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Improved head-driven statistical models for natural language parsing

Journal of Central South University 2013年第10期20卷 2747-2752页

作者：袁里驰 School of Information Technology Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Data and Knowledge Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics

Head-driven statistical models for natural language parsing are the most representative lexicalized syntactic parsing models, but they only utilize semantic dependency between words, and do not incorporate other semantic information such as semantic collocation and semantic category. Some improvements on this distinctive parser are presented. Firstly, "valency" is an essential semantic feature of words. Once the valency of word is determined, the collocation of the word is clear, and the sentence structure can be directly derived. Thus, a syntactic parsing model combining valence structure with semantic dependency is purposed on the base of head-driven statistical syntactic parsing models. Secondly, semantic role labeling(SRL) is very necessary for deep natural language processing. An integrated parsing approach is proposed to integrate semantic parsing into the syntactic parsing process. Experiments are conducted for the refined statistical parser. The results show that 87.12% precision and 85.04% recall are obtained, and F measure is improved by 5.68% compared with the head-driven parsing model introduced by Collins.

关键词： valence structure semantic dependency head-driven statistical syntactic parsing semantic role labeling

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Efficient compressed index for top-k spatial keyword query

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Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software 2014年 25卷 157-168页

作者： Zhou, Xin Zhang, Xiao An, Run-Gong Xue, Zhong-Bin Wang, Shan Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of the Ministry of Education Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China School of Information Renmin University Beijing100872 China

Location-Based services guide a user to find the object which provides services located in a particular position or region (e.g., looking for a coffee shop near a university). Given a query location and multiple keywords, location-based services return the most relevant objects ranked according to location proximity and text relevancy. Various hybrid indexes have been proposed in recent years which combine R-tree and inverted index to improve query efficiency. Unfortunately, the state-of-the-art approaches require more space in order to reduce response time. Cache mechanism is inefficient due to huge storage overhead. In this paper, a novel index based on index compressed technology (CSTI) is proposed, to answer top-k SKQ. CSTI significantly reduces storage overhead (by at least 80%), while maintaining efficient query performance. Extensive experiments based on real dataset and simulated dataset confirm CSTI is effective and efficient. ©2014 ISCAS.

关键词： Location

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Efficient SPARQL query evaluation via automatic data partitioning

Efficient SPARQL query evaluation via automatic data partiti...

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18th International Conference on database Systems for Advanced Applications, DASFAA 2013

作者： Yang, Tao Chen, Jinchuan Wang, Xiaoyan Chen, Yueguo Du, Xiaoyong School of Information Renmin University of China China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China MOE China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374494

The volume of RDF data increases very fast within the last five years, e.g. the Linked Open data cloud grows from 2 billions to 50 billions of RDF triples. With its wonderful scalability, cloud computing platform like Hadoop is a good choice for processing queries over large data sets. Previous works on evaluating SPARQL queries with Hadoop mainly focus on reducing the number of joins through careful split of HDFS files and algorithms for generating Map/Reduce jobs. However, the way of partitioning RDF data could also affect the performance. Specifically, a good partitioning will greatly reduce or even totally avoid cross-node joins and significantly reduce the cost of query evaluation. Based on HadoopDB, this work processes SPARQL queries in a hybrid architecture where Map/Reduce takes charge of the computing tasks and an RDF query engine, RDF-3X, stores the data and evaluates join operations over local data. Based on analysis of query work-loads, we propose a novel algorithm for automatically partitioning RDF data. We also present an approximate solution to physically place the partitions in order to reduce data redundancy. All the proposed approaches are evaluated by extensive experiments over large RDF data sets. © Springer-Verlag 2013.

关键词： Resource Description Framework (RDF)

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ASAWA: An automatic partition key selection strategy

ASAWA: An automatic partition key selection strategy

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15th Asia-Pacific Web Conference on Web Technologies and Applications, APWeb 2013

作者： Wang, Xiaoyan Chen, Jinchuan Du, Xiaoyong School of Information Renmin University of China China School of Information and Electrical Engineering Ludong University China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374005

With the rapid increase of data volume, more and more applications have to be implemented in a distributed environment. In order to obtain high performance, we need to carefully divide the whole dataset into multiple partitions and put them into distributed data nodes. During this process, the selection of partition key would greatly affect the overall performance. Nevertheless, there are few works addressing this topic. Most previous projects on data partitioning either utilize a simple strategy, or rely on a commercial database system, to choose partition keys. In this work, we present an automatic partition key selection strategy called ASAWA. It chooses partition keys according to the analysis on both dataset and workload schemas. In this way, intimate tuples, i.e. co-appearing in queries frequently, would be probably put into the same partition. Hence the cross-node joins could be greatly reduced and the system performance could be improved. We conduct a series of experiments over the TPC-H datasets to illustrate the effectiveness of the ASAWA strategy. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： data handling

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TYG: A tag-as-you-go online annotation tool for web browsing and navigation

TYG: A tag-as-you-go online annotation tool for web browsing...

