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Annual Meeting of CURAC (Computer-und Roboterassistierte Chirurgie), CURAC 2010

作者： Knott, T. Ullrich, S. Grottke, O. Fries, T. Gerressen, M. Deserno, T.M. Rossaint, R. Kuhlen, T. Virtual Reality Group RWTH Aachen University Germany Department of Anaesthesiology RWTH Aachen University Hospital Germany Aachen Institute for Advanced Study in Computational Engineering Science RWTH Aachen University Germany Department for Operative Dentistry and Plastic Facial Surgery RWTH Aachen University Hospital Germany Department of Medical Informatics RWTH Aachen University Germany

Regional anaesthesia and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy are both clinical procedures which require profound theoretical knowledge and specific motor skills for successful accomplishment. As training opportunities are rare and can be harmful for patients, we started the development of two virtual reality-based surgical training simulators. While visualization is an important topic on its own, here the research challenges are predominantly interaction and real-time simulation. More specifically, solutions for realistic haptic feedback, multi-layer tissue deformation and simulation of crack propagation have to be found. In this article we present the chosen methods and some preliminary results.

关键词： Virtual reality

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Robust algorithm to generate a diverse class of dense disordered and ordered sphere packings via linear programming

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Physical Review E 2010年第6期82卷 061302-061302页

作者： S. Torquato Y. Jiao Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Center for Theoretical Science Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

We have formulated the problem of generating dense packings of nonoverlapping, nontiling nonspherical particles within an adaptive fundamental cell subject to periodic boundary conditions as an optimization problem called the adaptive-shrinking cell (ASC) formulation [S. Torquato and Y. Jiao, Phys. Rev. E 80, 041104 (2009)]. Because the objective function and impenetrability constraints can be exactly linearized for sphere packings with a size distribution in d-dimensional Euclidean space Rd, it is most suitable and natural to solve the corresponding ASC optimization problem using sequential-linear-programming (SLP) techniques. We implement an SLP solution to produce robustly a wide spectrum of jammed sphere packings in Rd for d=2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 with a diversity of disorder and densities up to the respective maximal densities. A novel feature of this deterministic algorithm is that it can produce a broad range of inherent structures (locally maximally dense and mechanically stable packings), besides the usual disordered ones (such as the maximally random jammed state), with very small computational cost compared to that of the best known packing algorithms by tuning the radius of the influence sphere. For example, in three dimensions, we show that it can produce with high probability a variety of strictly jammed packings with a packing density anywhere in the wide range [0.6, 0.7408…], where π/18=0.7408… corresponds to the density of the densest packing. We also apply the algorithm to generate various disordered packings as well as the maximally dense packings for d=2, 4, 5, and 6. Our jammed sphere packings are characterized and compared to the corresponding packings generated by the well-known Lubachevsky-Stillinger (LS) molecular-dynamics packing algorithm. Compared to the LS procedure, our SLP protocol is able to ensure that the final packings are truly jammed, produces disordered jammed packings with anomalously low densities, and is appreciably more robust an

关键词： Packing

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Performance analysis of PDE based parallel algorithms on different computer architectures

Performance analysis of PDE based parallel algorithms on dif...

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5th International Conference on Soft Computing, Computing with Words and Perceptions in System Analysis, Decision and Control, ICSCCW 2009

作者： Kopan, Ilker Çelebi, M. Serdar Informatics Institute Computational Science and Engineering Program ITU Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424434282

Performance of an algorithm mainly depends on both computer architecture and software. An Intel Xeon processor based HPC cluster and Intel Itanium2 based symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) architectures are used for performance analysis of PDE based parallel algorithm. Algorithm is parallelized using MPI and performance measurements are done using Tuning and Analysis Utilities (TAU). computational optimization reveals data independency and helps compiler to generate more efficient program for that specific processor. Removing data dependency inside loop is the key in this work. In iterative algorithms, like Gauss-Seidel method, each processor communicates with the same processors at every iteration. This feature makes persistent connection preferable. MPI has different types of communication methods for different communication characteristics. Persistent connection is one of them. Persistent connection removes connection overhead by leaving connection open for further communications. It can be preferred if data is transferred repeatedly between same nodes. In this work source code changed to help compiler to generate more efficient program for the specific processor. Also MPI persistent connection is used for communication at each iteration in Gauss-Seidel method. In some parallel algorithms, communication must be synchronized. Making communication between processors at the same time becomes a bottleneck if communication medium is shared. This fact has been studies and analyzed. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel algorithms

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UAV relay network to support WSN connectivity

UAV relay network to support WSN connectivity

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International Conference on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Workshops (ICUMT)

作者： Edison Pignaton de Freitas Tales Heimfarth Ivayr Farah Netto Carlos Eduardo Lino Carlos Eduardo Pereira Armando Morado Ferreira Flávio Rech Wagner Tony Larsson IDE Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Computer Science Department Federal University of Lavras Lavras Brazil Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

An important problem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is the occurrence of failures that lead to the disconnection of parts of the network, compromising the final results achieved by the WSN operation. A way to overcome such problem is to provide a reliable connection to support the connectivity via other types of nodes that communicate with the sensor nodes. This paper proposes the usage of a network composed by Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as a relay network to guarantee the delivery of data produced by WSN nodes on the ground to the users. Results from simulations of the proposed technique are provided and discussed.

