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Author Correction: The power of genetic diversity in genome-wide association studies of lipids

Nature 2023年第7965期618卷 E19-E20页

作者： Sarah E Graham Shoa L Clarke Kuan-Han H Wu Stavroula Kanoni Greg J M Zajac Shweta Ramdas Ida Surakka Ioanna Ntalla Sailaja Vedantam Thomas W Winkler Adam E Locke Eirini Marouli Mi Yeong Hwang Sohee Han Akira Narita Ananyo Choudhury Amy R Bentley Kenneth Ekoru Anurag Verma Bhavi Trivedi Hilary C Martin Karen A Hunt Qin Hui Derek Klarin Xiang Zhu Gudmar Thorleifsson Anna Helgadottir Daniel F Gudbjartsson Hilma Holm Isleifur Olafsson Masato Akiyama Saori Sakaue Chikashi Terao Masahiro Kanai Wei Zhou Ben M Brumpton Humaira Rasheed Sanni E Ruotsalainen Aki S Havulinna Yogasudha Veturi QiPing Feng Elisabeth A Rosenthal Todd Lingren Jennifer Allen Pacheco Sarah A Pendergrass Jeffrey Haessler Franco Giulianini Yuki Bradford Jason E Miller Archie Campbell Kuang Lin Iona Y Millwood George Hindy Asif Rasheed Jessica D Faul Wei Zhao David R Weir Constance Turman Hongyan Huang Mariaelisa Graff Anubha Mahajan Michael R Brown Weihua Zhang Ketian Yu Ellen M Schmidt Anita Pandit Stefan Gustafsson Xianyong Yin Jian'an Luan Jing-Hua Zhao Fumihiko Matsuda Hye-Mi Jang Kyungheon Yoon Carolina Medina-Gomez Achilleas Pitsillides Jouke Jan Hottenga Gonneke Willemsen Andrew R Wood Yingji Ji Zishan Gao Simon Haworth Ruth E Mitchell Jin Fang Chai Mette Aadahl Jie Yao Ani Manichaikul Helen R Warren Julia Ramirez Jette Bork-Jensen Line L Kårhus Anuj Goel Maria Sabater-Lleal Raymond Noordam Carlo Sidore Edoardo Fiorillo Aaron F McDaid Pedro Marques-Vidal Matthias Wielscher Stella Trompet Naveed Sattar Line T Møllehave Betina H Thuesen Matthias Munz Lingyao Zeng Jianfeng Huang Bin Yang Alaitz Poveda Azra Kurbasic Claudia Lamina Lukas Forer Markus Scholz Tessel E Galesloot Jonathan P Bradfield E Warwick Daw Joseph M Zmuda Jonathan S Mitchell Christian Fuchsberger Henry Christensen Jennifer A Brody Mary F Feitosa Mary K Wojczynski Michael Preuss Massimo Mangino Paraskevi Christofidou Niek Verweij Jan W Benjamins Jorgen Engmann Rachel L Kember Roderick C Slieker Ken Sin Lo Nuno R Zilhao Phuong Le Marcus E Kleber Graciela E Delgado Shaofeng Huo Dai Department of Internal Medicine Division of Cardiology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. VA Palo Alto Health Care System Palo Alto CA USA. Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford CA USA. Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. William Harvey Research Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Department of Biostatistics and Center for Statistics Genetics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA. Department of Genetics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA. Clinical Pharmacology William Harvey Research Institute Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Endocrinology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA. Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute Cambridge MA USA. Department of Genetic Epidemiology University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany. McDonnell Genome Institute and Department of Medicine Washington University St Louis MO USA. Department of Precision Medicine Division of Genome Science National Institute of Health Cheongju-si South Korea. Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization Tohoku University Sendai Japan. Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience Faculty of Health Sciences University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa. Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health National Human Genome Research Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA. Blizard Institute Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Queen Mary University of London London UK. Wellcome Sanger Institute Hinxton UK. Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta GA USA. Atlanta VA Health Care System Decatur GA USA. Malcolm Randall VA Medical Center Gainesville FL USA. Division of Vascular Sur

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Global investments in pandemic preparedness and COVID-19: development assistance and domestic spending on health between 1990 and 2026

