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The Development of Mini Portable Digester Designs for Domestic and Restaurant Solid Waste Processing to be Clean Biogas as Energy's Alternative to Replace LPG

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2016年第1期114卷

作者： A Mansur D Janari dan N Setiawan Industrial Engineering Study Program. Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia

Biofuel is developed as an alternative source of second generation energy that could be attained from organic waste. This research is purposed to create applicative and cheap Portable digester unit for society. The design concepts' screening that was made under considerations of the experts is finally resumed. Design 1 with final weight score of 1, design 2 with final weight score of -1, design 3 with final weight score of 2, design 4 with final weight score 3, design 5 with final weight score of -1, design 6 with final weight score of 0. Accepted designs for further concept assessment are design 1, 2 and 6. The result of concept assessment applies weighting for the scoring. Design 1 resulting 2.67, design 2 results 2.15 while design 3 results 2.52. Design 1 is concluded as the design with biggest result, which is 2.67. Its specification is explained as follows: tank capacity of 60 liters, manual rotating crank pivot, tank's material is plastic with symbol 1, material of axle swivel arm is grey cast iron, 2 mm rotary blades with hole. The experiment 1 contained 23.78% methane and 13.65 carbon dioxide that resulted from content test.

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Ferrous Ion and Medium Composition Effects on Acidogenic Phase in Biobutanol Production from Molasses

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期877卷

作者： E Restiawaty D Grinanda Study Program of Bioenergy and Chemurgy Engineering Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jln. Let. Jen. Purn. Dr. (HC) Mashudi No. 1 Sumedang West Java 45363 Indonesia Biosciences and Biotechnology Research Centre Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 West Java Indonesia.

Clostridium acetobutylicum B530 has ability to convert sugar into biobutanol through two phases, i.e. acidogenic and solventogenic. This fermentation process is often hampered by high raw material cost and low product yield. In order to suppress the production cost, the molasses, a byproduct of sugar cane process production, was used as carbon source in this research. Molasses has nitrogen content in a small amount, thus could be negating the beef extract component, which is expected not to affect the growth of C. acetobutylicum B530 and also can reduce the production cost. In addition, a certain amount of Fe2+ (ferrous ion), a precursor in the formation of the enzyme ferredoxin, was added to the fermentation medium to contribute in the synthesis of acetyl-CoA, so that the formation of acidogenic products such as butyric acid and acetic acid is affected. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ferrous ion and the medium composition in acidogenic phase. The addition of 20 ppm FeSO4.7H2O in the fermentation medium without beef extract can increase the concentration of butyric acid by 20% at a temperature of 35°C, while acetic acid concentration decreased by 6%. According to those results, it is expected that the product selectivity of butanol will increase in solventogenic phase. In addition, the removal of beef extract in the fermentation medium does not affect the kinetics of growth of C. acetobutylicum B530.

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Effects of alkali treatment on the mechanical and thermal properties of Sansevieria trifasciata fiber

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1725卷

作者： Mardiyati Steven Raden Reza Rizkiansyah A. Senoaji R. Suratman 1Materials Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

In this study, Sansevieria trifasciata fibers were treated by NaOH with concentration 1%,3%, and 5wt% at 100°C for 2 hours. Chesson-Datta methods was used to determine the lignocellulose content of raw sansevieria fibers and to investigate effect of alkali treatment on lignin content of the fiber. Mechanical properties and thermal properties of treated and untreated fibers were measured by means of tensile testing machine and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).The cellulose and lignin contents of raw sansevieria fiber obtained from Chesson-Datta method were 56% and 6% respectively. Mechanical testing of fibers showed the increase of tensile strength from 647 MPa for raw fibers to 902 MPa for 5wt% NaOH treated fibers. TGA result showed the alkali treatment increase the thermal resistance of fibers from 288°C for raw fibers to 307°C for 5% NaOH treated fiber. It was found that alkali treatment affect the mechanical properties and thermal properties of sansevieria fibers.

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Search for Continuous Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars in the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run

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Astrophysical Journal 2025年第2期983卷 99-99页

