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Interpretable models for the automated detection of human trafficking in illicit massage businesses

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A I I E Transactions

A I I E Transactions 2024年第3期56卷

作者： Margaret Tobey Ruoting Li Osman Y. Özaltın Maria E. Mayorga Sherrie Caltagirone a Operations Research Graduate Program North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA b Edward P. Fitts Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA c Global Emancipation Network FL USA

Sexually oriented establishments across the United States often pose as massage businesses and force victim workers into a hybrid of sex and labor trafficking, simultaneously harming the legitimate massage industry. Stakeholders with varied goals and approaches to dismantling the illicit massage industry all report the need for multi-source data to clearly and transparently identify the worst offenders and highlight patterns in behaviors. We utilize findings from primary stakeholder interviews with law enforcement, regulatory bodies, legitimate massage practitioners, and subject-matter experts from nonprofit organizations to identify data sources and potential indicators of illicit massage businesses (IMBs). We focus our analysis on data from open sources in Texas and Florida including customer reviews and business data from ***, the U.S. Census, and GIS files such as truck stop, highway, and military base locations. We build two interpretable prediction models, risk scores and optimal decision trees, to determine the risk that a given massage establishment is an IMB. The proposed multi-source data-based approach and interpretable models can be used by stakeholders at all levels to save time and resources, serve victim-workers, and support well informed regulatory efforts.

关键词： Human trafficking illicit massage interpretable machine learning risk scores decision trees

Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization Design of a Butane Content Soft Sensor ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 7915-7920页

作者： Victor Henrique Alves Ribeiro Matheus Henrique Reis Marchioro Giberto Reynoso-Meza Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontificia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 Zip code 80215-901 Curitiba PR Brazil

industrial processes must be well equipped with a variety of sensors to maintain a desired quality. However, some variables cannot be easily measured due to different causes, such as acquisition and/or maintenance costs and slow acquisition time. This situation leads to a lack of real-time information in the process, which could lead to lower quality in the final product. One of such processes is the debutanizer column, where butane content measurement is highly delayed. To enable online prediction of such variables, available information from the process can be used to estimate predictive models, known as soft sensors. To this end, data-driven techniques can be used, such as statistical and machine learning. However, such techniques usually take into account a single metric when estimating the models, and there are multiple factors that play an important role when designing a soft sensor, such as stability and accuracy. To cope with such a situation, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization design procedure, where feature selection and ensemble member combination are performed. Therefore, the multi-objective differential evolution algorithm with spherical pruning (spMODE-II) is initially employed for building a pool of non-dominated linear support vector regression (SVR) models. Subsequently, the same evolutionary algorithm is applied for selecting the weights of the previously generated models in a weighted combination ensemble. In a final multi-criteria decision making stage, a preferred ensemble is selected using the preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE). Results indicate that the proposed approach is able to produce a highly stable and accurate butane content soft sensor for the debutanizer column.

关键词： Soft sensor Machine learning Ensemble learning Evolutionary algorithms Multi-objective optimization Chemical industry Chemical sensors Monitoring

An affordable and customizable wave buoy for the study of wave-ice interactions: design concept and results from field deployments

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kodaira, Tsubasa Katsuno, Tomotaka Nose, Takehiko Itoh, Motoyo Rabault, Jean Hoppmann, Mario Kimizuka, Masafumi Waseda, Takuji Department of Ocean Technology Policy and Environment Graduate School of Frontier Sciences The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan Institute of Arctic Climate and Environment Research Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka Japan IT Department Norwegian Meteorological Institute Oslo Norway Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven Germany Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan College of Industrial Technology Tokyo Japan

In the polar regions, the interaction between waves and ice has a crucial impact on the seasonal change in the sea ice extent. However, our comprehension of this phenomenon is restricted by a lack of observations, which, in turn, results in the exclusion of associated processes from numerical models. In recent years, availability of the low-cost and accurate Inertial Motion Units has enabled the development of affordable wave research devices. Despite advancements in designing innovative open-source instruments optimized for deployment on ice floes, their customizability and survivability remain limited, especially in open waters. This study presents a novel design concept for an affordable and customizable wave buoy, aimed for wave measurements in marginal ice zones. The central focus of this wave buoy design is the application of 3D printing as rapid prototyping technology. By utilizing the high customizability offered by 3D printing, the previously developed solar-powered wave buoy was customized to install a battery pack to continue the measurements in the high latitudes for more than several months. Preliminary results from field deployments in the Pacific and Arctic Oceans demonstrate that the performance of the instruments is promising. The accuracy of frequency wave spectra measurements is found to be comparable to that of considerably more expensive instruments. Finally, the study concludes with a general evaluation of using rapid prototyping technologies for buoy designs and proposes recommendations for future designs. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printing

