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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： Subhasish Das Bahman Moraffah Ayan Banerjee Sandeep K.S. Gupta Antonia Papandreou-Suppappola School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University Tempe Arizona

ISBN: (数字)9781728143002

ISBN: (纸本)9781728143019

In this paper, we propose a statistical method to predict the onset of bradycardia in preterm infants without any prior knowledge. To model information on the QRS complex R wave, we exploit nonparametric methods to estimate the density. Our proposed method takes advantage of the kernel density estimator in order to provide a statistical guarantee of 95% accuracy. We also demonstrate our results through simulations to support our proposed method using preterm infant electrocardiogram (ECG) signals from a database. We show that the method achieves a 5% false alarm rate in predicting the onset of upcoming bradycardia events.

关键词： Electrocardiography Kernel Heart beat Predictive models Rail to rail inputs Probability density function Databases

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Machine Learning-Driven Prediction of Optical and Physical Properties in Lanthanum and Gold-Doped Zinc Borotellurite Glasses for Optoelectronic Applications

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： S.N. Nazrin Camellia Doroody Liyana Adilla Burhanuddin Neesha Jothi N. Ibrahim Halimah Badioze Zaman M.H.M. Tahir Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar S. Ramesh Sagar Shelare Shubham Sharma Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @ The Energy University) Putrajaya Campus Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Centre for Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Rajpura-140401 Punjab India Zhejiang Xingyu Mechanical and Electrical Technology Company Ltd. Tongqin Wuyi County Jinhua Zhejiang 311400 China Department of Electronic Systems Engineering (ESE) Malaysia–Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Department of Computing College of Computing and Informatics Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Malaysia Dept. of Digital Economy Technology Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman 31900 Kampar Perak Department of English Language and Literature Faculty of Languages and Communication Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim Perak Malaysia Center of Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Processing (AMMP) Faculty of Engineering University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Chitkara Centre for Research and Development Chitkara University Himachal Pradesh 174103 India Division of Research and Development Lovely Professional University Phagwara Punjab 144411 India Department of Applied Chemistry Priyadarshini College of Engineering Nagpur Maharashtra 440019 India University Centre for Research and Development Chandigarh University Mohali Punjab 140413 India Department of Technical Sciences Western Caspian University Baku Azerbaijan Jadara University Research Center Jadara University Jordan

Recent advancements in glass science have focused on optimizing optical and structural properties through the incorporation of rare oxide nanoparticles, such as lanthanum and gold oxide, to enhance transparency, refractive index, and band gap energy for photonic applications. Additionally, the integration of machine learning techniques in material design accelerates the prediction and optimization of these properties, enabling more efficient discovery and development of advanced glass systems for optoelectronic and photonic devices. The melt-quenching technique was employed to fabricate zinc borotellurite glasses doped with lanthanum oxide and gold oxide. The glass's amorphous nature was confirmed through structural analysis, which detected absorption bands corresponding to TeO 3 , BO 4 , and BO 3 units. A drop in molar volume with an increase in gold oxide quantity prompted a suggestion for structural reorganisation. Optical investigations indicated an increase in the optical band gap energy and a blue shift in the absorption edge. Four machine learning models—Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, and Artificial Neural Networks—were employed to forecast critical optical and physical parameters, such as refractive index, density, molar volume, optical band gap, and Urbach energy, to expedite the discovery process. This data-driven approach illustrates the transformative capabilities of machine learning in materials science, facilitating the swift modification of glass compositions to enhance optical performance for photonic and optoelectronic applications. The enhanced optical properties of the synthesized glass system make it a promising candidate for photonic and optoelectronic applications, including optical fibers, solid-state lasers, and planar waveguides , where its tunable refractive index and improved transparency can optimize signal transmission and device efficiency. Additionally, the presence of gold oxide nanoparticles suggests potential use in nonl

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Redesigning dispenser component to enhance performance crop-dusting agriculture drones

