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Numerical simulation of fire in a gasoline storage tank in reduced-scale

Defect and Diffusion Forum 2017年 372卷 11-20页

作者： Miranda, Renan Spilka Indrusiak, Maria Luiza Sperb Centeno, Felipe Roman University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos Polytechnic School São LeopoldoRS Brazil University of Vale do Rio dos Sinos Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering São LeopoldoRS Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Department of Mechanical Engineering Porto AlegreRS Brazil

With the increasing demand for energy and fuels in Brazil, the storage of liquid fuels in multiple tanks is becoming much more usual, posing challenges from the point of view of fire safety. To study this type of phenomenon and to evaluate its possible causes, detecting failures such as ones in design and erection of storage systems or in detection and protection equipment, numerical simulations are performed based on real data. This work presents numerical simulations of a small-scale tank for gasoline storage, based on an experimental study reported in literature. The present research shows results related to temperature in the region adjacent to the tank on fire, fuel mass burning rate, heat release rate and average flame height. Comparisons are made between numerical and experimental results, as well as with available literature results for similar conditions. In addition to gasoline type C (which has anhydrous ethanol in its composition), also gasoline type A (anhydrous ethanol free) is considered. The results obtained for simulations with gasoline type A presented better agreement with literature data than those for gasoline type C, the differences being due to the variable composition of the type C fuel. For example, the reported fuel mass burning rate for gasoline in literature is 0.045 kg/(m2·s), while the present simulations provided values of 0.038 kg/(m2·s) for type C and 0.047 kg/(m2·s) for type A. © 2016 Trans Tech Publications.

关键词： Gasoline

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Localization of an autonomous personnel carrying vehicle in indoor environments 17

Localization of an autonomous personnel carrying vehicle in ...

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2017 International Conference on Mechatronics systems and Control engineering, ICMSCE 2017

作者： Altuǧ, Erdinç Gelbal, Şükrü Yaren Keçeci, Emin Faruk Gültekin, Mehmet Kabil Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University Gümüşsuyu Istanbul Turkey Mechatronics Graduate Program Istanbul Technical University Gümüşsuyu Istanbul Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Abdullah Gül University Kayseri Turkey System Dynamics and Control Graduate Program Istanbul Technical University Gümüşsuyu Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781450352079

There is an emerging need of intelligent vehicles on indoor environments such as university campuses, airports or shopping malls. These intelligent vehicles can help elderly, disabled, or people with heavy luggage. This paper describes an intelligent vehicle that can be used indoor as well as outdoor areas for this purpose. Finding the exact location for indoor robots is not an easy task, since Global Positioning System (GPS) is not available indoors. In this work onboard sensors such as motor encoder and steering-wheel encoder were used to obtain localization estimates. The errors are determined to be low even when the vehicle travels long distances. © 2017 ACM.

关键词： Vehicles

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Effect of temperature field and mechanical properties of casting on prediction of hot tearing tendency using FEM thermal stress analysis+1

Effect of temperature field and mechanical properties of cas...

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作者： Takai, Ryosuke Tsunoda, Tatsuya Kawada, Yasutaka Hirohara, Rei Okane, Toshimitsu Yoshida, Makoto Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering Waseda University Tokyo169-8555 Japan Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Creative Science and Engineering Waseda University Tokyo169-8555 Japan National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Ibaraki305-8564 Japan Kagami Memorial Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology Waseda University Tokyo169-0051 Japan IHI Corp. Tokyo135-8710 Japan Honda Motor Co. Ltd. Tokyo107-8556 Japan Toshiba Energy Systems and Solutions Corp. Kawasaki212-8585 Japan Honda Engineering Co. Ltd. Haga-gun Tochigi321-3325 Japan