作者： Abac, A.G. Abbott, R. Abouelfettouh, I. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adhicary, S. Adhikari, N. Adhikari, R.X. Adkins, V.K. Agarwal, D. Agathos, M. Aghaei Abchouyeh, M. Aguiar, O.D. Aguilar, I. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Akutsu, T. Albanesi, S. Alfaidi, R.A. Al-Jodah, A. Alléné, C. Allocca, A. Al-Shammari, S. Altin, P.A. Alvarez-Lopez, S. Amato, A. Amez-Droz, L. Amorosi, A. Amra, C. Ananyeva, A. Anderson, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Andia, M. Ando, M. Andrade, T. Andres, N. Andrés-Carcasona, M. Andrić, T. Anglin, J. Ansoldi, S. Antelis, J.M. Antier, S. Aoumi, M. Appavuravther, E.Z. Appert, S. Apple, S.K. Arai, K. Araya, A. Araya, M.C. Areeda, J.S. Argianas, L. Aritomi, N. Armato, F. Arnaud, N. Arogeti, M. Aronson, S.M. Ashton, G. Aso, Y. Assiduo, M. Assis de Souza Melo, S. Aston, S.M. Astone, P. Attadio, F. Aubin, F. AultONeal, K. Avallone, G. Babak, S. Badaracco, F. Badger, C. Bae, S. Bagnasco, S. Bagui, E. Baier, J.G. Baiotti, L. Bajpai, R. Baka, T. Ball, M. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S.W. Banagiri, S. Banerjee, B. Bankar, D. Baral, P. Barayoga, J.C. Barish, B.C. Barker, D. Barneo, P. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartoletti, A.M. Barton, M.A. Bartos, I. Basak, S. Basalaev, A. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Bates, D.E. Bawaj, M. Baxi, P. Bayley, J.C. Baylor, A.C. Baynard, P.A. Bazzan, M. Bedakihale, V.M. Beirnaert, F. Bejger, M. Belardinelli, D. Bell, A.S. Benedetto, V. Benoit, W. Bentley, J.D. Ben Yaala, M. Bera, S. Berbel, M. Bergamin, F. Berger, B.K. Bernuzzi, S. Beroiz, M. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Beveridge, D. Bevins, N. Bhandare, R. Bhardwaj, U. Bhatt, R. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhaumik, S. Bhowmick, S. Bianchi, A. Bilenko, I.A. Billingsley, G. Binetti, A. Bini, S. Birnholtz, O. Biscoveanu, S. Bisht, A. Bitossi, M. Bizouard, M.-A. Blackburn, J.K. Blagg, L.A. Blair, C.D. Blair, D.G. Bobba, F. Bode, N. Boileau, G. Boldrini, M. Bolingbroke, G.N. Bolliand, A. Bonavena, L.D. Bondarescu, R. Bondu, F. Bonilla, E. Bonilla, M.S. Bonino, A. Bonnand, R. Booker, P. Borchers, A. Boschi, V. Bose, S. Boss Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Potsdam D-14476 Germany LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena 91125 CA United States LIGO Hanford Observatory Richland 99352 WA United States Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno Fisciano Salerno I-84084 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Napoli I-80126 Italy University of Warwick Coventry CV 47AL United Kingdom The Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee 53201 WI United States Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA United States Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy Sejong University 209 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 South Korea Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São José dos Campos São Paulo 12227-010 Brazil Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Università di Roma Tor Vergata Roma I-00133 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Roma I-00133 Italy Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen 2000 Belgium International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena D-07743 Germany Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy SUPA University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom OzGrav University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA

Continuous gravitational waves (CWs) emission from neutron stars carries information about their internal structure and equation of state, and it can provide tests of general relativity. We present a search for CWs from a set of 45 known pulsars in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run, known as O4a. We conducted a targeted search for each pulsar using three independent analysis methods considering single-harmonic and dual-harmonic emission models. We find no evidence of a CW signal in O4a data for both models and set upper limits on the signal amplitude and on the ellipticity, which quantifies the asymmetry in the neutron star mass distribution. For the single-harmonic emission model, 29 targets have the upper limit on the amplitude below the theoretical spin-down limit. The lowest upper limit on the amplitude is 6.4 × 10^-27 for the young energetic pulsar J0537-6910, while the lowest constraint on the ellipticity is 8.8 × 10^-9 for the bright nearby millisecond pulsar J0437-4715. Additionally, for a subset of 16 targets, we performed a narrowband search that is more robust regarding the emission model, with no evidence of a signal. We also found no evidence of nonstandard polarizations as predicted by the Brans-Dicke theory. © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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Determining the robust counterpart of uncertain spatial optimization model for water supply allocation problem

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2016年第1期1716卷

作者： D. Chaerani B. N. Ruchjana S. P. Dewanto A. S. Abdullah J. Rejito Y. Rosandi I. A. Dharmawan 1Study Program in Mathematics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia 2Study Program in Informatics Engineering Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia 3Study Program in Geophysics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Padjadjaran Indonesia

In this paper we discuss how to get the robust counterpart for the spatial optimization model for water supply allocation (SOMWSA) problem that is proposed by [6]. We employ the robust counterpart methodology that is proposed by Ben-Tal and Nemirovskii [2] also use the new paradigm of robust counterpart methodology of den Hertog et al. [4]. To this end, first we define the uncertain family class of SOMWSA and derive the robust version of the uncertain problem. We assume that there are two uncertain data in SOMWSA problem, ie., the total population and the water demand in a region i at time t. Since the tractability of the problem is very important in Robust Optimization, we discuss three types of uncertainty set, i.e., box, ellipsoidal and polyhedral uncertainty set.

