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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Septiadi, Wayan Nata Astawa, Ketut Eleazar, Rolland Pierce Ramadhani, Dandi Bhaswara, Nabiel Rafa Angel Jayendra, Kadek Dananta Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Udayana Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia

The Li-ion battery is electrical storage in the form of chemical energy and is considered the strongest candidate for electrical-based automotive applications. The performance of the battery greatly affects the performance of electric vehicles. There is a need for effective thermal management to control battery temperature below a defined temperature such as 50°C. The thermal management system in the battery can be done by passively cooling it using heat pipes and heat sinks. This research was conducted by simulating the Makara Electric Vehicle's electric scooter battery module which was applied with a heat pipe-based cooling system. The simulated module focuses on heat pipes and 18650 lithium-ion batteries with discharge rate variations of 1C, 2C., and 3C. The method used is literature study and CFD simulation. The results show that the heat pipe cooling system can reduce battery temperature at each discharge rate variation of 12,85%, 16,23%, and 23,74%. Heat Pipe can absorb the highest heat of 68,1178 kW when the module uses a 3C battery. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cooling systems

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Variable Length Multi-Objective Whale Optimization for Trust Aware Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Network

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 32100-32121页

作者： Saad, Mohammed Ayad Jaafar, Rosmina Chellappan, Kalaivani Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Department of Electrical Electronics and System Engineering Selangor Bangi43600 Malaysia Al-Kitab University Department of Medical Instrumentations Technique Engineering Kirkuk36001 Iraq Universitas Airlangga Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Surabaya60115 Indonesia

Efficient data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is crucial. While traditional approaches rely on stationary data sinks, the use of mobile sinks, like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), has shown promise in enhancing data-gathering capabilities. However, existing methods often overlook the importance of trust, leaving the network susceptible to malicious or faulty nodes. To address this issue, we propose a novel trust-aware data-gathering algorithm, Variable Length Multi-Objective Whale Optimization Data Gathering (VLMOWO-DG). Our algorithm simultaneously optimizes energy consumption, delay, and trust while employing mobile sinks to collect data from sensor nodes. By considering trust as a key performance metric, we improve data reliability and security. The VLMOWO-DG algorithm introduces flexibility through variable-length solution representation and application-oriented operators, allowing for efficient exploration of the solution space. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms established benchmarks, NSGA-II and NSGA-III, in terms of domination and hypervolume. This leads to a remarkable improvement of 200% in data gathering performance. © 2015 The Authors.

关键词： Data collection

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Nanoparticle formulation of ZnO: TiO2 as sunscreen cream for Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE) patients 12

Nanoparticle formulation of ZnO: TiO2 as sunscreen cream for...

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12th International Conference on Physics and Its Applications, ICOPIA 2024

作者： Siswanto Qulub, Fitriyatul Junico, Vallery Ofelia Viannco Physics Program Study Faculty Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Biomedical Engineering Program Study Faculty Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia

Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE) is a form of lupus that affects the skin and is highly sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) light. UV-B. in particular. can trigger inflammation and apoptosis in CLE patients. making a sunscreen with effective UVB protection crucial. This study evaluates the effectiveness of zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in sunscreen. ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared using the High Energy Milling method. resulting in particle sizes of 7.77 nm and 4.44 nm. respectively. The creams containing these nanoparticles were tested for physical stability and UV protection. Results showed that the creams were physically stable and provided good UV protection. with ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles making up 12.60% of the total cream ingredients. resulting in the highest SPF (Sun Protection Factor) value of 62.0 ± 1.37. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： TiO2 nanoparticles

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Aerodynamic Analysis of Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid Electric Vehicle Using Computational Fluid Dynamics 4

Aerodynamic Analysis of Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid Electric Ve...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Robert, Rivaldo Anderson Sucipta, Made Made Widiyarta, I. Meylinda, Cindy Dwi Sinaga, Betty Florensia Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Udayana Kampus Unud Jimbaran Bali Badung80362 Indonesia

The aerodynamic properties of a vehicle are a factor in vehicle body development, such as the drag force, lift force, and flow pattern that occurs on the vehicle body. Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), such as ANSYS Fluent, those properties can be investigated to design and analyze in many applications. Obhi-Mec Unud Bio-Hybrid is one of the electric vehicles developed to support the decarbonization program investigated through the fluid flow phenomenon to evaluate the drag and lift forces. The ANSYS Fluent with a realizable k-epsilon flow model with a pressure-based solver and steady flow was simulated with various vehicle velocities of 30, 40, and 50 km/h. It is found that the increase in vehicle velocity increases the drag and lift forces experienced by the vehicle. These results are due to the flow disturbance phenomena observed around the vehicle body, such as flow stagnation points, boundary layers, flow separation, and wake and vortex formation. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assisted by Ultrasonic Vibrating Mesh Atomizer 4