It is known that hot tearing tendency increases with the increase in the cooling rate of casting during the solidification. As the direct control factors of the hot tearing, the cooling rate dependences of the temperature field of the casting and the mechanical property of alloys in the semisolid state have been implied. However, quantitative evaluation is not clarified yet to show which parameters is more important to predict hot tearing tendency. In this study, through the thermal stress analysis using cooling rate-dependent temperature fields of casting and cooling rate-dependent creep parameters in the semi-solid state, hot tearing tendency was predicted for an AlMg alloy during the solidification. For the prediction, the maximum principal creep strain accumulated during the solidification was used as the indicator of hot tearing tendencies. Then, the hot tearing tendencies were compared with experimental results. As a result, in the cooling rate range of this study which was corresponding to gravity die casting, it was found that the temperature fields are relatively more critical to predict hot tearing tendency than the creep parameters. © 2018 Japan Foundry engineering Society.

关键词： Solidification

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Design and Simulation of a Porous Rectangular Board-Foldable Trolley

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第1期644卷

作者： Yau-Ren Shiau Jiunn Fang Yu-Lan Chen Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Management Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan

To reduce the structural weight and volume and satisfy an optimal balance of performance constraints, a study using a porous rectangular foldable board and structurally improved trolley model was conducted, and motion simulations were performed to derive the static and transient structural properties. The simulations revealed that the fatigue lifetimes of both the main structure and the porous boards were in a high-standard-value range, whereas the transient analysis indicated that both the directional deformation and equivalent stress exhibited minimal local values. For porous boards simply supported only on two sides, the trolley had a much smaller collapsed volume than other types of trolley. The static analysis indicated that this trolley prototype had a good safety coefficient and long fatigue lifetime. The transient analysis showed that the porous area had a higher strength and bending load than the non-porous area. The overall transient response was close to that of a steady-state, showing a negligible effect on the ***.

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Diversity-Guided Generalized Extremal Optimization for Transformer Design Problem

Diversity-Guided Generalized Extremal Optimization for Trans...

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IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence

作者： Leandro dos S. Coelho Viviana C. Mariani Rafael B. Grebogi Emerson H. de Vasconcelos Segundo Mauricio V. Ferreira da Luz Jean V. Leite Roberto Z. Freire Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana - UFPR Curitiba Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana - UFPR Curitiba Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Federal Institute of Santa Catarina - IFSC Lages Brazil Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana - PUCPR Curitiba Brazil GRUCAD-EEL-CTC Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Florianópolis Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC Florianópolis Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Pontifical Catholic University of Parana - PUCPR Curitiba Brazil

Market competitiveness and pressure for rational use of resources led manufacturers to look for optimized electromagnetic devices. The large number of variables involving the design of this technology, as well as the compromise between performance and efficiency, have provide the opportunity to adopt optimization techniques in their design stage. Recently, a wide variety of both traditional and nontraditional mathematical algorithms have been introduced to solve challenging and practical optimization problems related to electromagnetic equipment. Evolutionary metaheuristics are general-purpose optimization algorithms inspired by natural self-organized systems and by biological evolution. An optimization method, called Extremal Optimization (EO), which is based on a simplified model of natural selection, was developed to show the emergence of self-organized criticality based on Bak-Sneppen model in ecosystems. Recently, a generalized version of EO method, called Generalized Extremal Optimization (GEO), was proposed. This technique can be applied to a broad class of design optimization problems. In order to enhance and to improve the search performance and efficiency of GEO, a novel Diversity-guided GEO (DGEO) metaheuristic algorithm, with focus in global continuous optimization, is proposed and investigated in this paper considering the design stage of an electromagnetic device. The analysis was carried for a single-phase transformer and revealed that DGEO provided considerable better performance in convergence speed and solution quality than standard GEO.

关键词： Metaheuristic optimization Transformer design Generalized extremal optimization Power-grid Power conversion

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Retracted: Effect of Types and Gap on Spark Plugs on Exhaust Emissions on the 110CC Double Wheel Vehicles and Its Dissemination Using Website

Retracted: Effect of Types and Gap on Spark Plugs on Exhaust...