关键词： Base stations Unmanned aerial vehicles Mobile communication Wireless sensor networks Peer to peer computing Mobile computing Relays

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Microano-fabrication technologies for cell biology

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Medical & Biological engineering & Computing 2010年第10期48卷 1023-1032页

作者： Qian, Tongcheng Wang, Yingxiao Department of Bioengineering and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Urbana USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Peking University Beijing People’s Republic of China Department of Integrative and Molecular Physiology Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology Institute for Genomic Biology Neuroscience Program University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Urbana USA

Micro/nano-fabrication techniques, such as soft lithography and electrospinning, have been well-developed and widely applied in many research fields in the past decade. Due to the low costs and simple procedures, these techniques have become important and popular for biological studies. In this review, we focus on the studies integrating micro/nano-fabrication work to elucidate the molecular mechanism of signaling transduction in cell biology. We first describe different micro/nano-fabrication technologies, including techniques generating three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. We then introduce the application of these technologies in manipulating the physical or chemical micro/nano-environment to regulate the cellular behavior and response, such as cell life and death, differentiation, proliferation, and cell migration. Recent advancement in integrating the micro/nano-technologies and live cell imaging are also discussed. Finally, potential schemes in cell biology involving micro/nano-fabrication technologies are proposed to provide perspectives on the future research activities.

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Ontology engineering

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Nature Biotechnology 2010年第2期28卷 128-130页

作者： Alterovitz, Gil Xiang, Michael Hill, David P. Lomax, Jane Liu, Jonathan Cherkassky, Michael Dreyfuss, Jonathan Mungall, Chris Harris, Midori A. Dolan, Mary E. Blake, Judith A. Ramoni, Marco F. Children's Hospital Informatics Program Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Partners Healthcare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine Boston MA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME United States EMBL-EBI Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton United Kingdom Department of Biology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA United States

A letter to the editor is presented in response to an article on the process of developing gene ontology (GO) which is used for genetic research.

关键词： computational Biology Data Mining Genes Genetic engineering Proteins Terminology as Topic ontology development Information Theory Intuition Genetic engineering computational Biology Bioinformatics Information Distribution Etymology data mining

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Reports on the AAAI 2009 fall symposia

Reports on the AAAI 2009 fall symposia

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作者： Azevedo, Roger Bench-Capon, Trevor Biswas, Gautam Carmichael, Ted Green, Nancy Hadzikadic, Mirsad Koyejo, Oluwasanmi Kurup, Unmesh Parsons, Simon Pirrone, Roberto Prakken, Henry Samsonovich, Alexei Scott, Donia Souvenir, Richard Department of Psychology Institute for Intelligent Systems University of Memphis United States Department of Computer Science University of Liverpool United Kingdom Center for Intelligent Systems Vanderbilt University United States Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Department of Computer Science University of North Carolina Greensboro United States Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Complex Systems Institute United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin United States Department of Cognitive Science Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY United States Department of Computer and Information Science Brooklyn College City University New York United States University of Palermo Italy Computer Science Department Utrecht University Netherlands Department of Law and IT Law Faculty University of Groningen Netherlands Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study George Mason University United States Computational Linguistics Department Informatics at the University of Sussex United Kingdom

The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence was pleased to present the 2009 Fall Symposium Series, held Thursday through Saturday, November 5-7, at the Westin Arlington Gateway in Arlington, Virginia. The Symposium Series was preceded on Wednesday, November 4, by a one-day AI funding seminar. The titles of the seven symposia were as follows: (1) Biologically Inspired Cognitive Architectures, (2) Cognitive andMetacognitive Educational Systems, (3) Complex Adaptive Systems and the Threshold Effect: Views from the Natural and Social sciences, (4) Manifold Learning and Its Applications, (5) Multirepresentational Architectures for Human-Level Intelligence, (6) The Uses of computational Argumentation, and (7) Virtual Healthcare Interaction. Copyright © 2010, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cognitive systems

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Provenance of microarray experiments for a better understanding of experiment results

Provenance of microarray experiments for a better understand...

