Future human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will bring substantial changes and new requirements to the development of fully sustainable, healthy indoor human environments across a range of gravitational, radiative...
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Future human spaceflight beyond low-Earth orbit will bring substantial changes and new requirements to the development of fully sustainable, healthy indoor human environments across a range of gravitational, radiative, and thermal conditions. One key aspect is understanding (and potentially leveraging) microorganisms that must coexist with humans, plants, and animals in enclosed habitats (their microbiota or microbiomes). Modern, genome-resolved microbiome science provides an opportunity to better understand how we can utilize microbes to optimize space missions and protect human health and well-being long-term. Microorganisms will be critical to mission success due to their direct or indirect interactions with 1) humans, 2) other living systems (e.g., plant and animal life as a food source and for experimentation), and 3) the built environment. For example, the human gut microbiome is a complex community that has important implications for human health and performance that include mental health, nutrition intake, and immune system function. The health of plant microbiomes is also critical for sustainable, dependable, and nutritious food production. Humans, plants, and other living systems (e.g., animals used in experimentation) will also shed microbes into the built environment, which may impact human exposure, plant health, system integrity, and planetary protection from microbial contamination in both forward and reverse directions. Microbes from all three systems will interact, resulting in potentially important 'non-linear' system implications that must be understood for the overall long-term sustainability of hardware, crew, and other living systems. This paper discusses recent advances in technology that expand measurement capabilities to ultra-low-biomass samples and now allow for better understanding of microbial taxa, community structure and drivers, and functional capacity, which together will empower microbiome-optimized deep-space human exploration miss
The growing need for sustainable energy has encouraged researchers to emphasize on establishing strong electroactive catalysts for improved water-splitting processes. Water-electrolysis study demands electroactive cat...
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Printed microstructures face challenges when their applications require excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability at high temperatures. To maximize the service temperatures of printed microstructures, this ...
Printed microstructures face challenges when their applications require excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability at high temperatures. To maximize the service temperatures of printed microstructures, this study introduces a printable ceramic precursor for deriving SiBCN microstructures. The precursor possesses a high photosensitivity and high ceramic yield (76 wt%) because of the graft of acrylate and an increase of crosslinking degree, which is achieved by functionalizing polyborosilazane with 2-Isocyanatoethyl acrylate via nucleophilic addition reaction. The composition and chemical structure of the precursor and ceramic have been meticulously characterized. Moreover, a kinetics model has been established to describe the weight loss in pyrolysis, illuminating that the polymer-to-ceramic conversion is a diffusion-mediated growth process. Through two-photon lithography and pyrolysis, the photosensitive precursor can directly lead to SiBCN nano/microstructures with complex shapes and submicron (linewidth: ∼700 nm) features, which are the smallest SiBCN structures reported to date. At these microscales, it is revealed that shrinkage during pyrolysis is anisotropic and surface-area dependent and that the printed SiBCN micropillars can have an exceptional compressive strength of 3.59 ± 0.08 GPa. The potential applications of printed SiBCN microstructures were explored, including high-temperature embossing stamps for microlens and structural-color fabrication.
A body armor is vital for users in combat filed. Normally, the body armor have two components: soft and hard ones. This paper proposes feasibility assessment technique to evaluate contemporary materials: Kevlar, natur...
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Industry 4.0 has recently become an ubiquitous topic of study both by academics and practitioners. Beyond the technology application domain, one major issue that most organizations have to face when structuring their ...
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Printed microstructures face challenges when their applications require excellent mechanical strength and chemical stability at high temperatures. To maximize the service temperatures of printed microstructures, this ...
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Benefit for clinical melanoma treatments, the transdermal neoadjuvant therapy could reduce surgery region and increase immunotherapy efficacy. Using lipoplex (Lipo-PEG-PEI-complex, LPPC) encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX)...
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Chipless RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag has attracted significant attention due to the low manufacturing cost. By eliminating the use of integrated circuit (IC), chipless RFID tag can offer competitive pric...
Chipless RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) tag has attracted significant attention due to the low manufacturing cost. By eliminating the use of integrated circuit (IC), chipless RFID tag can offer competitive price in order to completely replace barcode systems. Besides, integration of physical parameter sensors with chipless RFID will open up a new domain for controlling and monitoring perishable items. It can also be fully printable by using inkjet-printed technology. The inkjet-printed technique is one of the most promising technological solutions for the realization of chipless RFID with low-cost advantage. Various types of conductive inks with different fillers such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and polymer have been developed for printed electronics. It needs deep investigation and study in designing low-cost but robust by using conductive ink on a low-cost substrate. The aim of this review is to claim research gap related to how AgNP-rGO-PANI (Silver Nanoparticle - Reduced Graphene Oxide - Polyaniline) nanocomposite has both scientific and economic advantages. The inkjet-printed method using conductive inks with nanocomposite fillers synthesized from semiconductor materials such as graphene, silver nanoparticles, and polyaniline on a thin sheet of low-cost substrate. This review provides an overview of synthesis methods of AgNP-rGO-PANI nanocomposite, structure and design of chipless RFID sensor, and chipless RFID sensor fabrication methods.
Petroleum extraction generates large volumes of produced water (PW), which is an effluent containing high concentrations of pollutants that impact the environment and present a significant environmental liability for ...
Petroleum extraction generates large volumes of produced water (PW), which is an effluent containing high concentrations of pollutants that impact the environment and present a significant environmental liability for the fossil fuel industry. Among the various treatment approaches, biological methods—particularly those involving microalgae—have shown promise for PW remediation. In this study, we evaluated the bioremediation potential of PW using a microalga Chlorolobion braunii cultivated in 250 L photobioreactors. C. braunii was cultivated in a mixture containing 50 % PW and 50 % BG-11 (Blue green 11) medium (PW50%), while the control comprised only the BG-11 medium. Results demonstrated high removal efficiencies for nitrate (99.54 %), phosphate (77.78 %), iron (94 %), and manganese (75 %), along with a reduction in alkalinity (61 %). A total of 40 g of biomass was produced using 100 L of PW, containing 8.50 % lipids. This biomass mainly contained palmitic acid (C16:0) and elaidic acid (C18:1ω9t), indicating its suitability for biodiesel production according to the International Quality Standards of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751 ) and the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas, and Biofuels (ANP). The biomass also yielded 35.12 % bio-oil and 57.69 % non-condensable gases during pyrolysis. Furthermore, 30 g of exopolysaccharides (EPS) were obtained, which exhibited pseudoplastic characteristics—a property of industrial interest. Thus, the treatment using 50 % PW for the cultivation of C. braunii was deemed a promising strategy for bioremediation and facilitated the production of high-value bioproducts.
Human embryology is flourishing thanks to an impetus provided by embryo models formed from stem cells. These scientific advances require meticulous experimental work and a refined ethical framework, but also sensible ...
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Human embryology is flourishing thanks to an impetus provided by embryo models formed from stem cells. These scientific advances require meticulous experimental work and a refined ethical framework, but also sensible public communication. Securing public support is essential to achieve societal impact.
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