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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Bo-Wen Qiu, Xi-Yang Ma, Yicheng Hu, Qingmei Fitó-Parera, Aina Kohata, Ikuma Feng, Ya Zheng, Yongjia Zhang, Chiyu Matsuo, Yutaka Wang, YuHuang Chiashi, Shohei Otsuka, Keigo Xiang, Rong Levshov, Dmitry I. Cambré, Sofie Wenseleers, Wim Rotkin, Slava V. Maruyama, Shigeo Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems School of Mechanical Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Theory and Spectroscopy of Molecules and Materials Department of Physics University of Antwerp Antwerp2610 Belgium Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education School of Energy and Power Engineering Dalian University of Technology Liaoning 116024 China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Chemical Physics Program Maryland Nano Center University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Department of Chemical Systems Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan Institute of Materials Innovation Institutes for Future Society Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan Theory and Spectroscopy of Molecules and Materials Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Antwerp2610 Belgium Nanostructured and Organic Optical and Electronic Materials Department of Physics University of Antwerp Antwerp2610 Belgium Materials Research Institute Department of Engineering Science & Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States

Carbyne, a one-dimensional (1D) carbon allotrope with alternating triple and single bonds, has the highest known mechanical strength but is unstable to bending, limiting synthesis to short linear chains. Encapsulation within carbon nanotubes (CNTs) stabilizes carbyne, forming confined carbyne (CC), thus enabling further research concerning attractive 1D physics and materials properties of carbyne. While CC has been synthesized in multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) using the arc-discharge method and in double-walled CNTs (DWCNTs) via high-temperature high-vacuum (HTHV) method, synthesis in single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) has been challenging due to their fragility under such conditions. In this work, we report a low-temperature method to synthesize CC inside SWCNTs (CC@SWCNT). By annealing SWCNTs containing ammonium deoxycholate (ADC) at 400°C, ADC is converted into CC without damaging the SWCNTs. Raman spectroscopy revealed a strong CC phonon (CC-mode) peak at 1860–1870 cm-1, much stronger than the SWCNT G-band peak, confirming a high fraction of CC in the resulting material. The Raman mapping result showed the uniformity of the CC-mode signal across the entire film sample, proving the high efficiency of this method in synthesizing CC in every SWCNT of appropriate size. Notably, the CC-mode peaks of CC@SWCNT (above 1860 cm-1) are higher than those reported in previous CC@CNT samples (mostly -1). This is attributed to larger SWCNT diameters (>0.95 nm) used in this study, compared to the typical 0.6–0.8 nm range. Larger diameters result in reduced confinement, allowing carbyne to closely resemble free-standing carbyne while remaining stabilized. This low-temperature synthesis of long-chain, nearly freestanding carbyne within large-diameter SWCNTs offers new opportunities for exploring 1D physics and the unique properties of carbyne for potential applications. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCN)

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Expansion cooling prospects for large scale applications

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International Journal of Thermofluids 2023年 20卷

作者： Alami, Abdul Hai Alrashid, Rashid Mdallal, Ayman Yasin, Ahmad Ayoub, Mohamad Alasad, Shamma Aljaghoub, Haya Alashkar, Adnan Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali Olabi, Abdul Ghani Orhan, Mehmet Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Sustainable Energy and Power Systems Research Centre RISE University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Engineering American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Mechatronics Engineering American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Materials Science and Engineering PhD Program American University of Sharjah P.O. Box 26666 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Chemical Engineering Department Minia University Elminia Egypt Mechanical Engineering and Design School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Aston Triangle BirminghamB4 7ET United Kingdom

Air conditioning in general and cooling in particular are the biggest energy sinks among all electricity consumers. Mitigating energy needs of this sector by active or passive means is a necessity. This paper offers a comprehensive review of various cooling technologies for large scale applications and compares them in terms of economy, environmental footprint and most importantly, energy requirements. There is a main focus on the potential of using expansion cooling, which is defined in conjunction with cooling effects generated during the expansion process of a gas. The interest in such cooling technology stems from the double benefit of utilizing a large-scale compressed air energy storage (CAES) system that can also provide cooling via the expansion of air. This consequently manifests in reducing the electrical demand required for cooling applications. Such a concept is beneficial for hot climates, where most of the electrical demand is reserved for offsetting the cooling load. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Compressed air energy storage

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Core packing of well-defined x-ray and NMR structures is the same

