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Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason Dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy Davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie Roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Vedant Dhruv Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Dougal Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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Tectonics earthquake distribution pattern analysis based focal mechanisms (Case study Sulawesi Island, 1993–2012)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1658卷

作者： Muh. Fawzy Ismullah M. Lantu Sabrianto Aswad Muh. Altin Massinai 1Master Program Geophysical Engineering Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering (FTTM) Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB) Jl. Ganesha no. 10 Bandung 40116 Jawa Barat INDONESIA 2Geophysics Program Study Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Hasanuddin University (UNHAS) Jl. PerintisKemerdekaan Km. 10 Makassar 90245 Sulawesi Selatan INDONESIA

Indonesia is the meeting zone between three world main plates: Eurasian Plate, Pacific Plate, and Indo – Australia Plate. Therefore, Indonesia has a high seismicity degree. Sulawesi is one of whose high seismicity level. The earthquake centre lies in fault zone so the earthquake data gives tectonic visualization in a certain place. This research purpose is to identify Sulawesi tectonic model by using earthquake data from 1993 to 2012. Data used in this research is the earthquake data which consist of: the origin time, the epicenter coordinate, the depth, the magnitude and the fault parameter (strike, dip and slip). The result of research shows that there are a lot of active structures as a reason of the earthquake in Sulawesi. The active structures are Walannae Fault, Lawanopo Fault, Matano Fault, Palu – Koro Fault, Batui Fault and Moluccas Sea Double Subduction. The focal mechanism also shows that Walannae Fault, Batui Fault and Moluccas Sea Double Subduction are kind of reverse fault. While Lawanopo Fault, Matano Fault and Palu – Koro Fault are kind of strike slip fault.

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Preliminary result of P-wave speed tomography beneath North Sumatera region

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1658卷

作者： Jajat Jatnika Andri Dian Nugraha Wandono Earth Science Study Program Institute of Technology Bandung Indonesia Indonesian Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency MCGA Jakarta Indonesia Global Geophysical Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Insitute of Technology Bandung Indonesia

The structure of P-wave speed beneath the North Sumatra region was determined using P-wave arrival times compiled by MCGA from time periods of January 2009 to December 2012 combining with PASSCAL data for February to May 1995. In total, there are 2,246 local earthquake events with 10,666 P-wave phases from 63 stations seismic around the study area. Ray tracing to estimate travel time from source to receiver in this study by applying pseudo-bending method while the damped LSQR method was used for the tomographic inversion. Based on assessment of ray coverage, earthquakes and stations distribution, horizontal grid nodes was set up of 30×30 km2 for inside the study area and 80×80 km2 for outside the study area. The tomographic inversion results show low Vp anomaly beneath Toba caldera complex region and around the Sumatra Fault Zones (SFZ). These features are consistent with previous study. The low Vp anomaly beneath Toba caldera complex are observed around Mt. Pusuk Bukit at depths of 5 km down to 100 km. The interpretation is these anomalies may be associated with ascending hot materials from subduction processes at depths of 80 km down to 100 km. The obtained Vp structure from local tomography will give valuable information to enhance understanding of tectonic and volcanic in this study area.

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Adaptive neural networks for nonlinear dynamic systems identification

Adaptive neural networks for nonlinear dynamic systems ident...

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2013 5th International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Modelling and Simulation, CIMSim 2013

作者： Sitompul, Erwin Study Program Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering President University Bekasi Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9780769551555

A new scheme for adaptive neural networks for nonlinear dynamic system identification is proposed in this paper. The network of structure multi-layer perceptron with external recurrence is trained offline at first to get the initial network parameters. The parameters of the network are classified into short-term memory part and long-term memory part. The short-term memory part includes the parameters which are linear to the network output. In the implementation, the network is validated in each sampling time using a set of new measurement data. Training procedure will be executed if the model error exceeds a specified value and the short-term memory part will be adjusted. The application in modelling of room thermal behaviour demonstrates the performance of the proposed scheme. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Nonlinear dynamical systems

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Blind and lighting control to maintain comfort light intensity of the classroom utilizing Microcontroller ATmega8535

Blind and lighting control to maintain comfort light intensi...

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2013 5th International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical engineering, ICITEE 2013

作者： Silitonga, Arthur Indrawan, I Gusti L. W. Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering President University Bekasi Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904259

A stable light intensity level of a classroom can actually be obtained by integrating automatic lamp brightness controller with automatic blind system. A brightness controller of the lamp, especially incandescent type can be developed by adopting the principle of phase firing angle. It should be implemented in such a way so that the firing angle is set precisely to keep the classroom's light intensity stays in a steady level. Next, the opening and closing process of the blind can also be done using stepper motor which will be controlled automatically by a microcontroller through a hardware driver. This is intended to take the advantage of light contribution from the outside instead of directly switching on or brightening the lamp. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Controllers

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Vulnerability and economic considerations in designing network topology

Vulnerability and economic considerations in designing netwo...