Performance Investigation of Water Purification System Assis...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Agus Tri Putra, I.D.G. Septiadi, Wayan Nata Negara, Dewa Ngakan Ketut Putra Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Study Program Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Bali Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia Study Program of Doctor in Engineering Engineering Faculty Udayana University Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia

The growth of the metropolitan area has necessitated an increase in the demand for freshwater. One of the issues facing modern life is water treatment plant to supporting the communities. The approaches for treatment of the brackish water were carried out utilizing a wide range of technologies and technology. Many different technologies have been created recently to transform brackish water into freshwater using a variety of methods and equipment. One approach to produce extremely tiny water droplets is ultrasonic vibrating mesh. In this research, the performance of ultrasonic vibrating mesh has been investigated to purified the brackish water. This technique is similar to the distillation method in purification system of water traditionally. The evaluation of performance in this context has revolved around two key metrics: the rate of pure water production and the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) levels. Notably, the TDS content of brackish water saw a significant reduction, di-minishing by approximately 50 ppm, while the resulting quality of the pure water averaged at 354.6 ppm. Concurrently, the flow rate of pure water output was measured at an impressive 4.3 grams per minute. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Distillation

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The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Diesel Engine Fuelled by Pure Palm Oil 4

The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Die...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Prahmana, Rico Aditia Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo Reksowardojo, Iman Kartolaksono Prakoso, Tirto Juangsa, Firman Bagja Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Sumatera South Lampung35365 Indonesia Thermal Science and Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Pertamina Jakarta12220 Indonesia

In the last decade, the Indonesian government has implemented a program to use biodiesel as a substitute for fossil diesel to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. On the other hand, the development of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace fossil diesel has several challenges, one of which is the production of biodiesel, which is more complicated and requires a long process. However, the direct use of crude palm oil (CPO) in diesel engines is not recommended because it has many drawbacks. Research recently shows that fuel additives in diesel engines have promising prospects. Therefore, to solve the problem, this study used pure palm oil (PPaO) as the primary fuel, with the addition of silicon oxide (SiO2) as a fuel additive in diesel engines. The results showed that using SiO2 additive in PPaO can increase thermal efficiency by 18.8% at 60% load compared to diesel fuel (DF). Nevertheless, using this fuel increased specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 3.9% on average and increased the opacity by 153% compared to diesel fuel. These results indicate that SiO2 has the potential to be developed as an effective additive to PPaO fuel that can improve the efficiency and performance of diesel engines. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiesel

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Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using Wet Torrefaction Method with Various Concentrations of Acetic Acid 4

Combustion Profile of Bio-pellet Produced from Sawdust Using...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Pertiwi, Indah Ayu Muhammad Abubakar Setiawan, Adi Iskandar, Rizky Magister Program in Renewable Energy Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Kampus Bukit Indah Muara Satu Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Vocational Education Study Program Faculty of Teaching and Educational Science Universitas Malikussaleh Cot Teungku Nie Reuleut Muara Batu Aceh Utara24355 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikusssaleh Jalan Batam Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe24352 Indonesia

Sawdust is one of the industrial wastes which naturally contains low energy density. An effective method is needed to utilize this biomass as a solid fuel product. This work aimed to investigate the physical and combustion properties of bio-pellets produced from sawdust under the wet torrefaction method. To prepare sawdust bio-pellet a number of steps were carried out including the wet torrefaction process, dough preparation, pelletizing, and drying. Wet torrefaction was performed by hydrothermally treating the sample in an autoclave at a temperature of 130°C and pressure of 2 atm (g) for 80 minutes. For the hydrothermal process, the used acetic acid solution was varied with variations of 1.3 M, 1.8 M, and 2.3 M. Properties of the product were analyzed under proximate and bomb calorimetry analyses. To evaluate the combustion properties a purposely built test apparatus was developed equipped with a data logger system. Based on the results it can be observed that increases in torrefaction temperature and acetic acid concentration resulted in an increase in the calorific value as well as decreases in the ash content. The highest calorific value was 4745 kcal/kg obtained from sawdust torrefied in acetic acid with a concentration of 2.3 M at a temperature of 130?. This sample also exhibits the lowest ash content which is only 1.97%. The combustion test disclosed a maximum combustion temperature of 589? with a burning rate of 0.711 g/min. Overall, the wet torrefaction applied in this investigation was beneficially enhanced the properties of bio-pellet products. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sawdust

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Offsets Reconstruction Method for Clock Skew Measurement Over High-Jitter Communication

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SN Computer Science 2025年第5期6卷 1-14页

作者： Sastra, Nyoman Putra Saputra, Komang Oka Teng, Wei-Chung Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Jalan Raya Kampus Bukit Jimbaran Bali Badung 80361 Indonesia Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology No. 43 Section 4 Keelung Rd Taipei 106 China