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Grigas, Alex T. Liu, Zhuoyi Regan, Lynne O’Hern, Corey S. Graduate Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Numerous studies have investigated the differences and similarities between protein structures determined by solution NMR spectroscopy and those determined by x-ray crystallography. A fundamental question is whether any observed differences are due to differing methodologies, or to differences in the behavior of proteins in solution versus in the crystalline state. Here, we compare the properties of the hydrophobic cores of high-resolution protein crystal structures and those in NMR structures, determined using increasing numbers and types of restraints. Prior studies have reported that many NMR structures have denser cores compared to those of high-resolution x-ray crystal structures. Our current work investigates this result in more detail, and finds that these NMR structures tend to violate basic features of protein stereochemistry, such as small non-bonded atomic overlaps and few Ramachandran and side chain dihedral angle outliers. We find that NMR structures solved with more restraints, and which do not significantly violate stereochemistry, have hydrophobic cores that have a similar size and packing fraction as their counterparts determined by x-ray crystallography at high-resolution. These results lead us to conclude that, at least regarding the core packing properties, high-quality structures determined by NMR and x-ray crystallography are the same, and the differences reported earlier are most likely a consequence of methodology, rather than fundamental differences between the protein in the two different environments. Significance: Dense packing of hydrophobic residues is key to protein structure and stability. Previously, it has been noted that structures solved by NMR spectroscopy have denser cores than x-ray crystal structures. Here, we calculate the core size and packing fraction of NMR structures with experimental restraints in the PDB. Their cores are typically smaller, but denser. However, NMR structures with accurate stereochemistry possess core pa

关键词： X ray crystallography

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Transfer-Learning-Aided Defect Prediction in Simply Shaped Cfrp Specimens Based on Stress Distribution Obtained from Finite Element Analysis and Infrared Stress Measurement

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kojima, Yuta Hirayama, Kenta Endo, Katsuhiro Harada, Yoshihisa Muramatsu, Mayu Department of Science for Open and Environmental Systems Graduate School of Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama223-8522 Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1-1-1 Umezono Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8568 Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 1-2-1 Namiki Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8564 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Kanagawa223-8522 Japan

In this paper, we propose a framework of nondestructive testing for predicting the 3D structure of internal defects in carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) from the distribution of the sum of principal stresses on surfaces (DSPSS) through transfer learning. DSPSS is obtained from both the finite element method and infrared stress measurement results. Infrared stress measurements are based on Kelvin's theory to convert surface temperature changes to DSPSS changes. The machine learning model used in this framework is a 3D convolutional neural network (CNN). The transfer learning method employed in this framework is as follows. First, a 3D CNN that predicts the 3D structure of defects is trained using the DSPSS dataset by the finite element method and the 3D structure of internal defects. DSPSS is used with noise that imitates the noise generated by experimental factors such as temperature fluctuations in infrared stress measurements and differences in physical properties between the polymer resin and the carbon fiber bundle of CFRP. Next, the 3D CNN is trained using the DSPSS dataset obtained by infrared stress measurement and the 3D structure of defects. The accuracy of the trained 3D CNN is evaluated using DSPSS infrared stress measurements. We discuss the factors that enable us to predict the 3D defect data from the two-dimensional DSPSS using a variational autoencoder. The proposed method makes it possible to estimate internal defect information. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Finite element method

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Corrigendum to “Techno-economic model to appraise the use of cattle manure in biodigesters in the generation of electrical energy and biofertilizer” [Biomass Bioenergy 150 (2021) 1–11]

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Biomass and Bioenergy 2023年 179卷

作者： Simone Andreia Guares José Donizetti de Lima Gilson Adamczuk Oliveira Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEPS) UTFPR Pato Branco Parana Brazil Department of Mathematics Federal Technological University of Parana (UTFPR) Pato Branco Parana Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal Technological University of Parana (UTFPR) Pato Branco Parana Brazil

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Determining Factors Affecting Perceived Quality among Shoe Manufacturing Workers towards Shoe Quality: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

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Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 2022年第2期8卷

作者： Chuenyindee, Thanatorn Torres, Robimarl B. Prasetyo, Yogi Tri Nadlifatin, Reny Persada, Satria Fadil Department of Industrial Engineering and Aviation Management Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Air Force Academy Bangkok 10220 Thailand School of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management Mapúa University Manila 1002 Philippines School of Graduate Studies Mapúa University Manila 1002 Philippines Department of Information Systems Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Kampus ITS Sukolilo Surabaya 60111 Indonesia Entrepreneurship Department BINUS Business School Undergraduate Program Bina Nusantara University Malang 65154 Indonesia

The shoe industry has been continuously growing in recent years. The goal of this study was to identify factors affecting perceived shoe quality among shoe manufacturing workers. A sample of 350 shoe manufacturing workers participated in answering a survey that was distributed using a purposive sampling approach. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) indicated that quality training was the most significant factor on perceived shoe quality, indicating that quality training should be prioritized and included in company programs to sustain quality products. Interestingly, perceived tooling/machinery conditions, teamwork and cooperation, the operator’s technical skills, and the operator’s quality mindset, also had significant effects on perceived shoe quality. This study is one of the first studies to explore perceived shoe quality among shoe manufacturing workers. The results may convey information for future research on perceived product quality, particularly for the shoe industry. Finally, our framework can be utilized for the enhancement of perceived product quality in shoe manufacturing industries worldwide. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

关键词： perceived quality shoe quality Structural Equation Modeling

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Numerical study of piezoelectric energy harvester utilizing motorcycle vibrations

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3215卷

作者： Mujahid Abdurrahim Radon Dhelika Mohammad Akita Indianto Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok Indonesia 16424 Energy Systems Engineering Graduate Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok Indonesia 16424 Tropical Renewable Energy Center Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus Baru UI Depok Indonesia 16424

