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作者： Neto, Júlio Xavier Vianna De Andrade Bernert, Diego Luis Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PUCPR Undergraduate Program at Mechatronics Engineering Imaculada Conceição 1155 Zip code 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PUCPR Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program LAS/PPGEPS Imaculada Conceição 1155 80215-901 Curitiba Parana Brazil

The objective of the economic dispatch problem (EDP) of electric power generation, whose characteristics are complex and highly nonlinear, is to schedule the committed generating unit outputs so as to meet the required load demand at minimum operating cost while satisfying all unit and system equality and inequality constraints. Recently, as an alternative to the conventional mathematical approaches, modern meta-heuristic optimization techniques have been given much attention by many researchers due to their ability to find an almost global optimal solution in EDPs. Research on merging evolutionary computation and quantum computation has been started since late 1990. Inspired on the quantum computation, this paper presented an improved quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (IQEA) based on diversity information of population. A classical quantum-inspired evolutionary algorithm (QEA) and the IQEA were implemented and validated for a benchmark of EDP with 15 thermal generators with prohibited operating zones. From the results for the benchmark problem, it is observed that the proposed IQEA approach provides promising results when compared to various methods available in the literature. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optimization

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Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

Machining processes for sapphire wafers: A literature review

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作者： Li, Z.C. Pei, Z.J. Funkenbusch, P.D. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro NC 27411 United States Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Systems Engineering Kansas State University Manhattan KS United States Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Hajim School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Rochester NY United States

Sapphire wafers are widely used as the substrates for fabricating GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The quality of LEDs depends directly on the quality of the sapphire wafers. A series of machining processes is required to turn sapphire barstock into wafers with the desired geometry and surface quality. This paper reviews the literature on various machining processes for sapphire wafers: slicing (including outer diameter cut-off grinding, inner diameter cut-off grinding, loose abrasive multi-wire sawing, fixed abrasive slicing, and fixed abrasive multi-wire sawing), flattening (including lapping and grinding), and surface finishing (including mechanical polishing and chemical mechanical polishing). New machining technologies are also introduced.

关键词： Grinding (machining)

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Compensability of errors in product quality in multistage manufacturing processes

Compensability of errors in product quality in multistage ma...

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作者： Jiao, Yibo Djurdjanovic, Dragan Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program in Operations Research and Industrial Engineering University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station C2200 Austin TX 78712-0292 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Advanced Manufacturing Research Center University of Texas at Austin 1 University Station C2200 Austin TX 78712-0292 United States

Recent advances in model-based feedforward control of quality in multistage manufacturing processes (MMPs) are used to introduce the concept of compensability of errors in product quality. It is defined as the system-level ability to automatically eliminate quality errors accumulated in the product, given the allocation of measurements and controllable tooling. Significant similarities are observed with the control theory concepts of controllability and observability. In addition, just like in control theory, it is shown that relatively simple matrix rank tests can be used to determine the compensability of a MMP and are related with the previously introduced notion of diagnosability. The theory introduced in this paper enables rapid quantitative analysis of one's ability to actively control the quality in a manufacturing system, which is crucial for optimal allocation of measurements and controllable tooling in an MMP. Compensability studies based on the newly introduced methods are conducted using models of the flow of errors in product quality in two automotive cylinder head machining lines and a multi-layer semiconductor lithography process.

关键词： Errors

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A chaotic firefly algorithm applied to reliability-redundancy optimization

A chaotic firefly algorithm applied to reliability-redundanc...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Leandro dos Santos Coelho Diego Luís de Andrade Bernert Viviana Cocco Mariani Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil

The reliability-redundancy allocation problem can be approached as a mixed-integer programming problem. It has been solved by using optimization techniques such as dynamic programming, integer programming, and mixed-integer non linear programming. On the other hand, a broad class of meta heuristics has been developed for reliability-redundancy optimization. Recently, a new meta-heuristics called firefly algorithm (FA) algorithm has emerged. The FA is a stochastic metaheuristic approach based on the idealized behavior of the flashing characteristics of fireflies. In FA, the flashing light can be formulated in such a way that it is associated with the objective function to be optimized, which makes it possible to formulate the firefly algorithm. This paper introduces a modified FA approach combined with chaotic sequences (FAC) applied to reliability-redundancy optimization. In this context, an example of mixed integer programming in reliability-redundancy design of an overspeed protection system for a gas turbine is evaluated. In this application domain, FAC was found to outperform the previously best-known solutions available.

关键词： Fires Optimization Chaos Algorithm design and analysis Benchmark testing Redundancy

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A normative differential evolution approach for estimation of heat transfer coefficient during freezing treatment by inverse analysis

A normative differential evolution approach for estimation o...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Viviana Cocco Mariani Carlos Eduardo Klein Luiz Guilherme Justi Luvizotto Leandro dos Santos Coelho Department of Mechanical Engineering PPGEM Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Parana Brazil

Among the existing meta-heuristic optimization algorithms, a well-known branch is the differential evolution (DE). DE is a powerful population-based algorithm of evolutionary computation field designed for solving global optimization problems which only has a few control parameters. With an eye to improve the performance of DE, in this paper, a DE approach combined with a cultural algorithm technique based on normative knowledge (NDE) is investigated to estimate the heat transfer coefficient during freezing treatment by inverse analysis. Numerical results for inverse heat transfer problem demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the NDE algorithm. In this application, NDE approach outperforms a classical DE approach in terms of quality of solution.