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6th International Conference on knowledge Science, engineering and Management, KSEM 2013

作者： Hu, He Du, Xiaoyong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE Beijing 100872 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642397868

We present TYG (Tag-as-You-Go) in this paper, a chrome browser extension for personal knowledge annotation on standard web pages. We investigate an approach to combine a K-Medoid-style clustering algorithm with the user input to achieve semi-automatic web page annotation. The annotation process supports user-defined tagging schema and comprises an automatic mechanism that is built upon clustering techniques, which can group similar html nodes into clusters corresponding to the user specification. TYG is a prototype system illustrating the proposed approach. Experiments with TYG show that our approach can achieve both efficiency and effectiveness in real world annotation scenarios. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Websites

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FARP: Mining fuzzy association rules from a probabilistic quantitative database

FARP: Mining fuzzy association rules from a probabilistic qu...

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作者： Pei, Bin Zhao, Suyun Chen, Hong Zhou, Xuan Chen, Dingjie Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE Beijing 100872 China School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China

Current studies on association rule mining focus on finding Boolean/quantitative association rules from certain databases or Boolean association rules from probabilistic databases. However, little work on mining association rules from probabilistic quantitative databases has been mentioned because the simultaneous measurement of quantitative information and probability is difficult. By introducing a novel Shannon-like Entropy, we aggregate and measure the information contained in an item with the coexistence of fuzzy uncertainty hidden in quantitative values and random uncertainty. We then propose Support and Confidence metrics for a fuzzy-probabilistic database to quantify association rules. Finally, we design an algorithm, called FARP (mining Fuzzy Association Rules from a Probabilistic quantitative data), to discover frequent fuzzy-probabilistic itemsets and fuzzy association rules using the proposed interest measures. The experimental results show the effectiveness of our method and its practicality in real-world applications. © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Entropy

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Cluster labeling extraction and ranking feature selection for high quality XML pseudo relevance feedback fragments set

Cluster labeling extraction and ranking feature selection fo...

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9th International Conference on Advanced data Mining and Applications, ADMA 2013

作者： Zhong, Minjuan Wan, Changxuan Liu, Dexi Liao, Shumei Luo, Siwen School of Information Technology Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Data and Knowledge Engineering Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics Nanchang China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642539169

In traditional pseudo feedback, the main reason of the topic drift is the low quality of the feedback source. Clustering search results is an effective way to improve the quality of feedback set. For XML data, how to effectively perform clustering algorithm and then identify good xml fragments from the clustering results is a intricate problem. This paper mainly focus on the latter problem. Based on k-mediod clustering results, This work firstly proposes an cluster label extraction method to select candidate relevant clusters. Secondly, multiple ranking features are introduced to assist the related xml fragments identification from the candidate clusters. Top N fragments compose the high quality pseudo feedback set finally. Experimental results on standard INEX test data show that in one hand, the proposed cluster label extraction method could obtain proper cluster key terms and lead to appropriate candidate cluster selection. On the other hand, the presented ranking features are beneficial to the relevant xml fragments identification. The quality of feedback set is ensured. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Zask: A case study on online collaborative learning

Zask: A case study on online collaborative learning

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10th IASTED International Conference on Web-Based Education, WBE 2013

作者： Wang, Xiaoyan Chen, Jinchuan Du, Xiaoyong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China School of Information and Electrical Engineering Ludong University Shandong China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9780889869431

Modern educational theories, such as collaborative learning, constructivism and inquiry learning, have achieved many successes in real-world applications. Especially, with the development of information technologies, there have been several online collaborative learning platforms in practice. Unfortunately, as these platforms are either too complicated or too expensive, none of them are suitable for us in the practice of STEM+. Moreover, most of these platforms are in English, while we are using Chinese as our teaching language. Using an online collaborative learning platform (OCLP) named Zask, this paper reported our practice in online collaborative learning on course Introduction to database System. According to the data collected from the first round of our practice, it shows that users' active participations in Zask could benefit for both teaching and learning, and then provide positive effects in education.

关键词： Teaching

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MFSV: A truthfulness determination approach for fact statements

MFSV: A truthfulness determination approach for fact stateme...

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18th International Conference on database Systems for Advanced Applications, DASFAA 2013

作者： Wang, Teng Zhu, Qing Wang, Shan Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China Beijing China School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374494

How to determine the truthfulness of a piece of information becomes an increasingly urgent need for users. In this paper, we propose a method called MFSV, to determine the truthfulness of fact statements. We first calculate the similarity between a piece of related information and the target fact statement and capture the credibility ranking of the related information through combining importance ranking and popularity ranking. Based on these, contributions of a piece of related information to the truthfulness determination is derived. Then we propose two methods to determine the truthfulness of the target fact statement. At last, we run comprehensive experiments to show MFSV's availability and high accuracy. © Springer-Verlag 2013.

关键词： Computers

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Multi-verifier: A novel method for fact statement verification

Multi-verifier: A novel method for fact statement verificati...

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15th Asia-Pacific Web Conference on Web Technologies and Applications, APWeb 2013

ISBN: (纸本)9783642374005

Untruthful information spreads on the web, which may mislead users or have a negative impact on user experience. In this paper, we propose a method called Multi-verifier to determine the truthfulness of a fact statement. The basic idea is that whether a fact statement is truthful or not depends on the information related to the fact statement. We utilize a popular search engine to collect the top-n search results that are most related to the target fact statement. We then propose support score to measure the extent to which a search result supports the fact statement, and we make use of credibility ranking to rank the search results. At last, we combine the support score and credibility ranking value of a search result to evaluate its contribution to a fact statement determination. Based on the contributions of the search results, we determine the fact statement. Our proposals are evaluated by experiments and results show availability and high precision of the proposed method. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Search engines

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