A numerical study of the piezoelectric energy harvester is performed to see its visibility for application in harvesting motorcycle vibration. The target vibration of 40-70 Hz is the requirement as it is the frequent vibration during motorcycle operations. A composite cantilever structure of SU-8/Al/PVDF/Al is set as the main body of the structure with a thickness of 200/0.3/5/0.3 µm. The length is set as the study point to see the suitable structure for the application. The study found that by designing the correct length, the cantilever’s resonance frequency can match the target vibration frequency; on the other hand longer cantilever results in higher deflection and energy generation of the piezoelectric structure. The study concludes that the length of 33 mm is suitable for covering the 40-70 Hz target vibration with a resonance frequency of 54.3 Hz. The voltage generated is 24.8 mV. This finding is one important step to developing an energy harvester device that can be used in wide applications.

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Development of a VS ultrasound diagnostic system with image evaluation functions

Development of a VS ultrasound diagnostic system with image ...

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IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE)

作者： Jiayi Zhou Norihiro Koizumi Yu Nishiyama Ryosuke Tsumura Hiroyuki Tsukihara Naoki Matsumoto Department of Mechanical and Intelligent Systems The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan Department of Computer and Network Engineering The University of Electro-Communications Tokyo Japan Health and Medical Research Institute National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Nihon University Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665492331

An inevitable feature of ultrasound-based diagnoses is that the quality of the ultrasound images produced depends directly on the skill of the physician operating the probe. This is because physicians have to constantly adjust the probe position to obtain a cross-section of the target organ, which is constantly shifting due to patient respiratory motions. Therefore, we developed an ultrasound diagnostic robot that works in cooperation with a visual servo system based on deep learning that will help alleviate the burdens imposed on physicians. Two different image processing methods (BiSeNet V2) were used to detect the target kidney location, as well as to evaluate the appropriateness of the obtained ultrasound images (ResNet 50) in developed system.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Ultrasonic imaging Image processing Medical services Probes Servomotors

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Transferable screened range-separated hybrid functionals for electronic and optical properties of van der Waals materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Camarasa-Gómez, María Ramasubramaniam, Ashwin Neaton, Jeffrey B. Kronik, Leeor Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovoth7610001 Israel Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA01003 United States Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA01003 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States

The accurate description of electronic properties and optical absorption spectra is a long-standing challenge for density functional theory. Recently, the introduction of screened range-separated hybrid (SRSH) functionals for solid-state materials has allowed for the calculation of fundamental band gaps and optical absorption spectra that are in very good agreement with many-body perturbation theory. However, since solid-state SRSH functionals are typically tuned to reproduce the properties of bulk phases, their transferability to low-dimensional structures, which experience substantially different screening than in the bulk, remains an open question. In this work, we explore the transferability of SRSH functionals to several prototypical van der Waals materials, including transition-metal sulfides and selenides, indium selenide, black phosphorus, and hexagonal boron nitride. Considering the bulk and a monolayer of these materials as limiting cases, we show that the parameters of the SRSH functional can be determined systematically, using only the band-edge quasiparticle energies of these extremal structural phases as fitting targets. The resulting SRSH functionals can describe both electronic bandstructures and optical absorption spectra with accuracy comparable to more demanding ab initio many-body perturbation theory (GW and Bethe-Salpeter equation) approaches. Selected examples also demonstrate that the SRSH parameters, obtained from the bulk and monolayer reference structures, display good accuracy for bandstructures and optical spectra of bilayers, indicating a degree of transferability that is independent of the fitting procedure. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transition metals

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IoT for Water Quality Categorization

IoT for Water Quality Categorization

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International Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent System (ICORIS)

作者： Hermantoro Sastrohartono Andreas Wahyu Krisdiarto Arief Ika Uktoro Reza Rahutomo Teddy Suparyanto Bens Pardamean Agricultural Engineering Department Faculty of Agricultural Technology Institute of Agriculture STIPER Yogyakarta Indonesia Information System Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia

In agricultural water research, the adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has emerged as a pivotal approach for large-scale data collection. Water availability in the context of water quality is very important, both for domestic and industrial purposes. For domestic purposes, drinking water and bathing water are separated. Meanwhile, for the palm oil industry, boiler filler is differentiated from additional process water (dilution water). Water quality parameters can be assessed from turbidity and Total Dissolve Solid (TDS). Measurements using measuring instruments separately and repeatedly require significant energy, time, and costs. This research was conducted with the primary objective of presenting a novel method for categorizing water quality with the approach of IoT sensor technology. The research methodology entailed the utilization of an integrated IoT water sensors system in conjunction with manual water categorization. The methods consist of (1) system design, (2) design and installation of sensor and IoT-based microcontrollers, and (3) accuracy and precision testing compared with laboratory measurements. The precision of the integrated IoT water sensors was assessed through a dedicated sensor precision test, resulting in an accuracy rate of 94.4% for the turbidity sensor and 97.5% for the TDS sensor. Notably, this approach successfully discriminated drinking water with valid categorization, while other water types, including groundwater, water with tea, and water with coffee, yielded null categorization results.

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