Anomalous properties of spark plasma sintered boron nitride solids

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Serles, Peter Alvarez, Gustavo A. Schimpf, Jesse Hache, Michel Kong, Jonathan Demingos, Pedro Guerra Yuan, Bo Pieshkov, Tymofii S. Li, Chenxi Puthirath, Anand B. Gao, Bin Gray, Tia Zhang, Xiang Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Dai, Pengcheng Singh, Chandra Veer Howe, Jane Zou, Yu Martin, Lane W. Clancy, James Patrick Tian, Zhiting Filleter, Tobin Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King’s College Road TorontoM5S 3G8 Canada Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College St TorontoM5S 3E4 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4M1 Canada Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is brittle, however, its atomic-scale structural engineering can lead to unprecedented physical properties. Here we report the bulk synthesis of high-density crystalline h-BN solids by using high-temperature spark plasma sintering (SPS) of micron size h-BN powders. In addition to the high mechanical strength and ductile response of such materials, we have obtained anomalous values of dielectric constant beyond theoretical limits, high thermal conductivity, and exceptional neutron radiation shielding capability. Through exhaustive characterizations we reveal that SPS induces non-basal plane crystallinity, twisting of layers, and facilitates inter-grain fusion with a high degree of in-plane alignment across macroscale dimensions, resulting in near-theoretical density and anomalous properties. Our findings highlight the importance of material design, via new approaches such as twisting and interconnections between atomically thin layers, to create novel ceramics with properties that could go beyond their intrinsic theoretical predictions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Spark plasma sintering

Passivity-based pose control for a ground vehicle through Drone's visual feedback control

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IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems

IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and systems 2019年第11期139卷 1316-1324页

作者： Murao, Toshiyuki Kuroda, Mamoru Kawai, Hiroyuki College of Engineering Kanazawa Institute of Technology 7-1 Ohgigaoka Nonoichi Ishikawa921-8501 Japan Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Kanazawa Institute of Technology 7-1 Ohgigaoka Nonoichi Ishikawa921-8501 Japan

This paper presents passivity-based visual feedback control for an endpoint closed-loop system with a movable camera. In particular, we discuss a control scheme for the vehicle system that consists of two ground vehicles and a camera-mounted aerial vehicle. The objective of the system is that a controlled ground vehicle tracks a target ground vehicle by using only aerial vehicle's visual information. First, a brief summary of the estimation and pose error systems for the camera-mounted aerial vehicle is presented. Second, we design a novel nonlinear observer to estimate the pose of the controlled ground vehicle. Next, we propose a visual feedback control law for the constructed visual motion error system based on the passivity. After discussing stability analysis of the closed-loop system through Lyapunov stability theorem, we present L2-gain performance analysis that deals with the disturbance attenuation problem via dissipation systems theory. Finally, we provide simulation results and actual nonlinear experimental results using two ground vehicles and a camera-mounted aerial vehicle to illustrate the performance of the proposed control method. © 2019 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Cameras

Ensiling treatment of rice straw with cow paunch content to enhance bioethanol production

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Ludfiani, Dini Dwi Arianti, Forita Dyah Pertiwi, Miranti Dian Prasetyo, Teguh Djarot, Ira Nurhayati Santoso, Arif Dwi Sasongko, Nugroho Adi Astuti, Widi Research Center for Sustainable Production Systems and Life Cycle Assessment National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area Tangerang Selatan Banten 15314 Indonesia Energy Security Graduate Program Republic of Indonesia Defense University (UNHAN RI) IPSC Sentul Area West Java Bogor 16810 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Universitas Negeri Semarang Central Java Semarang 50229 Indonesia

Every year, the production of rice straw and cow paunch content is abundant and 80 % of them has not been utilized. This study aimed to determine the potency of ensiling treatment on them in producing bioethanol. The novelty of this study is the utilization of cow paunch content as biomass and source of microbial fiber degradation. In this study, there were six groups of treatments. Bioethanol fermentation used Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Results, ensiling treatment significantly affected (p < 0.001) the changed chemical composition of them and produce ethanol of 40.13–102.84 mg/L. Conclude, ensiling treatment was considered effective ratio for bioethanol production. © 2024