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Light, the universe, and everything-12 Herculean tasks for quantum cowboys and black diamond skiers

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Agarwal, Girish Allen, Roland E. Bezdìková, Iva Boyd, Robert W. Chen, Goong Hanson, Ronald Hawthorne, Dean L. Hemmer, Philip Kim, Moochan B. Kocharovskaya, Olga Lee, David M. Lidström, Sebastian K. Lidström, Suzy Losert, Harald Maier, Helmut Neuberger, John W. Padgett, Miles J. Raizen, Mark Rajendran, Surjeet Rasel, Ernst Schleich, Wolfgang P. Scully, Marlan O. Shchedrin, Gavriil Shvets, Gennady Sokolov, Alexei Svidzinsky, Anatoly Walsworth, Ronald L. Weiss, Rainer Wilczek, Frank Willner, Alan E. Yablonovich, Eli Zheludev, Nikolay Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Brehova 7 Praha 1-Staré mìsto11519 Czech Republic Department of Physics Technical University of Ostrava 17 Listopadu 15 Ostrava-Poruba70833 Czech Republic Department of Physics School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N6N5 Canada Institute of Optics Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow GlasgowG128QQ United Kingdom Department of Mathematics Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Education City Doha Qatar Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology P.O. Box 5046 Delft2600 GA Netherlands Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas A&M Energy Institute Texas A&M University TX77843 United States Department of Physics Strathclyde University GlasgowG11XJ United Kingdom Physica Scripta Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences StockholmSE-10405 Sweden Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89081 Germany Institut für Zahlentheorie und Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89081 Germany Department of Mathematics University of North Texas DentonTX76203-5017 United States College of Natural Sciences University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720-7300 United States Institut fuer Quantenoptik QUEST-LFS Welfengarten 1 Hannover30167 Germany Hagler Insti

The Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics (PQE) has been a seminal force in quantum optics and related areas since 1971. It is rather mindboggling to recognize how the concepts presented at these conferences have transformed scientific understanding and human society. In January, 2017, the participants of PQE were asked to consider the equally important prospects for the future, and to formulate a set of questions representing some of the greatest aspirations in this broad field. The result is this multi-authored paper, in which many of the world's leading experts address the following fundamental questions: (1) What is the future of gravitational wave astronomy? (2) Are there new quantum phases of matter away from equilibrium that can be found and exploited-such as the time crystal? (3) Quantum theory in uncharted territory: What can we learn? (4) What are the ultimate limits for laser photon energies? (5) What are the ultimate limits to temporal, spatial, and optical resolution? (6) What novel roles will atoms play in technology? (7) What applications lie ahead for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond? (8) What is the future of quantum coherence, squeezing, and entanglement for enhanced superresolution and sensing? (9) How can we solve (some of) humanity's biggest problems through new quantum technologies? (10) What new understanding of materials and biological molecules will result from their dynamical characterization with free electron lasers? (11) What new technologies and fundamental discoveries might quantum optics achieve by the end of this century? (12) What novel topological structures can be created and employed in quantum optics? Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Comparison of Pretreatment Methods on Vetiver Leaves for Efficient Processes of Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation by Neurospora sp.

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2017年第1期877卷 012048-012048页

作者： Restiawaty, E Dewi, A Study Program of Bioenergy and Chemurgy Engineering Research Group of Chemical Engineering Process Design and Development Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jln. Let. Jen. Purn. Dr. (HC) Mashudi No. 1 Sumedang West Java 45363 Indonesia Biosciences and Biotechnology Research Centre Institut Teknologi Bandung Jln. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Biosciences and Biotechnology Research Centre Institut Teknologi Bandung Jln. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential raw material for bioethanol production. Neurospora sp. can be used to convert lignocellulosic biomass into bioethanol because of its ability to perform simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. However, lignin content, degree of polymerization, and crystallinity of cellulose contained in lignocellulosic biomass can inhibit cellulosic-biomass digestion by Neurospora sp, so that a suitable pretreatment method of lignocellulosic biomass is needed. The focus of this research was to investigate the suitable pretreatment method for vetiver leaves (Vetiveria zizanioides L. Nash) used as a raw material producing bioethanol in the process of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) by Neurospora sp.. Vetiver plants obtained from Garut are deliberately cultivated to produce essential oils extracted from the roots of this plant. Since the vetiver leaves do not contain oil, some of harvested leaves are usually used for crafts and cattle feed, and the rest are burned. This study intended to look at other potential of vetiver leaves as a source of renewable energy. Pretreatments of the vetiver leaves were conducted using hot water, dilute acid, alkaline & dilute acid, and alkaline peroxide, in which each method was accompanied by thermal treatment. The results showed that the alkaline peroxide treatment is a suitable for vetiver leaves as indicated by the increase of cellulose content up to 65.1%, while the contents of hot water soluble, hemicellulose, lignin, and ash are 8.7%, 18.3%, 6.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Using this pretreatment method, the vetiver leaves can be converted into bioethanol by SSF process using Neurospora sp. with a concentration of bioethanol of 6.7 g/L operated at room temperature.