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The Lancet Global Health 2023年第3期11卷 e385-e413页

作者： Micah, Angela E. Bhangdia, Kayleigh Cogswell, Ian E. Lasher, Dylan Lidral-Porter, Brendan Maddison, Emilie R. Nguyen, Trang Nhu Ngoc Patel, Nishali Pedroza, Paola Solorio, Juan Stutzman, Hayley Tsakalos, Golsum Wang, Yifeng Warriner, Wesley Zhao, Yingxi Zlavog, Bianca S. Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Jaffar Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab Abdelmasseh, Michael Abdulah, Deldar Morad Abedi, Aidin Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abhilash, E.S. Aboagye, Richard Gyan Abolhassani, Hassan Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abubaker Ali, Hiwa Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adem, Mohammed Hussien Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Ahmadi, Ali Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed Rashid, Tarik Aji, Budi Akbarialiabad, Hossein Akelew, Yibeltal Al Hamad, Hanadi Alam, Khurshid Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled Alhassan, Robert Kaba Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almustanyir, Sami Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Amu, Hubert Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Tudorel Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Appiah, Francis Aqeel, Muhammad Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Aravkin, Aleksandr Y. Aremu, Olatunde Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin Avila-Burgos, Leticia Ayanore, Martin Amogre Azari, Samad Baig, Atif Amin Bantie, Abere Tilahun Barrow, Amadou Baskaran, Pritish Basu, Sanjay Batiha, Abdul-Monim Mohammad Baune, Bernhard T. Berezvai, Zombor Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhaskar, Sonu Boachie, Micheal Kofi Bodolica, Virginia Botelho, João Silva Botelho Braithwaite, Dejana Breitborde, Nicholas J.K. Busse, Reinhard Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Catalá-López, Ferrán Chansa, Collins Charan, Jaykaran Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chen, Simiao Chukwu, Isaac Sunday Dadras, Omid Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Dargahi, Abdollah Debela, Sisay Abebe Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Desye, Belay Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Diao, Nancy Doan, Linh Phuong Dodangeh, Milad dos Santos, Wendel Mombaque Doshmangir, Leila Dube, John Eini, Ebrahim El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enyew, Daniel Berhanie Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Applied Mathematics University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Antai College of Economics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Non-communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Children’s Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Tehran Heart Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Faculty of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran National Institute for Health Research Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Pharmacology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Cardiology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Digestive Diseases Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics and Statistics Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Neurosurgery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Ophthalmic R

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted gaps in health surveillance systems, disease prevention, and treatment globally. Among the many factors that might have led to these gaps is the issue of the financing of national health systems, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), as well as a robust global system for pandemic preparedness. We aimed to provide a comparative assessment of global health spending at the onset of the pandemic;characterise the amount of development assistance for pandemic preparedness and response disbursed in the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic;and examine expectations for future health spending and put into context the expected need for investment in pandemic preparedness. Methods: In this analysis of global health spending between 1990 and 2021, and prediction from 2021 to 2026, we estimated four sources of health spending: development assistance for health (DAH), government spending, out-of-pocket spending, and prepaid private spending across 204 countries and territories. We used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Creditor Reporting system (CRS) and the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database (GHED) to estimate spending. We estimated development assistance for general health, COVID-19 response, and pandemic preparedness and response using a keyword search. Health spending estimates were combined with estimates of resources needed for pandemic prevention and preparedness to analyse future health spending patterns, relative to need. Findings: In 2019, at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, US$9·2 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·1–9·3) was spent on health worldwide. We found great disparities in the amount of resources devoted to health, with high-income countries spending $7·3 trillion (95% UI 7·2–7·4) in 2019;293·7 times the $24·8 billion (95% UI 24·3–25·3) spent by low-income countries in 2019. That same year, $43·1 billion in development assistance was provided

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A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

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Nature 2023年第7977期621卷 E7-E26页

