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Failure Analyses on Corrosion of Hot Water Tank Storage Made from Stainless Steel

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期1007卷

作者： Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia I Putu Widya Semara I Wayan Bandem Adnyana I Wayan Surata I Gusti Komang Dwijana Study Program of Mechanical engineering Engineering faculty Udayana University Jimbaran Bali Indonesia 80361 Graduate student Study Program of Master in Mechanical Engineering EngineeringFaculty Udayana University Bali Indonesia 80361

Hot water storage tank that was made from stainless still was investigated in this case. The tank was found failure in service due to corrosion in welded section. Corrosion also was found at the bottom part of the storage tank. The tank was used for no longer than one year but unfortunately severe corrosion was found. The purpose of this research is to find the reason why the tank easily corroded especially at the bottom part and at the welding section. The research was carried out by conducting metallographic examination directly in situ by utilizing portable metallographic microscope. It is found from investigation that the corrosion was happen due to galvanic corrosion. Investigation by using X ray fluorescence also agree that the composition of the bottom part of the tank was different with the wall, and upper section. The welding filler also was found not correctly prepared that make pitting corrosion to occur. It is suggested to conduct advance research to investigate the correct composition for the filler during welding.

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The effect of adding microalgae extract Spirulina platensis containing flavonoid in the formation of Sunscreen towards cream stability and SPF values

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2255卷

作者： Dianursanti M. B. Prakasa P. Nugroho 1Bioprocess Engineering Study Program Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 Indonesia

The use of sunscreen is a way to protect the skin from the danger of UV exposure. Nowadays, there are a lot of sunscreens based on chemical (synthetic organic) on the market, such as ovobenzone, oxybenzone, otisalate which have proved as toxic chemicals for the skin. The researches related to the use of natural ingredients as active agent for sunscreen are continuously increasing, one of them is the microalgae. Microalgae Spirulina plantesis is cyanobateria which has naturally absorbed UV compounds in its cells, namely flavonoid. Flavonoid has the potential to be used as active sunscreen's ingredient because of its ability to absorb maximum wavelength in the range of UV rays, as well as increase the SPF value. In this research, flavonoid is varied in the range of 1-10% w/w and the ratio of olive oil:candelilla wax were varied, which were 10:1 and 5:1 with the composition's range of wax is 35-40% w/w to obtain both optimal cream stability and SPF values from sunscreen cream preparations. The results show that the total flavonoid compound in the dried and fresh basis sample of microalgae were 22.10 mg/g extract and 10.91 mg/g extract respectively. The best composition of sunscreen on this research was sunscreen with 7% (w/w) microalgae extract and the ratio between olive oil : candelilla wax was 35:7, because this formulation gives good SPF value (29.06) which is categorized as ultra-SPF and has the good stability score (17.33 from 20). Therefore, the sunscreen from microalgae extract which contains flavonoid are safe to use, because the total microbes were still below the required total microbial of SNI and did not irritate the skin.

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Influence of Transglutaminase Enzyme Incorporated into Protein based Edible Coating for Preservation of Spanish Mackerel Fish (Scomberomorus commersoni)

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期722卷

作者： S Karina Setiadi Bioprocess Engineering Study Program Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Depok 16424 West Java Indonesia

Transglutaminases have been utilized in food technology to modify protein to improve rheological properties of food material or product. Edible coating is viscous solution that contains polymer structures, forming thin layer that covers surface of food material. Edible coating maintains quality of food product by becoming a barrier and protecting the surface from spoilage from internal and external causes. In this study, several concentration of transglutaminase enzymes were applied, acting as cross-linking agent into protein-based coating solution for coverage of Spanish mackerel fish meat. The fish meat samples were stored inside fridge with temperature of 10°C. Quality of fish meat was assessed each 5 days during 15 days of storage. The assessment of quality includes water content, pH and total volatile base of nitrogen (TVBN). Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) was used to identify the activity of transglutaminase enzyme by the changes of detected functional group. Addition of transglutaminase has improved barrier properties of edible coating that maintained water content of fish meat better than control sample, but the by-product of enzymatic reaction has decreased quality of fish meat according to pH and TVBN results. FTIR spectroscopy showed changes in the secondary structure of protein (amide II).

