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Applications of artificial intelligence to lipid nanoparticle delivery

Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 88-97页

作者： Ye Yuan Yuqi Wu Jiabei Cheng Kaiyuan Yang Yilin Xia Hongguang Wu Xiaoyong Pan Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityKey Laboratory of System Control and Information ProcessingMinistry of Education of ChinaChina Songjiang Research Institute Songjiang District Central HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina

Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)are nanocarriers composed of four lipid components and can be used for gene therapy,protein replacement,and vaccine ***,LNPs also face several challenges,such as toxicity,immune activation,and low delivery *** overcome these challenges,artificial intelligence can be used to optimize the design and formulation of LNPs,as well as to predict their properties and ***,antibody-targeted conjugation can be used to enhance the specificity and selectivity of LNPs by attaching an antibody that recognizes a specific antigen on the cell surface to LNPs.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Lipid nanoparticles Antibody Targeted conjugation

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ChromTR:chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images via deformable transformers

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第6期18卷 1100-1114页

作者： Chao Xia Jiyue Wang Xin You Yaling Fan Bing Chen Saijuan Chen Jie Yang Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China Shanghai Institute of Hematology State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsNational Research Center for Translational Medicine at ShanghaiRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China

Chromosome karyotyping is a critical way to diagnose various hematological malignancies and genetic diseases,of which chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images is the most critical and challenging *** this work,focusing on the joint optimization of chromosome localization and classification,we propose ChromTR to accurately detect and classify 24 classes of chromosomes in raw metaphase cell *** incorporates semantic feature learning and class distribution learning into a unified DETR-based detection ***,we first propose a Semantic Feature Learning Network(SFLN)for semantic feature extraction and chromosome foreground region segmentation with object-wise ***,we construct a Semantic-Aware Transformer(SAT)with two parallel encoders and a Semantic-Aware decoder to integrate global visual and semantic *** provide a prediction with a precise chromosome number and category distribution,a Category Distribution Reasoning Module(CDRM)is built for foreground-background objects and chromosome class distribution *** evaluate ChromTR on 1404 newly collected R-band metaphase images and the public G-band dataset *** proposed ChromTR outperforms all previous chromosome detection methods with an average precision of 92.56%in R-band chromosome detection,surpassing the baseline method by 3.02%.In a clinical test,ChromTR is also confident in tackling normal and numerically abnormal *** extended to the chromosome enumeration task,ChromTR also demonstrates state-of-the-art performances on R-band and G-band two metaphase image *** these superior performances to other methods,our proposed method has been applied to assist clinical karyotype diagnosis.

关键词： chromosome detection deformable transformer metaphase cell image distribution reasoning

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OCF-Layout2Img: Object-Wise Constraint Free Layout to image Generation 23

OCF-Layout2Img: Object-Wise Constraint Free Layout to Image ...

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15th International Conference on Digital image processing, ICDIP 2023

作者： Lin, Xiao Liu, Bin He, Zhifen Wang, Kang Li, Bo School of Mathematics and Information Science Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Hangkong University China Jiangxi Science and Technology Infrastructure Center Jiangxi Computing Center China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400708237

Complex scene generation is an important and challenging image synthesis task. Though latent space based conditional generative methods get impressive results, the accurate locating of objects for more detailed situation and editable contiguous synthesis are still a snag. In addition, previous methods with spatial awareness are easy to lose the location information after a series fusion operation. Focusing on such kind of problems, in this paper we propose an object-wise constraint free and location-lossless way of layout embedding by combining VAE and recent high performance VQGAN to achieve a location accurate and stable synthesis for layouts of complex scene. Instead of conditioning on layout, we apply a pretrained VQGAN to define the latent space and project every region of layout to image latent space directly by aligning their distribution with a novel light Cross-VAE structure. Then the quantization and decoder of VQGAN are reused for synthesis. This VAE plugged into VQGAN framework, which is called Layout-DVGAN in this paper. Experimental results demonstrate our method has competitive performance compared with the approaches which applied explicit spatial awareness way. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Location

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Deep Learning Based Neovascularization Detection in Color Fundus Photography image 23

Deep Learning Based Neovascularization Detection in Color Fu...

