi-scale temporal information is proposed to verify eyeblink. A feature extraction approach that reveals the appearance and motion characteristics simultaneously is also proposed. The experiments on HUSTLEBW reveal the superiority and efficiency of our approach. The comparisons with the existing state-of-the-art methods validate the advantages of our manner for eyeblink detection in the wild. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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A Hybrid Replacement Strategy for MOEA/D 13th

A Hybrid Replacement Strategy for MOEA/D

引用

13th International Conference on Bio-Inspired Computing: Theories and Applications, BIC-TA 2018

作者： Chen, Xiaoji Shi, Chuan Zhou, Aimin Xu, Siyong Wu, Bin Beijing Key Lab of Intelligent Telecommunications Software and Multimedia Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing Department of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai200062 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811328251

In MOEA/D, the replacement strategy plays a key role in balancing diversity and convergence. However, existing adaptive replacement strategies either focus on neighborhood or global replacement strategy, which may have no obvious effects on balance of diversity and convergence in tackling complicated MOPs. In order to overcome this shortcoming, we propose a hybrid mechanism balancing neighborhood and global replacement strategy. In this mechanism, a probability threshold is applied to determine whether to execute a neighborhood or global replacement strategy, which could balance diversity and convergence. Furthermore, we design an offspring generation method to generate the high-quality solution for each subproblem, which can ease mismatch between subproblems and solutions. Based on the classic MOEA/D, we design a new algorithm framework, called MOEA/D-HRS. Compared with other state-of-the-art MOEAs, experimental results show that the proposed algorithm obtains the best performance. © 2018, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Publisher Correction: A skin-integrated multimodal haptic interface for immersive tactile feedback

引用

Nature Electronics 2023年第12期6卷 1041页

作者： Ya Huang Jingkun Zhou Chun Ki Yiu Kuanming Yao Dengfeng Li Jian Li Tsz Hung Wong Yiming Liu Yuyu Gao Xingcan Huang Hu Li Jiyu Li Binbin Zhang Zhenlin Chen Xinge Yu Pingchuan Ke Shaoyu Cai Xingyu Yang Haichen Gao Kening Zhu Xu Guo Zichen Zhao Zhaoqian Xie Yu Zhou Lei Li Huanxi Zheng Zuankai Wang Enming Song Hui Wu Department of Biomedical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering Hong Kong Science Park Hong Kong China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Department of Sociology Hong Kong Shue Yan University Hong Kong China School of Creative Media City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Engineering Design and Innovation Centre College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Department of Engineering Mechanics Dalian University of Technology Dalian China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China National Engineering Research Center of Electric Vehicles Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

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AIM 2019 challenge on real-world image super-resolution: Methods and results

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Lugmayr, Andreas Danelljan, Martin Timofte, Radu Fritsche, Manuel Gu, Shuhang Purohit, Kuldeep Kandula, Praveen Suin, Maitreya Rajagopalan, A.N. Joon, Nam Hyung Won, Yu Seung Kim, Guisik Kwon, Dokyeong Hsu, Chih-Chung Lin, Chia-Hsiang Huang, Yuanfei Sun, Xiaopeng Lu, Wen Li, Jie Gao, Xinbo Bell-Kligler, Sefi Computer Vision Lab ETH Zurich Indian Institute Of Technology Madras India Image Communication & Signal Processing Laboratory Hanyang University Seoul Korea Republic of CVML Chung-Ang University Department Management Information Systems National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng-Kung University Xidian University Weizmann Institute of Science Israel

This paper reviews the AIM 2019 challenge on real world super-resolution. It focuses on the participating methods and final results. The challenge addresses the real world setting, where paired true high and low-resolution images are unavailable. For training, only one set of source input images is therefore provided in the challenge. In Track 1: Source Domain the aim is to super-resolve such images while preserving the low level image characteristics of the source input domain. In Track 2: Target Domain a set of high-quality images is also provided for training, that defines the output domain and desired quality of the superresolved images. To allow for quantitative evaluation, the source input images in both tracks are constructed using artificial, but realistic, image degradations. The challenge is the first of its kind, aiming to advance the state-of-the-art and provide a standard benchmark for this newly emerging task. In total 7 teams competed in the final testing phase, demonstrating new and innovative solutions to the problem. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical resolving power

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Universal enzymatic numerical P systems with small number of enzymatic variables

引用

Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第9期61卷 38-49页

作者： Zhiqiang ZHANG Tingfang WU ANDrei P■UN Linqiang PAN Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control of Education Ministry of China School of Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science Faculty of Mathematics and Computer ScienceUniversity of Bucharest Bioinformatics Department National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences School of Electric and Information Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry

Numerical P systems(for short, NP systems) are distributed and parallel computing models inspired from the structure of living cells and economics. Enzymatic numerical P systems(for short, ENP systems) are a variant of NP systems, which have been successfully applied in designing and implementing controllers for mobile robots. Since ENP systems were proved to be Turing universal, there has been much work to simplify the universal systems, where the complexity parameters considered are the number of membranes, the degrees of polynomial production functions or the number of variables used in the *** the number of enzymatic variables, which is essential for ENP systems to reach universality, has not been investigated. Here we consider the problem of searching for the smallest number of enzymatic variables needed for universal ENP systems. We prove that for ENP systems as number acceptors working in the all-parallel or one-parallel mode, one enzymatic variable is sufficient to reach universality; while for the one-parallel ENP systems as number generators, two enzymatic variables are sufficient to reach *** results improve the best known results that the numbers of enzymatic variables are 13 and 52 for the all-parallel and one-parallel systems, respectively.

关键词： bio-inspired computing numerical P system mobile robot membrane controller universality

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