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检索条件"机构=Image Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering"

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Generalized orthogonal subspace projection approach to multispectral image classification 4

Generalized orthogonal subspace projection approach to multi...

引用

image and Signal processing for Remote Sensing IV 1998

作者： Ren, Hsuan Chang, Chein-I Remote Sensing Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle BaltimoreMD21250 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819429599

Orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) has been successfully applied to hyperspectral image processing. In order for OSP to be effective, the number of bands must be no less than that of signatures to be classified so that there are sufficient dimensions to accommodate individual signatures to discriminate one another via orthogonal projection. This intrinsic constraint is not an issue for hyperspectral images since they generally have hundreds of bands which are more than the number of signatures resident within images. It, however, may not be true for multispectral images where the number of signatures to be classified is greater than the number of bands such as 3-band SPOT images. This paper presents a generalization of OSP, called generalized OSP (GOSP) to relax this constraint in such a fashion that OSP can be extended to multispectral image processing in an unsupervised fashion. The idea of GOSP is to create new additional band images nonlinearly from original multispectral images so as to achieve sufficient dimensionality prior to OSP classification. It is then followed by an unsupervised OSP classifier, called automatic target detection and classification algorithm (ATDCA) for classification. The effectiveness of the proposed GOSP is evaluated by a 3-band SPOT and a 4-band Landsat MSS images. The experimental results has shown that GOSP significantly improves the classification performance of OSP. © 1998 SPIE.

关键词： Landsat

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Sonar resolution-based environment mapping 15

Sonar resolution-based environment mapping

引用

15th IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 1998

作者： Cahut, Leyla Vlavanis, Kimon P. Delic, Hakan Robotics and Automation Laboratory Center for and Advanced Computer Studies University of Southwestern Louisiana LafayetteLA70504 United States Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering BogaziCi University Bebek 80815 Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)078034300X

Ultrasonic range sensors are used to obtain the information required for collision-free navigation of a mobile robot in a semi-structured or unstructured environment. A set of range readings from a ring of sonars are correlated to acquire a 2D map of the robot's environment. The map is continuously enhanced via novel matching and update algorithms as new data are collected while the robot is in motion. The algorithm utilizes confidence measures that are directly obtained from the sonar's resolution or accuracy. There are no additional modeling assumptions and the approach is robust. The algorithms are experimentally tested on the Nomad 200 mobile robot and Nomad's Cognos Software Development Package. © 1998 IEEE.

关键词： Software testing

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Novel surface registration using the grid closest point (GCP) transform

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IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： S.M. Yamany M.N. Ahmed E.E. Hemayed A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818688211

A novel approach has been developed for fast registration of two sets of 3-D curves or surfaces. The technique is an extension of Besl and Mackay's (1992) iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm. This technique solves the computational complexity associated with the ICP algorithm by applying a novel grid closest point (GCP) transform and a genetic algorithm to minimize the cost function. A detailed description of the algorithm is presented along with a comparison of its performance versus several registration techniques. Two applications are presented in this paper. In the first, the algorithm is used to register 2-D head contours extracted from CT/MRI data to correct for possible mis-alignment caused by motion artifacts during scanning. In the second, the algorithm is used to register 3-D segments of the human jaw obtained using the shape from shading technique. Registration using the GCP/GA technique is found to be significantly faster and of comparable accuracy than two popular techniques in the computer vision and medical imaging literature.

关键词： Iterative algorithms Iterative closest point algorithm Computational complexity Genetic algorithms Cost function Head Data mining Computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Registers

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Vector set partitioning with classified successive refinement VQ for embedded wavelet image coding

Vector set partitioning with classified successive refinemen...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： D. Mukherjee S.K. Mitra Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT), proposed by Said and Pearlman [1996], is generally regarded as a very efficient wavelet-based still image compression scheme. The algorithm uses an efficient, joint scanning and bit-allocation mechanism for quantizing the scalar wavelet coefficients, and produces a perfectly embedded bitstream. This work extends set partitioning to scan vectors of wavelet coefficients, and uses successive refinement VQ techniques such as multistage and tree-structured VQ, to quantize several wavelet coefficients at once. The new scheme is named VSPIHT (Vector SPIHT). Coding results are presented to demonstrate that the vector-based approach (without arithmetic coding) surpasses the scalar counterpart (also without arithmetic coding), in the mean-squared-error sense, for most images at low bitrates. The superiority of the vector-based approach is more pronounced for images that are generally regarded as difficult to code (such as Barbara) because of a large amount of detail.

关键词： image coding Wavelet coefficients Quantization Frequency Arithmetic Filters Decoding Bit rate image processing Laboratories

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A system for human jaw modeling using intra-oral images

A system for human jaw modeling using intra-oral images

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： S.M. Yamany A.A. Farag Computer Vision and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering University of Louisville Louisville KY USA

A novel integrated system is developed to obtain a record of the patient's occlusion using computer vision. Data acquisition is obtained using intra-oral video camera. A modified Shape from Shading (SFS) technique using perspective projection and camera calibration is then used to extract accurate 3D information from a sequence of 2D images of the jaw. A novel technique for 3D data registration using Grid Closest Point (GCP) transform and genetic algorithms (GA) is used to register the output of the SFS stage. Triangulization is then performed, and a solid 3D model is obtained via a rapid prototype machine. The overall purpose of this research is to develop a model-based vision system for orthodontics that will replace traditional approaches and can be used in diagnosis, treatment planning, surgical simulation and implant purposes.