关键词： Bioethanol Paunch content Rice straw

Linearization of two-state thruster models 5

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Linearization of two-state thruster models

5th International Conference on Mathematics: Pure, Applied and Computation, ICoMPAC 2019

作者： Adzkiya, Dieky Nurhadi, Hendro Herlambang, Teguh Department of Mathematics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Indonesia Department of Industrial Mechanical Engineering Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Indonesia Center of Excellence for Mechatronics and Industrial Automation Research Center Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Indonesia Study Program of Information Systems Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya Indonesia

A thruster is a device used for station keeping, attitude control, in the reaction control system, or long-duration, low-thrust acceleration. Thruster is one of the main components in autonomous surface vehicle. In this paper, we discuss the linearization of two-state thruster model by using the Jacobian method. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Linearization

Radar Occupancy Prediction with Lidar Supervision while Preserving Long-Range Sensing and Penetrating Capabilities

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kung, Pou-Chun Wang, Chieh-Chih Lin, Wen-Chieh The Graduate Degree Program of Robotics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan The Mechanical and Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Radar shows great potential for autonomous driving by accomplishing long-range sensing under diverse weather conditions. But radar is also a particularly challenging sensing modality due to the radar noises. Recent works have made enormous progress in classifying free and occupied spaces in radar images by leveraging lidar label supervision. However, there are still several unsolved issues. Firstly, the sensing distance of the results is limited by the sensing range of lidar. Secondly, the performance of the results is degenerated by lidar due to the physical sensing discrepancies between the two sensors. For example, some objects visible to lidar are invisible to radar, and some objects occluded in lidar scans are visible in radar images because of the radar's penetrating capability. These sensing differences cause false positive and penetrating capability degeneration, respectively. In this paper, we propose training data preprocessing and polar sliding window inference to solve the issues. The data preprocessing aims to reduce the effect caused by radar-invisible measurements in lidar scans. The polar sliding window inference aims to solve the limited sensing range issue by applying a near-range trained network to the long-range region. Instead of using common Cartesian representation, we propose to use polar representation to reduce the shape dissimilarity between long-range and near-range data. We find that extending a near-range trained network to long-range region inference in the polar space has 4.2 times better IoU than in Cartesian space. Besides, the polar sliding window inference can preserve the radar penetrating capability by changing the viewpoint of the inference region, which makes some occluded measurements seem non-occluded for a pretrained network. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical radar

Neural Constraints on Cognitive Experience and Mental Health

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shariatpanahi, Bita Nozari, Erfan Daftarian, Soroush Arab, Fahimeh Kheirkhah, Mina Bernhard, Felix P. Khodadadi, Shiva Giltay, Erik J. Hebbrecht, Kaat Hofmann, Stefan G. Hahn, Tim Jamalabadi, Hamidreza Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Marburg Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California RiversideCA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Riverside RiversideCA United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Riverside RiversideCA United States Neuroscience Graduate Program University of California Riverside RiversideCA United States Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda MD United States University of Antwerp Belgium Department of Psychiatry Leiden University Medical Center Netherlands Department of Psychology University of Marburg Germany Institute for Translational Psychiatry University of Münster Germany University of Marburg Germany

Understanding how neural dynamics shape cognitive experiences remains a central challenge in neuroscience and psychiatry. Here, we present a novel framework leveraging state-to-output controllability from dynamical systems theory to model the interplay between cognitive perturbations, neural activity, and subjective experience. We demonstrate that large-scale fMRI signals are constrained to low-dimensional manifolds, where affective and cognitive states are naturally organized. Furthermore, we provide a theoretically robust method to estimate the controllability Gramian from steady-state neural responses, offering a direct measure of the energy required to steer cognitive outcomes. In five healthy participants viewing 2,185 emotionally evocative short videos, our analyses reveal a strong alignment between neural activations and affective ratings, with an average correlation of r ≈ 0.7. In a clinical cohort of 255 patients with major depressive disorder, biweekly Hamilton Rating Scale trajectories over 11 weeks significantly mapped onto these manifolds, explaining approximately 20% more variance than chance (p −10, numerically better than chance in 93% reaching statistical significance in one-third of subjects). Our work bridges dynamical systems theory and clinical neuroscience, providing a principled approach to optimize mental health treatments by targeting the most efficient neural pathways for cognitive change. © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： System theory