作者： Masahiro Kanai Christine Stevens Benjamin M. Neale Mark Daly Andrea Ganna Amy Trankiem Mary K. Balaconis Samuli Ripatti Lindo Nkambul Mark J. Daly Sam Bryant Matthew Solomonson Shea J. Andrews Mattia Cordioli Juha Karjalainen Juha Mehtonen Matti Pirinen Andrea Corbetta Bradley Jermy Kati Donner Katja Kivinen Aarno Palotie Mari Kaunisto Kumar Veerapen Konrad J. Karczewski Alicia R. Martin Elizabeth G. Atkinson Kristin Tsuo Nikolas Baya Rahul Gupta Raymond K. Walters Duncan S. Palmer Gopal Sarma Nathan Cheng Wenhan Lu Claire Churchhouse Jacqueline I. Goldstein Daniel King Wei Zhou Cotton Seed Hilary Finucane F. Kyle Satterstrom Gita A. Pathak Akiko Iwasaki Karolina Chwialkowska Karolina Chwiałkowska Brooke N. Wolford Hajar Fauzan Ahmad Shea Andrews Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti Palwende R. Boua Guillaume Butler-Laporte Celia M. T. Greenwood Bartha M. Knoppers Mark Lathrop Carmen L. Cadilla Francesca Colombo Nicole Dueker Chloe Kirk Atanu Kumar Dutta Yasser M. El-Sherbiny Jehan J. El-Jawhari Doaa Shahin Ahmed Elzeiny Tamer A. Mansour Madonna M. Eltoukhy Attia A. S. Mohamed Sahar Esmaeeli Annika Faucon Israel Fernández Cadenas Israel Fernandez-Cadenas Laia Llucià-Carol Natalia Cullell Elena Muiño Jara Cárcel-Márquez Margherita Francescatto Laurent Francioli Lindokuhle Nkambule Jatin Arora Soumya Raychaudhuri Caroline Cusick Lude Franke Macarena Fuentes Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo David Gómez Cabrero Emi N. Harry Philip Jansen József L. Szentpéteri Réka Várnai Elżbieta Kaja Athanasios Kousathanas Dorote Pasko Mark J. Caulfield Alex Stuckey Christopher A. Odhams Susan Walker Daniel Rhodes Richard H. Scott Loukas Moutsianas Afshan Siddiq Peter Goddard Sally Donovan Tala Zainy Fiona Maleady-Crowe Linda Todd Shahla Salehi Greg Elgar Georgia Chan Prabhu Arumugam Christine Patch Augusto Rendon Tom A. Fowler Jose E. Krieger Sanjay K. Patel Audrey Lemaçon Sophie Limou Pietro Lió Eirini Marouli Charles Hinds Minttu M. Marttila Carolina Medina-Gómez Isabelle Migeotte Soumyajit Mondal Andrés Moreno-Estrada Leire Moya Tomok Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Program in Bioinformatics and Integrative Genomics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Analytic & Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research & Program in Medical and Population Genetics Cambridge UK Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) Univerisity of Helsinki Helsinki Finland University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Program in Biological and Biomedical Sciences Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Psychiatry School of Medicine Yale University New Haven CT USA Veteran Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT USA Yale University New Haven CT USA Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis Medical University of Bialystok Bialystok Poland Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Pahang Malaysia Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Genolier Innovation Network and Hub Swiss Medical Network Genolier Healthcare Campus Genolier Switzerland Immediate Independent Multidisciplinary Med & Biotech Research Association Milan Italy Clinical Research Unit of Nanor

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Genome-wide association study of long COVID