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Performance evaluation and sludge estimation of Legong water treatment plant in Depok city, Indonesia

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2020年第1期2230卷

作者： Djoko M. Hartono Nurannisa Shaleha Nyoman Suwartha Sandyanto Adityosulindro Environmental Engineering Study Program Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Indonesia Kampus UI Depok 16424 Indonesia

The rapid growth of population, industrialization, and other activities increased with increase drinking water demands. Depok City, one of the most developing cities in West Java, require more drinking water to meet the needs of increased population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Legong Water Treatment at Plant by calculating and comparing the design parameters and criteria of each unit operation and processes. The research method used includes primary and secondary data collection such as field observation, measurements of unit dimensions, water quality sampling, interview, etc. The result of performance evaluation was: (i) effluent water quality analysis of surrogate parameters showed compliance upon regulation; (ii) Evaluation of each unit operation and processes vis-à-vis its design criteria indicated that flocculation and settling unit were not meet design criteria. (iii) Capacity of Legong WTP could be increased from 190 L/s up to 250 L/s; (iv) evaluation of sludge generation estimated 1763 kg/d of sludge was directly rejected to Ciliwung River without treatment.

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Sustainable Community-Based Disaster Management (CBDM) in Wonolelo Village, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期764卷

作者： Widyasari Her Nugrahandika Ramadhani Nuresa Putri Urban and Regional Planning Study Program Architecture and Planning Department Engineering Faculty Universitas Gadjah Mada 2 Grafika Street Sleman Regency Special Region of Yogyakarta Indonesia

Special Region of Yogyakarta is passed by the ring of fire and become a province which prone to disasters, especially earthquake. In 2006, Wonolelo Village was one of the villages hardest hit by the earthquake. Therefore, understanding and awareness of disaster management are important. Currently, disaster management at local is widely applied. According to Van Niekerk, et al (2017), the approach at the local level aims to change the perspective of disaster management in terms of issues, challenges and problems faced by the community. For this reason, Wonolelo Village has a disaster-aware community, the Disaster Risk Reduction Forum (FPRB). The purposes of this research are to identify the processes and factors that influence the success of sustainable CBDM in Wonolelo Village. The method used is qualitative. Based on the analysis, Wonolelo Village has three stages of the disaster management process, namely the identification, the planning and implementation stage, and the development stage. While the factors that influence the success of disaster management in Wonolelo Village are the choice of Wonolelo Village as a Pilot Project by NDMA, recurring disaster events, volunteers who have team awareness, the existence of cooperation culture in the community, and budget allocation from Wonolelo Government for CBDM.

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An Analysis of Coal Post-Mining Land for Agricultivation Uses (A Case study on PT ABK in Kutai Kartanegara District, East Kalimantan Province)

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2022年第1期950卷

作者： Ansahar S R P Sitorus H Hardjomidjojo E I K Putri Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science Study Program Graduate School of IPB University West Java Indonesia Department of Engineering Faculty of Mining Enginering Kutai Kartanegara University Kutai Kertanegara District Kalimantan Timur Province Indonesia IPB University West Java Indonesia

The characteristics of coal surface mining activity are vulnerable to environmental degradation due to soil excavation, although only causing a lower risk in worker's incidence and economically beneficial as requiring a lower cost than the underground mining method. This study aimed to analyze the types of post-mining land use worth developing for the local community's livelihood around the post-mining land on the concession of PT Anugerah Bara Kaltim (ABK) in Kutai Kertanegara District, Kalimantan Timur Province. The method used was a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The analysis results indicate that the pepper plant cultivation on the post-mining land within six years produces Net Present Value (NPV) at Rp 49,484,637.00, Benefit/Cost (B/C) Ratio at 1.347, Net B/C Ratio at 2.56, and Internal Rate Return (IRR) at 39.20%. Meanwhile, rice plant cultivation stimulated within six years produces NPV at Rp 8,653,754.00, B/C Ratio at 1.035, Net B/C ratio at 1.3871, IRR at 8,50%. The economic analysis results based on all indicators: NPV, B/C, net B/C, and IRR, demonstrate that the pepper and rice plant cultivation activities are feasible in the coal post-mining land.

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Cyber-Physical Systems-Based PID Controller for Three Interacting Tank Process Level Control

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第1期1096卷

作者： E Joelianto V Nadhira H Hammami Hariyadi Instrumentation and Control Research Group Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia Engineering Physics Study Program Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung 40132 Indonesia

This paper considers the performance improvement of PLC-based process control systems through Industry 4.0 by harnessing cyber-physical systems (CPS), which is an integration of control, computation, and networking to intertwine intensely cyber and physical components. To accomplish these needs, open process control (OPC) unified architecture (UA) is exercised as a horizontal and vertical integrator of the CPS-based process automation. The three interacting tank process is the preferred testing plant because this system has become a proven benchmark for testing advanced control system in the laboratory scale. In this paper, the cyber component accomplishes parameter optimization of the PID controller for the level control of the three interacting tank process and schedules the appropriate PID controller that matches the level operating conditions. The control implementation shows that CPS for the level control of the three interacting tank process works well by resulting in smaller integral square error (ISE) value. Moreover, the cloud-based database can be established directly using OPC UA for real-time monitoring of the process through websites using the Internet network with data delivery rate of 100%.