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9th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence, ICCAI 2023

作者： Guo, Tianjiao Yang, Jie Yu, Qi Institute of Medical Robotics Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Department of Automation School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Ophthalmology Shanghai General Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399029

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has already been one of the leading causes of vision loss. A large number of researches about deep learning-based DR screening using color retinal photography images have been proposed in recent years. However, existing works mainly concentrated on non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) lesions. The exploration of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) lesion, which is more serious, is still insufficient. In this paper, we explored into one typical PDR lesion named neovascularization (NV). We collected and annotated retinal images from public and private datasets to construct and release a new dataset for NV detection. Three tasks including segmentation, detection, and grading were conducted on our dataset by using a set of state-of-the-art deep learning models. The results show that introducing NV detection can benefit DR grading. However, the segmentation and detection of NV are still challenging and have considerable room for improvement. © 2023 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Color

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GRC-Net: Grouping Guided R-band Chromosome recognition Network 24

GRC-Net: Grouping Guided R-band Chromosome Recognition Netwo...

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10th International Conference on Computing and Artificial Intelligence, ICCAI 2024

作者： Xia, Chao Liu, Wei Liu, Zhao Jiang Chen, Bing Yang, Jie Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Institute of Hematology State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics National Research Center for Translational Medicine at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717055

Chromosome recognition is a critical and time-consuming process in karyotyping, especially for R-band chromosomes with poor visualization quality. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end grouping guided R-band chromosome recognition method GRC-Net. GRC-Net serves the chromosome recognition task as the main task and takes the chromosome length grouping task and centromere position grouping task as auxiliary tasks. Two auxiliary modules, Chromosome Length Grouping Module (CLGM) and Centromere Position Grouping Model (CPGM), are designed to extract the task-specific feature and refine the feature map of the main task. A large-scale R-band chromosome dataset with 1735 cases was collected. Experiment results on the 423 testing cases show that the proposed GRC-Net gets the highest accuracy of 96.87%, outperforming the baseline by 2.24%. With grouping task-guided feature extraction, GRC-Net reduces approximately 50% of the inter-group misclassification. The proposed GRC-Net can serve as a general framework for incorporating the domain knowledge into the process of feature learning, meanwhile, a powerful tool to assist clinical chromosome karyotyping. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Feature extraction

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MixerSR: A New Feature Extraction Paradigm for Single image Super-Resolution 23

MixerSR: A New Feature Extraction Paradigm for Single Image ...

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15th International Conference on Digital image processing, ICDIP 2023

作者： Ding, Hui Chen, Weifeng He, Zhifen Li, Bo Liu, Bin Wang, Kang School of Mathematics and Information Science Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang China Jiangxi Science and Technology Infrastructure Center and Jiangxi Computing Center Jiangxi Computing Center Nanchang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400708237

Single-image super-resolution (SR) tasks have achieved fancy success in recent years by leveraging deep convolution neural network (CNN). Although CNNs obtain powerful representation capabilities of reconstructing a high-resolution (HR) image from its corresponding low-resolution (LR) observation, it is hard to apply these accomplishments to real world for its large number of parameters that bring about huge computing resource cost. To solve this problem, many researchers turn their directions to lightening the network by delicate designs while keeping the performance in the high level. In this paper, we propose a new method to further reduce the parameters by using the new feature extraction paradigm called Mixer which only contains Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). Compared to convolutional operations, Mixer operation has the same representation capabilities with fewer parameters. In this paper, three typical lightweight networks, where we replace the convolutional operation with Mixer, are used to show the excellent ability. Our experimental results demonstrate that Mixer can help these lightweight networks further reduce the number of parameters by up to 38% while keep their performance in the same level. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Feature extraction

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Element-Wise Layer Normalization for Continuous Signal Representation 23

Element-Wise Layer Normalization for Continuous Signal Repre...

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15th International Conference on Digital image processing, ICDIP 2023

作者： Chen, Weifeng Ding, Hui He, Zhifen Li, Bo Liu, Bin Wang, Kang School of Mathematics and Information Science Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Nanchang Hangkong University Nanchang China Jiangxi Science and Technology Infrastructure Center Jiangxi Computing Center Jiangxi Computing Center Nanchang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400708237