关键词： Humans Cameras computer vision Data acquisition Shape Calibration Data mining Genetic algorithms Solid modeling Prototypes

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Reconstruction of motion vector missing macroblocks in H.263 encoded video transmission over lossy networks

Reconstruction of motion vector missing macroblocks in H.263...

引用

IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： S. Shirani F. Kossentini R. Ward Signal Processing and Multimedia Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada

Errors caused by loss of coded data can seriously affect an H.263 decoded image sequence. Several scenarios may occur that include: (1) loss of macroblocks in I or P frames, and (2) loss of motion vectors of macroblocks in P frames. The missing macroblocks in I and P frames can be reasonably reconstructed by exploiting the correlation between adjacent macroblocks. Existing methods which reconstruct the motion vector of a macroblock rely on existing motion vectors of surrounding macroblocks, and the results are not always satisfactory. A novel reconstruction technique for restoration of macroblocks with missing motion vectors is proposed. This method exploits the image continuity inside and across the borders of the macroblocks. Simulation results indicate that the performance of the proposed algorithm is good, both subjectively and objectively.

关键词： image reconstruction Decoding image sequences image restoration

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Reversible wavelet and spectral transforms for lossless compression of color images

引用

IEEE International Conference on image processing

作者： N. Strobel S.K. Mitra B.S. Manjunath Signal and Image Processing Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0818688211

A new lossless image compression method for progressive-resolution transmission of color images is proposed. It is based on spatial and spectral transforms. Reversible wavelet transforms are performed across the red, green, and blue color components first. Then adaptive spectral transforms are applied to the associated color subbands. Simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can achieve bit rates that are about 20% lower than results obtained with comparable lossless image compression techniques supporting progressive-resolution transmission.

关键词： Wavelet transforms image coding Color Decorrelation Signal resolution Propagation losses image storage Signal processing image processing Laboratories

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An interference rejection approach to noise adjusted principal components transform

An interference rejection approach to noise adjusted princip...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Chein-I Chang Qian Du Remote Sensing Signal and Image processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780344030

A signal-to-noise ratio based PCA approach, called maximum noise fraction (MNF) transformation or noise adjusted principal components (NAPC) transform PCA was previously developed to arrange principal components in decreasing order of image quality rather than data variance as done for PCA. One of major disadvantages of this approach is that the noise covariance matrix must be estimated accurately from the data a priori. Another is that the factor of interference is not taken into account in MNF or NAPC where the effect of interference tends to be more serious than noise in hyperspectral images. In this paper, these two problems are addressed by considering the interference as a separate unwanted signal source from which an interference rejection approach to noise adjusted principal components transform (IRNAPC) can be developed in a similar manner that the NAPC was derived. It is shown that if interference is taken care of properly, IRNAPC significantly improves NAPC. Additionally, interference annihilation also improves the estimation of the noise covariance matrix.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Covariance matrix Principal component analysis Hyperspectral imaging Multispectral imaging Object detection Interference suppression Remote sensing Signal processing image processing

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Unsupervised linear unmixing Kalman filtering approach to signature extraction and estimation for remotely sensed imagery

Unsupervised linear unmixing Kalman filtering approach to si...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： C. Brumbley Chein-I Chang Remote Sensing Signal and Image processing Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore MD USA

Linear Unmixing Kalman Filtering (LUKF) approach was recently developed which incorporates the concept of linear unmixing into Kalman filtering so as to achieve signature abundance estimation, subpixel detection and classification for remotely sensed images. However, LUKF assumes a complete knowledge of the signature matrix used in the linear mixture model. In this paper, the LUKF is extended to an unsupervised LUKF where no knowledge about the signature matrix is required a priori. The unsupervised learning method proposed for the ULUKF is derived from a vector quantization-based clustering algorithm. It employs a nearest-neighbor rule to group potential signatures resident within an image scene into a class of distinct clusters whose centers represent different types of signatures. These clusters' centers are then used as if they were true signatures in the signature matrix LUKF. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of ULUKF, HYDICE images were used for assessment. The results produced by ULUKF show that subpixel detection and classification can be performed.

关键词： Kalman filters Nonlinear filters Filtering Vector quantization Clustering algorithms Iterative algorithms State estimation Remote sensing Signal processing image processing

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image region extraction for content-based image retrieval 9

Image region extraction for content-based image retrieval

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9th European Signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 1998

作者： Androutsos, D. Plataniotis, K.N. Venetsanopoulos, A.N. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Digital Signal and Image Processing Laboratory University of Toronto 10 King's College Road TorontoONMoS3G4 Canada Ryerson Polytechnic University 350 Victoria Street Toronto ONM5B2K3 Canada

We present a technique for coarsely extracting the regions of natural color images which contain directional detail, e.g.. edges, texture, etc.. and smooth color regions. which we then use for image database indexing. As a measure of color activity, we use a perceptually modified distance measure based on the sum-of-Angles criterion. We then apply histogram thresholding techniques to separate the image into smooth color regions and busy regions where edge, texture and color activity exists. Color segmentation is performed on the smooth areas using HSV histogram techniques, to obtain image regions with one dominant average color. Database indices are then created from the busy regions using the directional detail histogram technique along with the color vectors representing the segmented smooth areas. image retrieval is then performed using the histogram intersection method for the detailed areas and color vector distance measures are utilized for retrieval of the smooth color regions.

关键词： Color

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