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2nd International Workshop on the Role of Semantic Web in Provenance Management, SWPM 2010 - Workshop at the 9th International Semantic Web Conference, ISWC 2010

作者： Deus, Helena F. Zhao, Jun Sahoo, Satya Samwald, Mathias Prud'hommeaux, Eric Miller, Michael Marshall, M. Scott Cheung, Kei-Hoi Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica UNL Lisboa Portugal Deparment of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Kno.e.sis Center Department of Computer Science and Engineering Wright State University Dayton United States Digital Enterprise Research Institute National University of Ireland Galway Galway Ireland World Wide Web Consortium MIT Cambridge United States Tantric Designs Seattle United States Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands Informatics Institute University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Center for Medical Informatics Yale University School of Medicine New Haven United States

This paper describes a Semantic Web (SW) model for gene lists and the metadata required for their practical interpretation. Our provenance information captures the context of experiments as well as the processing and analysis parameters involved in deriving the gene lists from DNA microarray experiments. We demonstrate a range of practical neuroscience queries which draw on the proposed model. Our provenance representation includes the origins of the gene list and basic information about the data set itself (e.g. last modification date and original data source), in order to facilitate the federation of gene lists with other types of Semantic Web-formatted data and include the integration of a broader molecular context through additional omics data.

关键词： Semantic Web

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A new parallel programming language fortress: Features and applications

A new parallel programming language fortress: Features and a...

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5th International Conference on Soft Computing, Computing with Words and Perceptions in System Analysis, Decision and Control, ICSCCW 2009

作者： Üney, Erdem Dalfes, H. Nüzhet Informatics Institute Computational Science and Engineering Program Istanbul Technical University Turkey Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences Istanbul Technical University Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424434282

An overview of a newly designed parallel programming language is presented in this paper. Fortress, an outcome of the High Productivity Computing Systems program at DARPA, is examined through its features like mathematical notation, implicitly parallel nature and ease of library coding, its potential to grow easily and its interchangeable program parts. Code writing is discussed through examples. The tests for its scalability are done with several array types and also a comparison of an application written both in C and Fortress is presented. The usability and the future of the language in HPC environments are also discussed. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel programming

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Reports of the AAAI 2010 conference workshops

Reports of the AAAI 2010 conference workshops

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作者： Aha, David W. Boddy, Mark Bulitko, Vadim D'Avila Garcez, Artur S. Doshi, Prashant Edelkamp, Stefan Geib, Christopher Gmytrasiewicz, Piotr Goldman, Robert P. Halevy, Alon Hitzler, Pascal Isbell, Charles Josyula, Darsana Kaelbling, Leslie Pack Kersting, Kristian Kunda, Maithilee Lamb, Luis C. Marthi, Bhaskara McGreggor, Keith Mihalkova, Lilyana Nastase, Vivi Natarajan, Sriraam Provan, Gregory Raja, Anita Ram, Ashwin Riedl, Mark Russell, Stuart Sabharwal, Ashish Smaus, Jan-Georg Sukthankar, Gita Tuyls, Karl Van Der Meyden, Ron Adaptive Systems Section Naval Research Laboratory Washington DC United States Adventium Labs. Minneapolis MN United States Department of Computer Science University of Alberta Canada City University London United Kingdom University of Georgia United States University of Bremen Germany School of Informatics University of Edinburgh United Kingdom University of Illinois Chicago United States Smart Information Flow Technologies LLC Minneapolis MN United States Structured Data Group Google Research United States Department of Computer Science Wright State University Dayton OH United States School of Interactive Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Department of Computer Science Bowie State University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States Statistical Relational Mining Group Fraunhofer IAIS Germany Department of Computer Science Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul Brazil Willow Garage Inc. CA United States Computer Science Department University of Maryland College Park United States Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies Heidelberg Germany Department of Computer Science University of Wisconsin Madison United States University College Cork Ireland Cork Complex Systems Lab. Ireland Department of Software and Information Systems University of North Carolina Charlotte United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Computer Science Cornell University United States Institute for Computational Sustainability United States University of Freiburg Germany School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Central Florida United States Maastricht University Netherlands University of New South Wales NICTA Australia

The AAAI-10 workshop program was held on July 11-12, 2010, at the Westin Peachtree Plaza in Atlanta, Georgia. The workshop program included 13 workshops covering a wide range of topics in artificial intelligence. There were several presentations on particular formalisms for combining the levels of planning from the perspectives of classical planning, motion planning, POMDPs, search-based planning, and temporal logic-based constraints. Henry Lieberman from Massachusetts institute of Technology Media Laboratory presented work developing a platform for knowledge acquisition and usage from expert users, built upon experience with eliciting information from nonexperts in a collaborative manner. The objective of the AAAI Workshop on Goal-Directed Autonomy (GDA) was to encourage discussion and novel contributions on intelligent agents that can self-select their goals. Jeremy Baxter from QinetiQ focused on user interaction, while Nick Hawes described a goal-directed reasoning framework for controlling a mobile robot.

关键词： Motion planning

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