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 166-172页

作者： Rajvin Subramaniam Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Agricultural drones are Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) applied to farming in order to help increase crop production and improve farm efficiency. Crop-dusting drones are able to spray powdered fertilizer, pesticide, or insecticide on crops from the air, resulting in reduced costs and increased efficiency compared to traditional methods. The objective of this research work was to improve and enhance the performance of the crop-dusting process using agricultural drones. This research paper details the development of an improved storage container design and stabilized release mechanism for crop-dusting. To stabilise the release of payload when the drone is moving or swaying in the air, a gimbal mechanism was added to the release mechanism in which weights were used to produce constant downward force which balances the mechanism. Tests conducted on the prototype system showed that it performs as required. The stabilization tests show an improvement in accuracy of granule spread when using the stabilized release mechanism developed in this research work. As such, the wastage of fertilizers and pesticides can be reduced. The prototype system was also found to much more capable at carrying heavier loads for a longer period of time compared to current designs. Thus, using the prototype system developed for this research work, the size of storage container as well as the weight of fertilizer or pesticide granule payloads can be increased.

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Realising the ASEAN power grid through unbundling: takeaways from the Philippines' and Singapore's experience

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期463卷

作者： Hazleen Aris Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Malaysia Center for Energy Informatics Mærsk Mc-Kinney Møller Institute University of Southern Denmark 5230 Odense M Denmark

The ASEAN Power Grid (APG) is a flagship initiative mooted in 1997 to strengthen and promote power interconnection and trade in the ASEAN region. The ultimate aim of the APG is to ensure energy security and sustainability in the region, particularly the electricity. One way to achieve this, as demonstrated by the Nordic countries, is by having a regional electricity market, on top of the physical interconnection of the grids. Thus, taking the cue from the Nordic region, a pre-requisite to the regional electricity market is the liberalisation of the electricity supply industry (ESI) of each of the ASEAN member countries. Although there is no one-size-fits-all solution to the establishment of the regional electricity market, liberalisation of the ESIs can potentially be the path for the ASEAN countries too, with the necessary modifications and localisations in place. Furthermore, ESI liberalisation or unbundling is not entirely new to the ASEAN countries. Nine out of the ten of its member countries have implemented unbundling, although the degree of implementation varies. To date, two ASEAN countries have unbundled their ESIs fully, namely Singapore and the Philippines. However, the two countries underwent different experience in liberalising their ESIs. While it was a 'bumpy ride' for the Philippines, Singapore had a smoother and more orderly transition. As such, deliberation of their experience in liberalising their ESIs would provide good insights for the other ASEAN countries to consider in liberalising their ESIs, should it become the direction. This paper therefore presents a brief overview of the Philippines' and Singapore's experience in their transformation towards liberalised ESIs with the aim to identify the good practices, the challenges as well as the lessons learnt from these transformations. Findings from the study show the importance of the governance and legislative framework to instate reform, as well as the gradual introduction of the reform moves.

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Design and development of a robot for spraying fertilizers and pesticides for agriculture

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 242-248页

作者： Afif Shazwan Abdul Ghafar Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

The agriculture industry is one that is highly resource- and labour-intensive. As such, farmers are increasingly turning to technology and automation to address this issue. However, agricultural robots are far too complicated, slow, and costly to be made publicly available. As a result, the agriculture sector still lags behind in integrating modern technologies. This research paper details the development of a low-cost agricultural robot for spraying fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture fields as well as for general crop monitoring. The prototype system is a two-wheeled robot that consists of a mobile base, a spraying mechanism, a wireless controller for controlling the robot movement, and a camera for crop health and growth monitoring as well as detecting the presence of pests in the agriculture field. Tests conducted on the prototype system show that while the productivity of the robot in terms of crop coverage is slightly lower than a human worker, the labour cost savings afforded by the agricultural robot prototype is much greater as it functions completely in an autonomous mode and only requires the operator to control the robot when placing it at the start of the crop path. Furthermore, the prototype system also provides greater resource savings and reduction in the contamination of underground water sources due to leeching process, thus achieving precision agriculture goals. Lastly, the excellent battery life of the prototype system ensures that there will be no increase in the operation times and reduction in the efficiency of the fertilizer and pesticide spraying process due to the recharging times when replacing human workers. Future recommendations include making the agricultural robot fully autonomous, using either a rail- or line-following system, to further reduce the labour requirements and costs.