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2018 Workshop on Multidisciplinary and Its Applications: Applied Mathematics, Computer Science, Information systems, and Information Technology, WMA-Mathcomtech 2018

作者： Ginting, Tinus Manurung, Hotler Harahap, Astro Julida Ongko, Erianto Hartono, H. Abdullah, Dahlan Erliana, Cut Ita Saddhono, Kundharu Sriadhi, S. Supriyono, S. Iskandar, Akbar Saleh, A.A. Sudarsana, I. Ketut Department of Mechanical Engineering Akademi Teknologi Industri Immanuel Indonesia Department of Informatics Akademi Teknologi Industri Immanuel Indonesia Department of Computer Science STMIK IBBI Medan Indonesia Department of Informatics Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Aceh Indonesia Graduate Program Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Negeri Medan Indonesia Department of Geography Education Universitas Prof Dr Hazairin SH Bengkulu Indonesia Department of Informatics STMIK AKBA Makassar Indonesia Statistics Financial and Social Sciences Research Group Indonesia Department of Religious Education Institut Hindu Dharma Negeri Denpasar Denpasar Indonesia

Based on the formulation of the problem to be discussed by the writer is to know: the influence of 0.4 mm spark gap variation, and standard spark plug type, to CO and HC, the influence of 0.5 mm spark plug gap variation, and variation of platinum spark plug on CO and HC, influence of spark gap variation 0,6mm, and variation of iridium spark plug type to CO and HC emission Method used to obtain data needed to support the writer that is research method with experiment, literature study method or literature study The result of this research concludes that there is spark gap influence 0.4 mm, with variations of standard plug, platinum and iridium spark plugs against CO and HC emissions, where the lowest CO value is 0.27% and HC 98 ppm, 0.5 mm spark plug with lowest CO 0.15% and HC 46 ppm, 0.6 mm spark plug gap the lowest CO value of 0.19% and HC 24 ppm. The results of this research will be disseminated using the website. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Information systems

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Phase change materials (PCM) for building envelope applications: A review of numerical models

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2019年第1期2191卷

作者： José Henrique Nazzi Ehms Rejane De Cesaro Oliveski Luiz Alberto Oliveira Rocha Cesare Biserni Massimo Garai 1Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos 93022-750 São Leopoldo Brazil 2Department of Industrial Engineering (DIN) School of Engineering and Architecture Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna Viale Risorgimento 2 40136 Bologna Italy

Phase Change Materials (PCM) present a great potential for energy efficiency gains in thermal systems, e.g. by storing solar energy in buildings or heat loads in industrial processes. This is because a great amount of energy can be stored per mass unit within a small temperature range. Significant applications of this peculiar characteristic of PCM regard the effective adoption of macro-encapsulated PCM into building envelopes. Several studies on this topic tend to be limited to a sort of “material selections” on PCM and a lack of systematic analysis has consequently emerged. In order to guarantee an effective use coupled with economic feasibility, a deep understanding of the phase transition phenomenon is needed. The study of PCM using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is documented in several works, in accordance with the current trend of CFD to become increasingly widespread. Numerical studies on solidification and melting processes use a combination of formulations to describe the physical phenomena related to such processes, mainly the latent heat and the velocity transition between the liquid and the solid phases. The methods used to describe the latent heat are divided in three main groups: (i) source term methods (E-STM), (ii) temperature transforming models (E-TTM) and (iii) enthalpy methods (E-EM). The description of the velocity transition is in turn divided in three main groups: (i) switch-off method (SOM), (ii) source term method (STM) and (iii) variable viscosity method (VVM). In this context, the main objective of the present paper is to review the numerical approaches used to describe solidification and melting processes.

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Investigation of a geometrical base parameter affecting on bending quality in a thin sheet metal 1st

Investigation of a geometrical base parameter affecting on b...

