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Hybrid DWT-DCT algorithm for biomedical image and video compression applications

Hybrid DWT-DCT algorithm for biomedical image and video comp...

引用

International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： Suchitra Shrestha Khan Wahid Multimedia Processing and Prototyping Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Saskatchewan SAS Canada

Digital image and video in their raw form require an enormous amount of storage capacity. Considering the important role played by digital imaging and video in medical and health science, it is necessary to develop a system that produces high degree of compression while preserving critical image/video information. In this paper, we present a hybrid algorithm that performs the discrete cosine transform on the discrete wavelet transform coefficients. Simulation has been carried out on several medical and endoscopic images and videos. The results show that the proposed hybrid algorithm performs much better in term of peak-signal-to-noise-ratio with a higher compression ratio compared to standalone DCT and DWT algorithms. The scheme is intended to be used as the image/video compressor engine in medical imaging and video applications, such as, telemedicine and wireless capsule endoscopy.

关键词： image resolution Larynx Biomedical imaging Quantization Discrete wavelet transforms Computed tomography

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Adaptive Carrier-Sensing for Throughput Improvement in IEEE 802.11 Networks

Adaptive Carrier-Sensing for Throughput Improvement in IEEE ...

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2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010

作者： Ehsan Haghani Michael N. Krishnan Avideh Zakhor Video and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley USA

As a Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) network, the performance of IEEE 802.11 networks highly depends on the accuracy of the carrier sensing procedure. However, conventional carrier sensing approaches suffer from the well known hidden and exposed node problems, adversely affecting aggregate throughput of the IEEE 802.11 networks. In this paper, we propose a novel scheme through which each station can adaptively select its Carrier Sense Threshold (CST) in order to mitigate the hidden/exposed node problems. The basic idea behind our approach is for the Access Point (AP) to periodically transmit a Busy/Idle (BI) signal to all the stations. Individual stations then use the BI signal from the AP together with their own local BI signal in order to adjust their CST. We use NS-2 simulations to show that our approach can enhance the aggregate throughput by as much as 50%.

关键词： Throughput Peer to peer computing Bismuth Energy states Aggregates Sensors Adaptation model

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Comparison of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tractography of diffusion tensor MRI (DT-MRI) in temporal lobe epilepsy

Comparison of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tractography...

引用

2010 18th Iranian Conference on electrical engineering, ICEE 2010

作者： Afzali, Maryam Soltanian-Zadeh, Hamid Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran 14395-515 Iran Image Analysis Laboratory Radiology Department Henry Ford Health System Detroit MI 48202 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424467600

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a neurological disease that affects millions of individuals in the world. Majority of TLE patients suffer from refractory seizures. Determining abnormal/damaged regions of the brain that harbor seizure focus is a critical step towards treatment of TLE patients. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a non-invasive method that we use in this work to determine damaged regions of white matter in the brain. To this end, we apply two methods, voxel based morphometry (VBM) and fiber tracking. We use these methods along with two anisotropy maps (EAR and FA) extracted from the DTI data. We use DTI data of 31 subjects (12 normal subjects and 19 TLE patients) for testing and evaluation studies. The VBM method shows that TLE is associated with reduction of both of FA and EAR values in several regions within the temporal lobes. The tractography method shows abnormal diffusion characteristics in three fiber bundles (fornix, uncinate fasciculus, and cingulum). The results show that the EAR maps are less sensitive to noise than the FA maps and the EAR values change more than the FA values in TLE. ©2010 IEEE.

关键词： Diffusion tensor imaging

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A statistical approach for shadow detection using spatio-temporal contexts

A statistical approach for shadow detection using spatio-tem...

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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： Yiyang Liu Don Adjeroh Video and Image Processing Laboratory Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA Video and Image Processing Laboratory Lane Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering West Virginia University Morgantown WV USA

Background subtraction is an important step used to segment moving regions in surveillance videos. However, cast shadows are often falsely labeled as foreground objects, which may severely degrade the accuracy of object localization and detection. Effective shadow detection is necessary for accurate foreground segmentation, especially for outdoor scenes. Based on the characteristics of shadows, such as luminance reduction, chromaticity invariance and texture invariance, we introduce a nonparametric framework for modeling surface behavior under cast shadows. To each pixel, we assign a potential shadow value with a confidence weight, indicating the probability that the pixel location is an actual shadow point. Given an observed RGB value for a pixel in a new frame, we use its recent spatio-temporal context to compute an expected shadow RGB value. The similarity between the observed and the expected shadow RGB values determines whether a pixel position is a true shadow. Experimental results show the performance of the proposed method on a suite of standard indoor and outdoor video sequences.

关键词： Pixel Light sources Color Lighting Video sequences Context Histograms

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Frame Interpolation Method Based on Adaptive Threshold and Adjacent Pixels

Frame Interpolation Method Based on Adaptive Threshold and A...

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International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and multimedia Signal processing (IIHMSP)

作者： Hyeongchul Oh Joohyun Lee Changki Min Jechang Jeong Image Communication and Signal Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hanyang University Seoul South Korea

This paper presents a frame interpolation algorithm using the motion information of some object within the estimated blocks. The proposed algorithm uses two initial frames that are generated based on the backward and forward frames using the motion vectors. In this process, the occlusion regions are occurred in two initial frames since the optimal block is only selected by threshold. Furthermore, the regions are irregularly appeared because of that the selected block is interpolated on half position between the estimated motion vectors. Two initial frames are merged to interpolate the occlusion regions. Also, the occlusion areas, which are still existence in the merged frame, are interpolated by using the neighboring pixel information and the available data in the occlusion block. In this paper, the experimental results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and the visual quality than the conventional algorithms.