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Optimization of short message media in the Arduino and Bluetooth-based blank spot areas

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2021年第4期1098卷

作者： I Sulistiyowati F A Hanif M Nasar M P T Sulistyanto M Ahsan Faculty of Science and Technology University of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo Sidoarjo Indonesia Electrical Engineering University of Muhammadiyah Malang Malang Indonesia Informatics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang Malang Indonesia

Communication is important in human life because communication can bridge all forms of ideas to be conveyed by someone. And the communication media commonly used today are via mobile phones, which can be via SMS messages, WhatsApp, or telephone. The problem is, in some areas the absence of signals or blank spots is a problem for those who rely on communication via mobile phones. For this reason, it is necessary to optimize the short message media in the Arduino and Bluetooth-based blank spot areas. Here the main goal is to make it easier for humans to communicate via mobile phones even in difficult conditions and without a data packet or WIFI signal. The tools used are android, the Lo-Ra module as a long-distance wireless transmission technology platform that can reach distances of 10km, and then also use the Arduino Pro Mini as a microcontroller board and Bluetooth terminal that functions to transmit data from android to Arduino and then forward it to Lo Ra. From the test results, it was found that this tool works well in the blank spot area or difficult to signal, without the need for data packages or WIFI we can still communicate well through the short message media on the cell phone. From the test results, it was found that this tool works well in the blank spot area or difficult to signal, without the need for data packages or WIFI we can still communicate well through the short message media on the cell phone. So, with the invention of this tool, we can still communicate through the medium of short messages even though we are in the blank spot area, and even when we do not have a data package or WIFI.

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Effect of Feedback on Learning Motivation of Primary Teacher Education Students in Primary School Physics Courses

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2021年第1期2019卷

作者： L K Sianipar H Sitompul L A Sanjaya R W D Puspa W A Pertiwi W Qoiriyah Department of Physics Education Universitas Pelita Harapan Tangerang 15811 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Negeri Jakarta Indonesia. Kartika VIII-1 Senior High School Jakarta Indonesia Islamic Education Management Study Program Faculty Islamic of Education and Teacher Training Muhammad Azim Institute Jambi Indonesia Informatics Engineering study program Faculty of Engineering Sheikh Yusuf Islamic University Tangerang Indonesia

Based on the results of the questionnaire distributed to Primary Teacher Education Students, 96% of students said that Physics is difficult to understand because the material is very complex, many formulas, especially the learning process is done online. This study aims to describe the influence of providing feedback on the motivation of Primary Teacher Education Students in primary school physics courses. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Meanwhile, the instrument used was a questionnaire which was distributed to 115 elementary school education students. The result of the research shows that giving feedback consistently is able to motivate students. This can be seen from the results of the questionnaires distributed, each indicator is of very good value.

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Pre-feasibility study of Condensing Wellhead Generating Unit Utilization in Partially Vapor Dominated System

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期417卷

作者： M A Dahlan H B Pratama N M Saptadji Petroleum Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Geothermal Engineering Study Program Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung West Java Indonesia. 40132

The development of geothermal fields needs 5-6 years from the first well drilled until the operation of the central power plant. Between the gap years, the wells will be shut in and will be re-opened when the power plant is ready. However, there is an alternative to utilize the wells with Wellhead Generating Unit (WGU), the small power plant which can generate the electricity as soon as the drilled productive wells completed. Then, the objective of this study is to decide the preferable scheme for the installed capacity of WGU with economic consideration. Correspondingly, this study uses two full factorial experimental design with Monte Carlo simulation to calculate and design the condensing turbine. Steam fraction, mass flow rate, turbine inlet pressure, and turbine exhaust pressure are the parameters to be analyzed in the Monte Carlo Simulation. The economic feasibility of the project is based on capital expenditure, decline curve analysis, and electricity price. The result of probability, P10, P50, and P90 of gross power output and Specific Steam Consumption (SSC) are 6.1, 7.9, 9.9 MWe and 1.85, 1.89, 1.93 kg/s/MWe respectively. Based on the economic evaluation, the P10, P50, and P90 of Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Net Present Value (NPV) are 12%, 16%, 21% and 1.1 MUSD, 3.6 MUSD, 6.0 MUSD respectively over 30 years of WGU lifetime. This paper is the first study for designing the WGU combined with an economic study based on the technical evaluation to propose the best option to develop the field.

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