Implicit neural representation (INR), sometimes also referred to coordinate-based representation or fitting, has gained the state-of-the-art performance in numerous research fields including computer vision and computer graphics due to the powerful continuous representation ability. Recent researches indicate that Fourier embedding is critical for INR to fit realistic images with high-frequency details. However, is Fourier embedding all we need for high-frequency coordinate (image) fitting? In this paper, we revisit the problem of coordinate fitting from a novel perspective of distribution mapping. Fourier embedding, as a preprocessing step of coordinate fitting, essentially performs the operation of mapping the uniform coordinate distribution to a normal distribution, and makes the learning of mapping function between two similar smooth distribution become easier. However, the number of discrete Fourier basis function affects the fitting performance dramatically and cannot be determined automatically. Based on the above analysis, a simple yet efficient INR coordinate fitting method is proposed in this paper, which demonstrates that the Fourier embedding is not the only way to improve INR. The proposed method only adds an element-wise layer normalization (ELN) module to the vanilla multi-layer perception (MLP) with ReLU activation. Experimental results on public database demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods using Fourier embedding. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Mapping

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An improved image segmentation algorithm based on MRF and Sobel operator 12

An improved image segmentation algorithm based on MRF and So...

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SPIE 12th International Symposium on Multispectral image processing and pattern recognition, MIPPR 2023

作者： Gao, Yao Tian, Keyun Zhu, Cheng Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition China Hubei Engineering Research Center of Video Image and HD Projection China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674943

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674936

In response to the issues of over-segmentation, excessive noise, and suboptimal segmentation results commonly encountered in existing image segmentation algorithms based on Markov Random Fields (MRF), this paper proposes an enhanced image segmentation algorithm that integrates MRF with the Sobel operator. The algorithm begins by performing an initial segmentation of the image using a Markov Random Field (MRF)-based method. Subsequently, an enhanced Sobel operator is employed to eliminate noise points and extract fine edge details from the image. Finally, the segmentation result is refined through pixel-wise operations with the edge detection result, resulting in the ultimate segmentation output. The evaluation of segmentation performance is conducted using the Dice coefficient and Mean Hausdorff Distance as assessment metrics. Through experimental analysis, the method in this paper can improve the segmentation effect of the traditional MRF segmentation algorithm, and has better performance and higher adaptivity. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： image segmentation

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Photovoltaic panel string detection based on prior knowledge and feature learning 12

Photovoltaic panel string detection based on prior knowledge...

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SPIE 12th International Symposium on Multispectral image processing and pattern recognition, MIPPR 2023

作者： Li, Bolin Cheng, Bolin Ye, Liang Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition China Hubei Engineering Research Center of Video Image and HD Projection China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674943

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674936

image-based photovoltaic panel inspection has become one of the important tasks of photovoltaic power generation. Due to the repeated patterns of photovoltaic string numbers and different specifications, it is easy to cause false detection by traditional template matching or model training methods. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a photovoltaic panel string detection method based on prior knowledge and feature learning. First, the infrared inspection image is segmented for the first time by using the difference in radiation characteristics between the photovoltaic string and the environmental background. Subsequently, according to the local features of the border around the PV string template image, feature matching is performed in the segmented foreground area, and then determine the exact position of the string through the closure and integrity of the matching area. Experiments show that this method has high detection accuracy and has good adaptability to complex and diverse string specifications. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Inspection

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Defect detection of photovoltaic panel based on morphological segmentation 12

Defect detection of photovoltaic panel based on morphologica...

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SPIE 12th International Symposium on Multispectral image processing and pattern recognition, MIPPR 2023

作者： Cheng, Bolin Li, Bolin Ye, Liang Hubei Key Laboratory of Optical Information and Pattern Recognition China Hubei Engineering Research Center of Video Image and HD Projection China School of Electrical and Information Engineering Wuhan Institute of Technology Wuhan430205 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510674943

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674936

The automatic inspection of photovoltaic panels based on infrared images is one of the important tasks in the daily maintenance of photovoltaic panels in photovoltaic power plants. In this paper, a defect detection method of infrared thermal image photovoltaic panel based on morphological segmentation is proposed. First of all, according to the infrared characteristics of the photovoltaic plant station and the morphological characteristics of the photovoltaic panel, the accurate region of each photovoltaic panel is determined in the inspection image. Then, statistical method is used for feature analysis to determine whether there are defects in photovoltaic panels, and then the defective photovoltaic panels are segmented and different defects are classified according to morphological characteristics, and finally the defect detection and classification of photovoltaic panels are realized. Through the experiment in the actual inspection image of photovoltaic plant station, it is verified that the proposed method has a high accuracy of defect detection and recognition. © COPYRIGHT SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

关键词： Morphology

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