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Nature Genetics 2025年 1-16页

作者： Lammi, Vilma Nakanishi, Tomoko Jones, Samuel E. Andrews, Shea J. Karjalainen, Juha Cortés, Beatriz O’Brien, Heath E. Ochoa-Guzman, Ana Fulton-Howard, Brian E. Broberg, Martin Haapaniemi, Hele H. Kanai, Masahiro Pirinen, Matti Schmidt, Axel Mitchell, Ruth E. Mousas, Abdou Mangino, Massimo Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa Cirulli, Elizabeth T. Vaudel, Marc Kwong, Alex S. F. Maiti, Amit K. Marttila, Minttu M. Posner, Daniel C. Rodriguez, Alexis A. Batini, Chiara Minnai, Francesca Dearman, Anna R. Warmerdam, C. A. Robert Sequeros, Celia B. Winkler, Thomas W. Jordan, Daniel M. Rešcenko, Raimonds Miano, Lorenzo Lane, Jacqueline M. Chung, Ryan K. Guillen-Guio, Beatriz Leavy, Olivia C. Carvajal-Silva, Laura Aguilar-Valdés, Kevin Frangione, Erika Guare, Lindsay Vergasova, Ekaterina Marouli, Eirini Striano, Pasquale Zainulabid, Ummu Afeera Kumar, Ashutosh Ahmad, Hajar Fauzan Edahiro, Ryuya Azekawa, Shuhei Maj, Carlo Pensel, Max C. Miller, Abigail Nöthen, Markus M. Behzad, Pari Schultz, Sonja Heggemann, Julia Balla, Daniella Morrison, David R. Mooser, Vincent Perley, Danielle Ragoussis, Jiannis Rousseau, Simon Shi, Fangyi Lathrop, G. Mark Yanishevsky, Solomia Laurent, Laetitia Auld, Daniel Bertrand, Mylene Boisclair, Ariane Bourque, Guillaume Bujold, David Durand, Madeleine Adra, Darin St-Cyr, Janick Niemi, Mari E. K. Iyengar, Sudha K. Cai, Tianxi Cho, Kelly Sarvadhavabhatla, Sannidhi Donaire, Maria Sophia Valenzuela-Jorquera, Héctor Lamoza, Eduardo Arévalo, Tamara V. Retamales-Ortega, Rocío Sanhueza, Sergio Selman, Carolina S. Silva, Andrea X. Alarcon, Teresa A. Martínez, Matías F. Quiroga, Romina Zuñiga-Pacheco, Paula Zapata-Contreras, Daniela Yáñez, Cristian E. Quiñones, Luis A. Tobar-Calfucoy, Eduardo A. Monardes-Ramírez, Virginia A. Signore, Iskra A. Guajardo, Lissette G. Figueroa, Alvaro Oróstica, Karen Y. Muñoz, Christian A. Fuentes-Guajardo, Macarena Bocchieri, Pamela Cabrera, Camilo Echeverria, Cesar A. Cerpa, Leslie C. Donoso, Gerardo Gutiérrez-Richards, Scarlett Nova-Lamperti, Estefania Saez Hidalgo Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Department of Human Genetics McGill University Montreal QC Canada Centre for Clinical Epidemiology Department of Medicine Lady Davis Institute Jewish General Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada Kyoto-McGill International Collaborative Program in Genomic Medicine Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Genome Informatics Graduate School of Medicine the University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Research Fellow Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Tokyo Japan Lady Davis Institute Jewish General Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences University of California San Francisco San Francisco CA United States Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA United States Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA United States Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA United States Genomes for Life-GCAT Lab CORE Program Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona Spain Grup de REcerca en Impacte de les Malalties Cròniques i les seves Trajectòries (GRIMTra) Barcelona Spain Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona Spain Sano Genetics Limited London United Kingdom Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Mexico City Mexico Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Mexico City Mexico Genetics and Genomic Sciences Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York City NY United States Broad Institute Cambridge MA United States Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United Sta

Infections can lead to persistent symptoms and diseases such as shingles after varicella zoster or rheumatic fever after streptococcal infections. Similarly, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection can result in long coronavirus disease (COVID), typically manifesting as fatigue, pulmonary symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. The biological mechanisms behind long COVID remain unclear. We performed a genome-wide association study for long COVID including up to 6,450 long COVID cases and 1,093,995 population controls from 24 studies across 16 countries. We discovered an association of FOXP4 with long COVID, independent of its previously identified association with severe COVID-19. The signal was replicated in 9,500 long COVID cases and 798,835 population controls. Given the transcription factor FOXP4’s role in lung physiology and pathology, our findings highlight the importance of lung function in the pathophysiology of long COVID. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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Curriculum design and development of master's educational programs in IT area (through the example of international development of master programs 'Applied computing' and 'Product life cycle technological process efficiency' of TEMPUS SUCCESS and ACES projects)

Curriculum design and development of master's educational pr...