Measuring clock skew of devices over a network fully relies on the offsets, the differences between sending and receiving times. Offsets that shape a thick line are the most ideal one as their slope is directly the clock skew sought. When some outliers separate from the thick line due to higher delay jitter, current advanced approaches use the lower bound or the majority of offsets to derive accurate clock skew. However, outliers in offsets that shape parallel dotted lines, reduce the availability of offsets in the lower region, and scatter widely the offsets from their majority zone. These conditions drive the current skew estimation approaches to lose their accuracy. This paper then developed a new method, which reconstructs back the outliers into their origin positions, in order to provide ideal offsets for clock skew measurement. The experimental evaluations have demonstrated that the clock skew accuracy of dotted-lines offsets tampered by outliers was improved from 2.1 to 0.9 ppm by the proposed reconstruction method. For a broader purpose, the reconstruction method has been adjusted to be implemented also on non-dotted-lines offsets. The robustness of the proposed method for this case has also been exhibited by the very ideal reconstructed offsets that shape like a thick line. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Clock skew Delay jitter Dotted lines Hough transform

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Review of Nano-Composite PCM AlN/EG and Heat Pipe as a Hybrid Battery Thermal Management System 4

Review of Nano-Composite PCM AlN/EG and Heat Pipe as a Hybri...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Kadek Ervan Hadi Wiryanta, I. Nindhia, Tjokorda Gde Tirta Septiadi, Wayan Nata Made Joni, I. Study Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Udayana University Bali Bukit Jimbaran80361 Indonesia Mechanical Engineering Department Politeknik Negeri Bali Bali Badung Indonesia Department of Physics Padjadjaran University Jl. Raya Bandung Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor Jawa Barat45363 Indonesia

The battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for maintaining the battery's temperature and hence its performance. BTMS is classified into three types: active cooling, passive cooling, and hybrid approaches. Because of its simple design, lack of additional power, and even temperature distribution, PCM is extensively used as a BTMS as a passive cooling technique. PCM also has drawbacks like leak sensitivity and limited heat conductivity. This stimulates PCM performance enhancement attempts. Adding reinforcing material to PCM is a standard way to increase its performance. Aluminum nitride (AlN) and expanded graphite (EG) are commonly employed as fillers. The addition of EG and nano-AlN materials can improve the performance of PCM composites compared to pure PCM. Chemical interactions between these materials do not take place either. It is undeniably advantageous that these two materials may be combined into pure paraffin-based PCM for energy storage applications. The combined or hybrid system of BTMS is the optimum alternative for increasing heat transmission from the battery modules into the surrounding environment. The battery temperature will at good maintained well with the combination of 2 (two) and 3 (three) passive cooling methods or even combined with active cooling methods such as air-forced convection. In BTMS, the heat pipe is widely employed as a heat transfer improvement. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heat pipes

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Urban geotourism development in the perspective of stakeholders

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International Journal of Geoheritage and Parks 2025年第1期13卷 102-116页

作者： Hadian, Mohamad Sapari Dwi Barkah, Mochmad Nursiyam Khadidjah, Ute Lies Siti Yuliawati, Ayu Krishna Aryanti, Asti Nur Suhardiman, Sani Geological Engineering Padjadjaran University Bandung 45363 Indonesia Communication Faculty Padjadjaran University Bandung 45363 Indonesia Economics and Business Education Faculty Indonesia University of Education Bandung 40154 Indonesia Management Study Program Universitas Indonesia Membangun Bandung 40266 Indonesia English Language Education Yogyakarta State University Sleman 55281 Indonesia Engineering Faculty Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang 41361 Indonesia

Geotourism is rapidly experiencing rapid growth in developing countries, such as Indonesia, and it is a component of sustainable tourism. In addition, the country has many areas of geodiversity in cities or towns that potentially can become urban geotourism destinations, such as the Bandung Basin area. This region is characterized by geological features, including young volcanic rocks surrounding the mountains, alluvial fans, and lake deposits at lower elevations extending from Rancaekek to the base of Mount Lagadar in the western part of the area. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the respective roles of stakeholders in urban geotourism development. The study used literature review and interview methodology, where data was interpreted with stakeholder analysis, and complemented by descriptive analysis. The results showed that stakeholders were divided into primary (quadrant 1), key (quadrant 2), and secondary (quadrant 3) categories, each with distinct interests and degree of influence. As urban tourism expands, it presents ongoing opportunities to cultivate sustainable practices within these locales. The establishment of urban geotourism necessitates the identification and evaluation of engaged stakeholders. The subsequent planning and management initiatives for the Bandung Basin area can be enhanced through the active participation of stakeholders. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Indonesia stakeholder analysis urban geotourism volcanoes

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