Achieving a truly sustainable energy transition requires progress across multiple dimensions beyond climate change mitigation goals. This article reviews and synthesizes results from disparate strands of literature on...
Achieving a truly sustainable energy transition requires progress across multiple dimensions beyond climate change mitigation goals. This article reviews and synthesizes results from disparate strands of literature on the coeffects of mitigation to inform climate policy choices at different governance levels. The literature documents many potential cobenefits of mitigation for nonclimate objectives, such as human health and energy security, but little is known about their overall welfare implications. Integrated model studies highlight that climate policies as part of well-designed policy packages reduce the overall cost of achieving multiple sustainability objectives. The incommensurability and uncertainties around the quantification of coeffects become, however, increasingly pervasive the more the perspective shifts from sectoral and local to economy wide and global, the more objectives are analyzed, and the more the results are expressed in economic rather than nonmonetary terms. Different strings of evidence highlight the role and importance of energy demand reductions for realizing synergies across multiple sustainability objectives.
作者：
Birnbaum, L.S.Bukzin, E.A.Saroyan, J.R.Leon S. Birnbaum holds a B.S. degree in Chemistry from City College of New York. He has completed graduate work in Chemistry at the University of Maryland and Temple University
and in Technology and Management at American University. He has been with the Navy Department Washington since 1949 and is currently Head of the Coatings and Chemistry Branch of the Materials Development and Application Office of the Naval Ship Engineering Center. Responsibilities of this Branch include such items as coatings corrosion control techniques insulation chemical cleaning water treatment toxicology and detection and decontamination of biological and chemical warfare agents. Prior to this Mr. Birnbaum was employed in the Industrial Test Laboratory Philadelphia Naval Shipyard from 1938 to 1949. Work during this period included supervision of a section which inspected paints and allied materials and petroleum products to determine their suitability for Naval use and direction of research in fire retardant treatments. He is a member of the American Chemical Society
Washington Paint Technical Group. National Association of Corrosion Engineers and the American Society of Naval Engineers. Mr. Bukzin is a research and development program manager in the Naval Ship Systems Command of the Department of the Navy in the fields of non-metallic materials
fuels lubricants cold weather operations and several other areas. He is a graduate chemical engineer from New York University with additional training in naval architecture and management which culminated in his participation in the Senior Development Program at Cornell University during the summer of 1960. He has been employed by the Command and its predecessor for the past 2b years and has been in his present position of R&D planning and programming for the past six years. Prior to that his major technical responsibilities were in the field of elastomers and their applications. He received several awards and published a number of papers during those years. Mr. Bukzin is a me
Report on paints used on surface ships and submarines for protection against corrosion and prevention of fouling, and on work connected with development and evaluation of such coatings;experiences with "hot plast...
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Report on paints used on surface ships and submarines for protection against corrosion and prevention of fouling, and on work connected with development and evaluation of such coatings;experiences with "hot plastic", "cold plastic" and vinyl paints;hazards in use of vinyl paints and safety precautions;test techniques;new toxics (which are only kind so far satisfactory antifouling formulations) under test.
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