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International Conference on Interactive Collaborative Learning, ICL 2015

作者： Starodubtseva, Daria V. Zamyatina, Oxana M. Goncharuk, Yulia O. Digital Humanities Department of Faculty of Philosophy Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia Department of Applied Informatics Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia Department of Control System Optimization Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia Tomsk Regional Teachers Professional Re-training Institute Tomsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781479987078

The paper describes a technique for master's program design developed from the consolidated experience of the leading European and Russian universities through the example of two programs in mechanical engineering and IT. The article addresses the process of program development beginning with working with key stakeholders to identify the demand from labor market and the list of expected learning outcomes, and ending with the list of modules and disciplines represented by the curriculum. © 2015 IEEE.

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Genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma in East Asia and comparison with a European population

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Nature communications 2023年第1期14卷 3043页

作者： Jianxin Shi Kouya Shiraishi Jiyeon Choi Keitaro Matsuo Tzu-Yu Chen Juncheng Dai Rayjean J Hung Kexin Chen Xiao-Ou Shu Young Tae Kim Maria Teresa Landi Dongxin Lin Wei Zheng Zhihua Yin Baosen Zhou Bao Song Jiucun Wang Wei Jie Seow Lei Song I-Shou Chang Wei Hu Li-Hsin Chien Qiuyin Cai Yun-Chul Hong Hee Nam Kim Yi-Long Wu Maria Pik Wong Brian Douglas Richardson Karen M Funderburk Shilan Li Tongwu Zhang Charles Breeze Zhaoming Wang Batel Blechter Bryan A Bassig Jin Hee Kim Demetrius Albanes Jason Y Y Wong Min-Ho Shin Lap Ping Chung Yang Yang She-Juan An Hong Zheng Yasushi Yatabe Xu-Chao Zhang Young-Chul Kim Neil E Caporaso Jiang Chang James Chung Man Ho Michiaki Kubo Yataro Daigo Minsun Song Yukihide Momozawa Yoichiro Kamatani Masashi Kobayashi Kenichi Okubo Takayuki Honda Dean H Hosgood Hideo Kunitoh Harsh Patel Shun-Ichi Watanabe Yohei Miyagi Haruhiko Nakayama Shingo Matsumoto Hidehito Horinouchi Masahiro Tsuboi Ryuji Hamamoto Koichi Goto Yuichiro Ohe Atsushi Takahashi Akiteru Goto Yoshihiro Minamiya Megumi Hara Yuichiro Nishida Kenji Takeuchi Kenji Wakai Koichi Matsuda Yoshinori Murakami Kimihiro Shimizu Hiroyuki Suzuki Motonobu Saito Yoichi Ohtaki Kazumi Tanaka Tangchun Wu Fusheng Wei Hongji Dai Mitchell J Machiela Jian Su Yeul Hong Kim In-Jae Oh Victor Ho Fun Lee Gee-Chen Chang Ying-Huang Tsai Kuan-Yu Chen Ming-Shyan Huang Wu-Chou Su Yuh-Min Chen Adeline Seow Jae Yong Park Sun-Seog Kweon Kun-Chieh Chen Yu-Tang Gao Biyun Qian Chen Wu Daru Lu Jianjun Liu Ann G Schwartz Richard Houlston Margaret R Spitz Ivan P Gorlov Xifeng Wu Ping Yang Stephen Lam Adonina Tardon Chu Chen Stig E Bojesen Mattias Johansson Angela Risch Heike Bickeböller Bu-Tian Ji H-Erich Wichmann David C Christiani Gadi Rennert Susanne Arnold Paul Brennan James McKay John K Field Sanjay S Shete Loic Le Marchand Geoffrey Liu Angeline Andrew Lambertus A Kiemeney Shan Zienolddiny-Narui Kjell Grankvist Mikael Johansson Angela Cox Fiona Taylor Jian-Min Yuan Philip Lazarus Matthew B Schabath Melinda C Aldrich Hyo-Sung Jeon Shih Sheng Jiang Jae Sook Sung C Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Rockville MD USA. jianxin.shi@nih.gov. Division of Genome Biology National Cancer Research Institute Tokyo Japan. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute Rockville MD USA. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute Nagoya Japan. Institute of Population Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes Zhunan Taiwan. Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China. Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and Treatment Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China. Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute Sinai Health Toronto ON Canada. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics National Clinical Research Center for Cancer Key Laboratory of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology of Tianjin Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin Medical University Tianjin China. Division of Epidemiology Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center Nashville TN USA. Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea. Department of Etiology & Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China. Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health China Medical University Shenyang China. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center of Evidence Based Medicine The First Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang China. Department of Oncology Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan China. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China. S

Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer. Known risk variants explain only a small fraction of lung adenocarcinoma heritability. Here, we conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study of lung adenocarcinoma of East Asian ancestry (21,658 cases and 150,676 controls; 54.5% never-smokers) and identified 12 novel susceptibility variants, bringing the total number to 28 at 25 independent loci. Transcriptome-wide association analyses together with colocalization studies using a Taiwanese lung expression quantitative trait loci dataset (n = 115) identified novel candidate genes, including FADS1 at 11q12 and ELF5 at 11p13. In a multi-ancestry meta-analysis of East Asian and European studies, four loci were identified at 2p11, 4q32, 16q23, and 18q12. At the same time, most of our findings in East Asian populations showed no evidence of association in European populations. In our studies drawn from East Asian populations, a polygenic risk score based on the 25 loci had a stronger association in never-smokers vs. individuals with a history of smoking (P = 0.0058). These findings provide new insights into the etiology of lung adenocarcinoma in individuals from East Asian populations, which could be important in developing translational applications.

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Estimates, trends, and drivers of the global burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 air pollution, 1990–2019: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet Planetary Health 2022年第7期6卷 e586-e600页

作者： Burkart, Katrin Causey, Kate Cohen, Aaron J Wozniak, Sarah S Salvi, Devashri Digvijay Abbafati, Cristiana Adekanmbi, Victor Adsuar, Jose C Ahmadi, Keivan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alipour, Vahid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amegah, Adeladza Kofi Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Ansari, Fereshteh Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Aripov, Timur Babaee, Ebrahim Banach, MacIej Barnett, Anthony Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Bedi, Neeraj Behzadifar, Masoud Béjot, Yannick Bennett, Derrick A Bensenor, Isabela M Bernstein, Robert S Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bijani, Ali Biondi, Antonio Bohlouli, Somayeh Breitner, Susanne Brenner, Hermann Butt, Zahid A Cámera, Luis Alberto Cantu-Brito, Carlos Carvalho, Felix Cerin, Ester Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chauhan, Bal Govind Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine Chu, Dinh-Toi Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Daryani, Ahmad Davletov, Kairat De Courten, Barbora Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dhimal, Meghnath Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Duncan, Bruce B El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Eskandarieh, Sharareh Fareed, Mohammad Farzadfar, Farshad Fattahi, Nazir Fazlzadeh, Mehdi Fernandes, Eduarda Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A Freitas, Marisa Ghashghaee, Ahmad Gill, Paramjit Singh Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Gopalani, Sameer Vali Guo, Yuming Gupta, Rajat Das Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie Hamadeh, Randah R Hamidi, Samer Hankey, Graeme J Hasanpoor, Edris Hassen, Hamid Yimam Hay, Simon I Heibati, Behzad Hole, Michael K Hossain, Naznin Househ, Mowafa Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Jaafari, Jalil Jakovljevic, Mihajlo Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy Kasaeian, Amir Kaydi, Neda Khader, Yousef Saleh Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Junaid Khan, Md Nuruzzaman Khatab, Khaled Khater, Amir M Kim, Yun Jin Kimokoti, Ruth W Kisa, Adnan Kivimäki, Mika Knibbs, Luke D Kosen, Soewarta Koul, Parvaiz A Koyanagi, Ai Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Kugbey, Nuworza Lauriola, Paolo Lee, Paul H Leili, Mostafa Lewycka, Sonia Li, Shanshan Lim, Lee-Ling Li Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA United States Research Insights and Innovation Seattle WA United States Health Effects Institute Boston MA United States School of Public Health Boston University Boston MA United States Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Population Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom Sport Science Department University of Extremadura Badajoz Spain School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Primary Care and Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) St Louis MO United States Health Management and Economics Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Economics Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Pars Advanced and Minimally Invasive Medical Manners Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Community and Family Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies Universidad de la Costa (University of the Coast) Barranquilla Colombia Research Group in Health Economics University of Cartagena Cartagena Colombia Department of Biomedical Science University of Cape Coast Cape Coast Ghana Cardiology Department Ca