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2013 13th International Conference on Quality in Research, QiR 2013 - In Conjunction with the 2nd International Conference on Civic Space, ICCS 2013

作者： Suhartomo, Antonius Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering President Univeristy Kota Jababeka Bekasi 17550 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781467357852

Technological developments change the way of life of all people in interacting with each other, regardless of distance and time. One such interaction is the activity of the exchange of information through communication networks, which are either one-way or two-way with a variety of information, such as voices, images, and data, with the desire to have a fast and reliable delivery. If G(V, E) represents a graph or a network with a number of nodes, V = n, and the number of links, E = e, then assume the nodes are reliable and the links can fail. We investigate new parameter of connectivity called 'k-component order edge-connectivity' or 'component order edge-connectivity', denoted by λ (k)c, in which within each type of topology is then compared such as in the topology of path, cycle, star, complete, and wheel networks, then choose the best selection in vulnerability and economic point of views. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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1-D seismic velocity model and hypocenter relocation using double difference method around West Papua region

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1658卷

作者： Agung Sabtaji Andri Dian Nugraha 1Study Program of Earth Sciences Faculty of Earth Sciencies and Technology Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia 2Indonesia’s Agency for Meteorological Climatological and Geophysics Region V Jayapura 1572 Indonesia 3Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia

West Papua region has fairly high of seismicity activities due to tectonic setting and many inland faults. In addition, the region has a unique and complex tectonic conditions and this situation lead to high potency of seismic hazard in the region. The precise earthquake hypocenter location is very important, which could provide high quality of earthquake parameter information and the subsurface structure in this region to the society. We conducted 1-D P-wave velocity using earthquake data catalog from BMKG for April, 2009 up to March, 2014 around West Papua region. The obtained 1-D seismic velocity then was used as input for improving hypocenter location using double-difference method. The relocated hypocenter location shows fairly clearly the pattern of intraslab earthquake beneath New Guinea Trench (NGT). The relocated hypocenters related to the inland fault are also observed more focus in location around the fault.

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Preliminary results of characteristic seismic anisotropy beneath Sunda-Banda subduction-collision zone

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1658卷

作者： Samsul H. Wiyono Andri Dian Nugraha 1Study Program of Earth Sciences Faculty of Earth Sciences and Technology Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia 2Indonesia’s Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Jakarta 10610 Indonesia 3Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institute of Technology Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Phone: +62-22 2534137

Determining of seismic anisotropy allowed us for understanding the deformation processes that occured in the past and present. In this study, we performed shear wave splitting to characterize seismic anisotropy beneath Sunda-Banda subduction-collision zone. For about 1,610 XKS waveforms from INATEWS-BMKG networks have been analyzed. From its measurements showed that fast polarization direction is consistent with trench-perpendicular orientation but several stations presented different orientation. We also compared between fast polarization direction with absolute plate motion in the no net rotation and hotspot frame. Its result showed that both absolute plate motion frame had strong correlation with fast polarization direction. Strong correlation between the fast polarization direction and the absolute plate motion can be interpreted as the possibility of dominant anisotropy is in the asthenosphere..

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Earthquake location determination using data from DOMERAPI and BMKG seismic networks: A preliminary result of DOMERAPI project

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2015年第1期1658卷

作者： Mohamad Ramdhan Andri Dian Nugraha Sri Widiyantoro Jean-Philippe Métaxian Ayunda Aulia Valencia 1Study Program of Earth Science Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia 2Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics of Indonesia (BMKG) Jl. Angkasa 1 No. 2 Kemayoran Jakarta Pusat 10720 Indonesia 3Global Geophysics Research Group Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut TeknologiBandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia 4Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) France 5Study Program of Geophysical Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia (Email: mohamad.ramdhan@bmkg.go.id)

DOMERAPI project has been conducted to comprehensively study the internal structure of Merapi volcano, especially about deep structural features beneath the volcano. DOMERAPI earthquake monitoring network consists of 46 broad-band seismometers installed around the Merapi volcano. Earthquake hypocenter determination is a very important step for further studies, such as hypocenter relocation and seismic tomographic imaging. Ray paths from earthquake events occurring outside the Merapi region can be utilized to delineate the deep magma structure. Earthquakes occurring outside the DOMERAPI seismic network will produce an azimuthal gap greater than 1800. Owing to this situation the stations from BMKG seismic network can be used jointly to minimize the azimuthal gap. We identified earthquake events manually and carefully, and then picked arrival times of P and S waves. The data from the DOMERAPI seismic network were combined with the BMKG data catalogue to determine earthquake events outside the Merapi region. For future work, we will also use the BPPTKG (Center for Research and Development of Geological Disaster Technology) data catalogue in order to study shallow structures beneath the Merapi volcano. The application of all data catalogues will provide good information as input for further advanced studies and volcano hazards mitigation.

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Blind and lighting control to maintain comfort light intensity of the classroom utilizing Microcontroller ATmega8535

Blind and lighting control to maintain comfort light intensi...

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International Conference on Information Technology and Electrical engineering (ICITEE)

作者： Arthur Silitonga I Gusti L. W. Indrawan Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering President University Bekasi Indonesia Study Program of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering President University Bekasi Indonesia

关键词： Voltage measurement Firing Brightness Switches Testing

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