关键词： Heat transfer Optimization Temperature measurement Cultural differences Algorithm design and analysis Evolutionary computation Temperature

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A Radial Basis Function Spike Model for Indirect Learning via Integrate-and-Fire Sampling and Reconstruction Techniques

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Advances in Artificial Neural systems 2012年第1期2012卷

作者： X. Zhang G. Foderaro C. Henriquez A. M. J. VanDongen S. Ferrari Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control (LISC) Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithm manipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.

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Adaptive fault-tolerant control based on hybrid redundancy

Adaptive fault-tolerant control based on hybrid redundancy

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作者： Takahashi, Masanori Takagi, Taro Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Tokai University at Kumamoto 9-1-1 Toroku Kumamoto 862-8652 Japan Graduate School of Industrial Engineering Tokai University at Kumamoto 9-1-1 Toroku Kumamoto 862-8652 Japan

This paper presents a new adaptive fault-tolerant control system (AFTCS) against actuator failures. The AFTCS utilizes a hybrid of static and dynamic redundancies. In order to maintain the control performance, the redundancy-mode is selected appropriately to remove the effect of the failure. All the switching actions are executed based on only the input and error signals. Hence, any fault detector is not exploited. Furthermore, introducing an adaptive high-gain feedback controller makes it possible to achieve the λ-tracking in the presence of failure. In this paper, several simulation results for the CSTR are shown to confirm the effectiveness of the AFTCS. © 2011 Zhejiang University.

关键词： Redundancy

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Understanding todays' operations performance measurement systems use 21

Understanding todays' operations performance measurement sys...

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21st International Conference on Production Research: Innovation in Product and Production, ICPR 2011

作者： Pinheiro De Lima, E. Gouvea Da Costa, S.E. Angelis, J.J. Munik, J. Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Imaculada Conceicao St. 1155 Curitiba Parana Brazil Federal University of Technology Parana Curitiba Brazil Operations Management Group Warwick Business School University of Warwick Scarman Road Coventry United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783839602935

Contingency factors and globalization phenomena are forcing companies to revise the way they conceive and manage their operations network. Operations strategic management systems should develop specific design requirements to deal with a complex and changing environment, that is, operations strategy plans should be continuously assed and updated. This paper frame a discussion based on operations strategy and performance measurement framework. Performance measurement roles are revised in order to assess their alignment to new design requirements for operations strategic management. Based on a set of updated performance measurement systems roles, a case study protocol is developed and applied to manufacturing and service companies. Although classical roles as performance monitoring and control are still the main focus of operations performance measurement systems, evidences collected show a growing use of these management systems for continuous improvement and change management processes.

关键词： Strategic planning

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An Unscented Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoother for SLAM Problem

An Unscented Rauch-Tung-Striebel Smoother for SLAM Problem

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： Saifudin Razali Keigo Watanabe Shoichi Maeyama Kiyotaka Izumi Department of Intelligent Mechanical Systems Division of Industrial Innovation Sciences Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University

ISBN: (纸本)9781457707148

The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has become relatively a new technique used in a number of nonlinear estimation problems to overcome the limitation of Taylor series linearization. It uses a deterministic sampling approach known as sigma points to propagate nonlinear systems and has been discussed in many literature. However, a nonlinear smoothing problem has received less attention than the filtering problem. Therefore, in this article we examine an un-scented smoother based on Rauch-Tung-Striebel form for discrete-time dynamic systems. This smoother has advantages available in unscented transformation over approximation by Taylor expansion as well as its benefit in derivative free. This smoothing technique has been implemented and evaluated through Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, SLAM problem.

关键词： Unscented transformation Nonlinear smoother SLAM

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Applicability of Carbonated Electric Arc Furnace Slag to Mortar

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2012年第1期352卷

作者： S Yokoyama R Arisawa M N N Hisyamudin K Murakami A Maegawa M Izaki Department of Mechanical Engineering Toyohashi University of Technology Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8105 Japan Graduate Program of Mechanical Engineering for Master's Degree Toyohashi University of Technology Hibarigaoka Tempaku-cho Toyohashi Aichi 441-8105 Japan Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia 86400 Parit Raja Batu Pahat Johor Malaysia Research Section of Material Technology Mie Prefecture Industrial Research Institute Takacyaya Tsu Mie 514-0819 Japan

Authors have been studying the absorption of CO2 in the steelmaking slag. In this study, an application of the electric arc furnace slag after the carbonation to admixture of mortar was investigated with the JIS (A6206-1997) method for ground granulated blast-furnace slag for concrete. The percent flows for the test mortar were smaller than that for the standard mortar. The percent flow of the carbonated slag whose average particle size of more than approximately 4 μm increased with an increase in the average size of the particles. Because the compressive strengths of the test mortar cured for 91 days were almost the same as those cured 28 days, the slag after the carbonation was thought not to have self-hardening property for a medium and long term. The compressive strength for the test mortar was almost unchanged within a range of approximately 2 to 7 μm of the average particle size, and it in this range was highest. The activity indexes for the test mortar prepared with the slag after the carbonation ranged from approximately 40 to 60 %.

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