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ASEAN power grid 20 years after: An overview of its progress and achievements

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2020年第1期463卷

ASEAN Power Grid (APG) is one of the six programme areas initially identified in the first ASEAN Plan of Action for energy Cooperation (APAEC) series, APAEC 1999-2004. It is an initiative to ensure security and sustainability of energy in the region, particularly the electricity. In each series, the APG objectives, strategies and actions are revised and updated to reflect its current state and progress. It has been twenty years since the first APAEC series and a lot of APG strategies and actions have been implemented to achieve the stated objectives. It is therefore timely to review the current state of its implementation to gain insight on its progress. In this paper, the action plans are presented and their current states of implementation are reviewed with the aim to determine their progress and achievements to date. Most of the information needed for this study was obtained from the official APAEC reports, related documents and news cuttings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever work that comprehensively review the progress and achievement of the APG to date. Existing reports are usually written per timeframe rather than per programme area, making it difficult to delve deeper into a specific programme area. Among others, findings from the review show that most of the implemented actions were focusing on the physical interconnections of the power grid and a lot still need to be done with regards to the trading. However, encouraging progress with regards to trading is also seen lately. Findings from this study would provide useful insight on the current state of the APG implementation, particularly when the relevant committees are currently drafting the second phase of the APAEC 2016-2025 that will cover the period from 2021 to 2025.

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Autonomous fertilizer mixer through the Internet of Things (IoT)

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 295-301页

作者： Abdul Hadi Ishak Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN 43000 Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact 63000 Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) 43400 Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

Organic fertilizers have been used since the dawn of mankind to improve soil fertility and promote crop growth. However, the process of preparing organic fertilizers for use in agricultural activities is a labour-intensive and time-consuming procedure. Thus, in order to reduce labour costs and improve the efficiency of organic fertilizer preparation, automated organic fertilizer mixers were developed. For this research work, an improved organic fertilizer mixer based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology capable of monitoring the status of fertilizer production remotely and providing updates and alerts to workers was developed. The aim of this work was to further reduce labour workload and costs, thus increasing efficiency of the organic fertilizer mixing process. In order to accommodate the IoT monitoring system, several modifications and design changes were carried out on the prototype of an automated organic fertilizer mixer. Tests conducted on the prototype unit showed that it performs as required. The IoT monitoring system successfully captures and uploads information on the weight of agricultural waste mixture in the storage drum to the IoT platform. This information can then be used to alert workers on when to add more agricultural waste material to the mixture or remove the processed organic fertilizer. Furthermore, an overall operational cost comparison of different organic fertilizer production methods showed that the automated organic fertilizer prototype provides operational cost savings of over 5 times when compared to current automated systems. Future work includes further automation to the agricultural waste filling and organic fertilizer removal process.

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Design and fabrication of an agricultural robot for crop seeding

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 81卷 283-289页

作者： Hussain Nor Azmi Sami Salama Hussen Hajjaj Kisheen Rao Gsangaya Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan Mohd Fazly Mail Lee Seng Hua Department of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Centre for Advanced Mechatronics and Robotics (CaMaRo) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN Kajang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43000 Malaysia Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology Institute of Trop‘ical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Department of Aerospace Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre (944741-A) Prime Minister’s Department MIGHT Partnership Hub Jalan Impact Cyberjaya Selangor Darul Ehsan 63000 Malaysia Farm Mechanization Program Engineering Research Centre Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor Darul Ehsan 43400 Malaysia

Crop seeding is a time-consuming and tedious activity for farmers and is only exacerbated in large agriculture fields. Manually sowing seeds by hand is a highly inefficient process that requires a lot of human effort and can lead to health concerns for farmers, while spreading seedlings using tractors results in a high wastage of seedlings. This research paper describes the development of a low-cost agricultural robot for crop seeding. The prototype system consists of two parts, namely a mobile base for robot movement and a seeding mechanism attached to the mobile base for crop seeding application. The mobile base has a four-wheel design to ease movement on uneven terrains, while the seeding mechanism uses the concept of a crank-slider to continuously inject seedlings into the ground. Crop seeding tests show that the robot is able to sow 138 seedlings in 5 min, with an accuracy of 92%, compared to 102 seedlings by human workers. This demonstrates an increase in the crop seeding efficiency of over 35%. As for the battery life test, it was determined that the robot can function for up to 4 h on a single charge. Thus, there will not be an increase in the operation time and reduction in the efficiency of the crop seeding process due to the recharging times when human workers are replaced with the prototype system. The recharging duration for the robot power supply is 1.5 h. While the prototype system has successfully achieved its objective of reducing human interference, labour requirement, and the overall operating costs in the field of agriculture for crop seeding process, by making the robot fully autonomous, using either a rail- or line-following system, labour costs can be further reduced as an operator is not required to manually steer the robot to each seeding path.