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1st International Conference on engineering Innovation, ICEI 2016

作者： Blattler, Aran Kamonrattanapisud, Maitri Intarakumthornchai, Thanasan Aue-U-lan, Yingyot program Sirindhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Thailand Department of Industrial Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9783038356912

A geometrical base parameter is investigated to determine the effect on a bending quality of a thin sheet metal for a roll forming process. This parameter is usually used as a criterion for the quality control of incoming materials for the bending process. This study was conducted by using a FEM simulation. The determination of the geometrical base parameter was considered as an appropriate and unique characteristic for each type of materials. To find this geometrical base parameter, the dimensions of the workpiece must be measured while loading. The sensitivity of the bend allowance of a sheet metal was dependent on this geometrical base parameter. The high geometrical base parameter was led to indicate the elongation and the strength of the material. The principles of the geometrical base parameter are dependent on several factors, such as the bending angle, bending radius, material thickness, bend allowance, bending types and mechanical properties of materials. The outcomes of this study could provide the information used to enhance the bend quality of the sheet metal. © 2017 Trans Tech Publications.

关键词： Sheet metal

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Vibration analysis of a cantilever beam with viscoelastic neutralizers using fiber bragg gratings 17

Vibration analysis of a cantilever beam with viscoelastic ne...

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17th SBMO/IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, IMOC 2017

作者： Linessio, Rafael Pomorski Da Silva, Jean Carlos Cardozo Dos Santos Tavares, Lucas Henrique Da Silva, Thiago Bavastri, Carlos Alberto Federal University of Technology-Parana Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Av. Sete de Setembro 3165 Curitiba-PR-ZIP80.230-910 Brazil Federal University of Parana Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Av. Coronel Francisco Heraclito dos Santos 100 Curitiba-PR ZIP81.531-980 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509062416

In this paper the vibration analysis of a cantilever beam with viscoelastic neutralizer using fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) is presented. The optimal design, of the neutralizer, is achieved through a robust methodology developed by the Research Group on Vibrations and Sound in mechanical systems (GVIBS) at Federal University of Parana (UFPR). Such methodology uses the Finite Element Method (FEM) to obtain the modal analysis of the system that will be controlled. The Generalized Equivalent Parameters (GEP) and Nonlinear Optimization Techniques (NLOT) are applied. The viscoelastic neutralizer was projected to control the range of frequency 250 Hz to 470 Hz. To verify the efficiency of the neutralizer the response of the FBG was compared with the response of the piezoelectric accelerometer. Both systems were positioned close to the clamped part of the beam. The analysis presents the efficiency of the viscoelastic neutralizer, proven by decrease of amplitude for the analyzed range when using the optical technique (25 dB) and traditional sensor (32 dB). This study allows validating the effectiveness of the vibration measurements of the FBG to the viscoelastic neutralizers projects. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Cantilever beams

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A study on static structural of non-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle 5

A study on static structural of non-rotor unmanned aerial ve...

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5th International Multi-Conference on engineering and Technology Innovation, IMETI 2016

作者： Chen, Yu-Lan Fang, Jiunn Shiau, Yau-Ren Hung, Wei-Chun Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Aerospace and Systems Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Systems Management Feng Chia University Taichung407 Taiwan

Multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become common in recent years, but non-rotor UAVs are still relatively rare. This study used an aerodynamic model to replace the multi-rotor design concept and examine load bearing capabilities, specifically for delivery of medical goods by non-rotor UAV. We use static structural simulations for static analysis and fatigue analysis to investigate the capabilities of different structural materials. The simulation results combined fatigue strength verifications, structural safety factor calculations, and finite element analyses to calculate parameters like total deformation, stress ratios, and strain magnitudes to analyze structural fatigue life. The analyses indicated that the factors of safety and fatigue lifetimes of two structural materials far exceeded standard values. They can be used to optimize designs that prevent plastic deformation and breakage. Time and money are saved in the research and development process by carrying out these calculations and static analyses of physical properties before prototypes are actually built. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2017.

关键词： Safety factor

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