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Geological, isothermal, and isobaric 3-D model construction in early stage of geothermal exploration

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2016年第1期42卷

作者： M P Saputra Suryantini D Catigtig R Regandara S N Asnin A B Pratama Graduate Program in Geothermal Technology Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Engineering Geology Study Program Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Emerging Power Inc. Philippines

Construction of geology, thermal anomaly and pressure distribution of a geothermal system in the early stage of exploration where data is limited is described using a 3-D software, Leapfrog Geothermal. The geological 3-D model was developed from a topographic map (derived from DEM data), geological map and literature studies reported in an early geological survey. The isothermal 3-D model was constructed using reservoir temperature estimation from geothermometry calculated from chemical analyses on surface manifestations, available shallow gradient temperature hole data and the normal gradient temperature (3°C/100m) for a nonthermal area. The isobaric 3-D model was built using hydrostatic pressure where the hydrostatic pressure is determined by the product of the fluid density, acceleration due to gravity, and depth. Fluid density is given by saturated liquid density as a function of temperature. There are some constraints on the modelling result such as (1) within the predicted reservoir, the geothermal gradient is not constant but continues to increase, thus, creating an anomalously high temperature at depth, and (2) the lithology model is made by interpolating and extrapolating cross-sections whereas usually only two to three geology sections were available for this study. Hence, the modeller must understand the geology. An additional cross section was developed by the modeller which may not be as suitable as the geologist constructed sections. The results of this study can be combined with geophysical data such as gravity, geomagnetic, micro-tremor and resistivity data. The combination of geological, geochemical, isothermal, isobaric and geophysical data could be used in (1) estimating the geometry and size of the geothermal reservoir, (2) predicting the depth of top reservoir, and (3) creating well prognosis for exploration and production wells.

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Accelerating internet penetration to rural areas: A government-sponsored internet-kiosks deployment project in Garut Regency, West Java of Indonesia 9

Accelerating internet penetration to rural areas: A governme...

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9th International Conference on Telecommunication Systems Services and Applications, TSSA 2015

作者： Kurniawan, A. Zakia, I. Wartika, E. Austin, A.G. School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganeca 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Study Program of Film and Television Institut Seni Budaya Bandung Jalan Buahbatu 212 Bandung40265 Indonesia Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environment Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganeca 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467384469

Internet penetration in developing countries depend on a variety of factors, including the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the density of telephone connections, and the density of personal computer users. Internet kiosks have been deployed in 21 rural ditrict areas of Garut Regency to facilitate internet access for local/district government as well as for the community who have no access to internet. Each district was equiped with 10 PCs, a printer, a scanner, and an internet connection either using DSL or cellular access technology. The program was government sponsored through the Ministry of Communications and Information of the Republic of Indonesia. This program was also designed to provide education and training for the district internet kiosks operator as well as for the staffs of information technology at Garut Regency, on understanding, efficient use, management, maintenance, as well as the ethical/professional use of information to upgrade their skills. This study was then conducted to evaluate factors affecting internet penetration in rural areas of Garut Regency, West Java of Indonesia. © 2015 IEEE.

关键词： Demography

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Methodology development of information technology value engineering using systems engineering approach

Methodology development of information technology value engi...

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International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI)

作者： Lukman Abdurrahman Suhardi Armein Z.R. Langi Information Systems Program Study Faculty of Industrial Engineering Telkom University Bandung Indonesia School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467366656

This study directs to research the developed business performance based on optimal costs, which is enabled by an IT value engineering concept, namely an engineering method due to IT inclusion within an organization to generate excellent performances at minor cost. Thus, the method is using systems engineering in which the processes through an engineering design process by defining the problem, generating alternative solutions, selecting a solution, detailing the design, validating the model. Furthermore, this methodology combines with the resource-based view and the partial adjustment theories. At that point, the results disclose a parallel fashion model to remain business performance completely at minimum costs.

关键词： Modeling Business Mathematical model Production systems Information technology

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