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A Review on Building energy Savings Strategies and Systems (BE3S)

A Review on Building Energy Savings Strategies and Systems (...

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IEEE International Conference on Power and energy Applications (ICPEA)

作者： Abbas M. Al-Ghaili Hairoladenan Kasim Marini Othman Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen Zainuddin Hassan Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy (IICE) Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Selangor Malaysia College of Computer Science and Information Technology (CSIT) Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Selangor Malaysia Center for Energy Informatics University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark CSIT Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN) Selangor Malaysia

energy savings in buildings as a goal in recently established buildings either residential or commercial has been nowadays paid much attention by many researchers, designers, and decision makers due to the need of reducing energy demand and global warming issues. This challenging goal is affected by several factors and roles which play important roles by which this goal is affected. Those factors in most cases are difficult to be treated by one method or design. Many proposed systems have been introduced for many years; their performance(s) have varied percentage(s) of achievement in terms of energy savings. In this setting, such a review paper could help much to draw a clear plan for researchers and buildings' designers to follow and get them directed to best and easiest systems. However, many review papers have been published which included many limitations, e.g., some review papers focused only on residential buildings. In general, there is a need to give an overview of reviewed papers with taking into account many factors and policies together with strategies applied. In this setting, it is understood that different designs have produced different levels of performance being achieved. In this review paper, Building energy Savings Strategies and Systems (BE3S) are reviewed. Different points of views have been considered. For example, lighting control systems, buildings' retrofitting systems, and occupancy profiles related systems have been reviewed. This paper has also included different types of buildings on which strategies and systems have been applied. Reviewed papers are collected from top-tier journals published by very well-known publishers which are IEEE, Elsevier, Emerald, MDPI, and ACM. Indexing services adopted in this BE3S paper are Scopus and WOS. BE3S paper has only considered last 20 years providing a summary of recently designed strategies achieving semi-optimal performance(s) in terms of energy savings in buildings.

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Evaluating the Quality of Service of Bus Performance in Johor Bahru

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2022年第1期971卷

作者： M F A Bakar S Norhisham N H Z Ibrahim A Abudeyab N M Saad N N I M Azlan N S M Shkuri A M Mohamad College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia Institute of Energy Infrastructures (IEI) Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia College of Computing & Informatics Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia College of Energy Economics & Social Sciences Universiti Tenaga Nasional 43000 Kajang Selangor Malaysia School of Law and Centre for Testing Measurement and Appraisal (CeTMA) Universiti Utara Malaysia 06010 Bukit Kayu Hitam Kedah

The increase in living standard would also be a major factor for rapid urban development, which is caused by the increase in the daily traffic volume. Therefore, traffic congestion can occur daily, especially during peak hours in the morning and late afternoon to cover the huge number of people movement. Moreover, the quality of bus services should be assessed on operational aspects provided by urban operators. Therefore, this paper is to determine the quality of service (QOS) of bus performance in Johor Bahru, Johor. The study was conducted in April 2019. Service quality data were taken at Terminal JB Sentral, Johor Bahru. The Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual (TCRPM) was adopted as the specific guidelines and key indicators to determine and analyse the QOS of bus performance in the selected area. The study focused on four specific areas, such as service hour, passenger load factor, on-time performance and service frequency. The study concluded that the passenger load factor was classified as QOS of Class B since passengers could still choose their seats during the journey. On the other hand, on-time performance was classified as QOS of Class E, as most passengers made one round trip per weekday with a transfer experience of not-on-time vehicles every day. The overall QOS for bus services in Johor Bharu was classified as QOS of Class D, which was considered as moderate because several issues on QOS should be addressed and rectified by stakeholders. Some improvement on these three attributes should be made to increase the QOS. The study outcome should be used as an indicator for operators to measure their bus services. Since Johor Bahru is a major city in Malaysia, authorities and the government can use the outcome as inputs to measure the effectiveness of public transportation in urban areas.

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