关键词： Pixel PSNR Interpolation Visualization Motion compensation Algorithm design and analysis Motion estimation

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Motion Compensated Frame Interpolation Using Adaptive Adjacency Pixel Information

Motion Compensated Frame Interpolation Using Adaptive Adjace...

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International Conference on computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization, CGIV

We propose an adaptive motion compensated frame interpolation scheme which is capable of developing a frame rate from a lower number into a higher number and a decoded video quality at the decoder. The proposed algorithm utilizes the preliminary frames of the forward and backward directions using bilateral prediction. In the processing of the preliminary frames, an additional interpolation is performed to fill the occlusion areas. If the calculated values between the reference and current frames are larger than the predetermined threshold, the block is chosen as the occlusion area. In addition, we performed a re-search in order to acquire the best blocks, taking into account the number of available adjacent blocks for the occlusion areas. The experimental results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm has better PSNR and visual quality than those of the conventional methods.

关键词： Interpolation Pixel Robustness PSNR Motion estimation Algorithm design and analysis Motion compensation

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Gender estimation based on physiological features of the face

Gender estimation based on physiological features of the fac...

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International Symposium on Signal processing and Its Applications (ISSPA)

作者： C.H. Ting U.U. Sheikh S.A.R Abu-Bakar Computer Vision Video and Image Processing Research Laboratory Department of Microelectronics and Computer Engineering Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia

In this paper, we present a gender estimation technique that will determine whether a person looking at the camera is a male or female. Several facial features extracted from a face are passed to post-image-processing operations before they are sent to a rule-base classifier. We applied our technique to both static passport-like photos as well as several video sequences consisting of a single face each. Our database also contains images of females wearing headscarf as well as bald men. Our initial results showed a very promising outcome. For static face images, we obtained an accuracy of 100% correct gender estimation for females and 98% for males while for video sequences, the accuracy obtained was 87.5% for females and 70% for males.

关键词： Face Hair image resolution Estimation computers Accuracy

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Improved learning in grid-to-grid neural network via clustering

Improved learning in grid-to-grid neural network via cluster...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： W. White K. Iftekharuddin A. Bouzerdoum Intelligent Systems and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Memphis TN USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Memphis TN USA School of Electrical Computer and Telecommunications Engineering University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW Australia

The maze traversal problem involves finding the shortest distance to the goal from any position in a maze. Such maze solving problems have been an interesting challenge in computational intelligence. Previous work has shown that grid-to-grid neural networks such as the cellular simultaneous recurrent neural network (CSRN) can effectively solve simple maze traversing problems better than other iterative algorithms such as the feedforward multi layer perceptron (MLP). In this work, we investigate improved learning for the CSRN maze solving problem by exploiting relevant information about the maze. We cluster parts of the maze using relevant state information and show an improvement in learning performance. We also study the effect of the number of clusters on the learning rate for the maze solving problem. Furthermore, we investigate a few code optimization techniques to improve the run time efficiency. The outcome of this research may have direct implication in rapid search and recovery, disaster planning and autonomous navigation among others.

关键词： Euclidean distance Kalman filters Training Navigation Artificial neural networks Testing

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A LOW COMPLEXITY METHOD FOR DETECTION OF TEXT AREA IN NATURAL imageS

A LOW COMPLEXITY METHOD FOR DETECTION OF TEXT AREA IN NATURA...

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing

作者： Katherine L. Bouman Golnaz Abdollahian Mireille Boutin Edward J. Delp Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA Video and Image Processing Laboratory (VIPER) School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424442959

We propose a low complexity method for segmentation of text regions in natural images. This algorithm is designed for mobile applications (e.g. unmanned or hand-held devices) in which computational and energy resources are limited. No prior assumption is made regarding the text size, font, language, character set or the camera angle. However, the text is assumed to be located on a piecewise homogeneous background with a contrasting color. We have deployed our method on a Nokia N800 Internet tablet as part of a system for automatic detection and translation of outdoor signs. Our experiments show that the 0.3 megapixel images taken by the phone camera can be accurately segmented within the device in a fraction of a second.

关键词： Text Detection Text Segmentation Sign Detection Mobile Devices Mobile devices text segmentation images lens angle hand-held equipment Mobile Applications UNMANNED automatic detection Energy sources

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Bacterial Foraging Algorithm for neutron radiography image quality improvement

Bacterial Foraging Algorithm for neutron radiography image q...

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IEEE SSD International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals and Devices

作者： S. Saadi A. Kouzou A. Guessoum M. Bettayeb University Ziane Achour of Djelfa Algeria Department of Electronics Signal and image Processing Laboratory USDB Burgas Algeria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Sharjah UAE

We want to implement a new optimal approach for image restoration problem, which is useful for neutron radiography images enhancement to assist the physician interpreter on his evaluation. Our approach is based on using swarm intelligence optimization algorithms to solve a least squares minimization ill-posed problem, using Bacterial Foraging Optimization (BFO) Algorithm. To get smoothed images in presence of noise, a Laplacian constraint is introduced for regularization purpose.

关键词： Wiener filter image restoration Radiography Strontium

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