Background: Experimental and epidemiological studies indicate an association between exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution and increased risk of type 2 diabetes. In view of the high and increasing prevalence of diabetes, we aimed to quantify the burden of type 2 diabetes attributable to PM_2·5 originating from ambient and household air pollution. Methods: We systematically compiled all relevant cohort and case-control studies assessing the effect of exposure to household and ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2·5) air pollution on type 2 diabetes incidence and mortality. We derived an exposure–response curve from the extracted relative risk estimates using the MR-BRT (meta-regression—Bayesian, regularised, trimmed) tool. The estimated curve was linked to ambient and household PM_2·5 exposures from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019, and estimates of the attributable burden (population attributable fractions and rates per 100 000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years) for 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 were calculated. We also assessed the role of changes in exposure, population size, age, and type 2 diabetes incidence in the observed trend in PM_2·5-attributable type 2 diabetes burden. All estimates are presented with 95% uncertainty intervals. Findings: In 2019, approximately a fifth of the global burden of type 2 diabetes was attributable to PM_2·5 exposure, with an estimated 3·78 (95% uncertainty interval 2·68–4·83) deaths per 100 000 population and 167 (117–223) disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100 000 population. Approximately 13·4% (9·49–17·5) of deaths and 13·6% (9·73–17·9) of DALYs due to type 2 diabetes were contributed by ambient PM2·5, and 6·50% (4·22–9·53) of deaths and 5·92% (3·81–8·64) of DALYs by household air pollution. High burdens, in terms of numbers as well as rates, were estimated in Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and South Am

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Author Correction: Common and rare variant association analyses in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis identify 15 risk loci with distinct genetic architectures and neuron-specific biology

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Nature genetics 2022年第3期54卷 361页

作者： Wouter van Rheenen Rick A A van der Spek Mark K Bakker Joke J F A van Vugt Paul J Hop Ramona A J Zwamborn Niek de Klein Harm-Jan Westra Olivier B Bakker Patrick Deelen Gemma Shireby Eilis Hannon Matthieu Moisse Denis Baird Restuadi Restuadi Egor Dolzhenko Annelot M Dekker Klara Gawor Henk-Jan Westeneng Gijs H P Tazelaar Kristel R van Eijk Maarten Kooyman Ross P Byrne Mark Doherty Mark Heverin Ahmad Al Khleifat Alfredo Iacoangeli Aleksey Shatunov Nicola Ticozzi Johnathan Cooper-Knock Bradley N Smith Marta Gromicho Siddharthan Chandran Suvankar Pal Karen E Morrison Pamela J Shaw John Hardy Richard W Orrell Michael Sendtner Thomas Meyer Nazli Başak Anneke J van der Kooi Antonia Ratti Isabella Fogh Cinzia Gellera Giuseppe Lauria Stefania Corti Cristina Cereda Daisy Sproviero Sandra D'Alfonso Gianni Sorarù Gabriele Siciliano Massimiliano Filosto Alessandro Padovani Adriano Chiò Andrea Calvo Cristina Moglia Maura Brunetti Antonio Canosa Maurizio Grassano Ettore Beghi Elisabetta Pupillo Giancarlo Logroscino Beatrice Nefussy Alma Osmanovic Angelica Nordin Yossef Lerner Michal Zabari Marc Gotkine Robert H Baloh Shaughn Bell Patrick Vourc'h Philippe Corcia Philippe Couratier Stéphanie Millecamps Vincent Meininger François Salachas Jesus S Mora Pardina Abdelilah Assialioui Ricardo Rojas-García Patrick A Dion Jay P Ross Albert C Ludolph Jochen H Weishaupt David Brenner Axel Freischmidt Gilbert Bensimon Alexis Brice Alexandra Durr Christine A M Payan Safa Saker-Delye Nicholas W Wood Simon Topp Rosa Rademakers Lukas Tittmann Wolfgang Lieb Andre Franke Stephan Ripke Alice Braun Julia Kraft David C Whiteman Catherine M Olsen Andre G Uitterlinden Albert Hofman Marcella Rietschel Sven Cichon Markus M Nöthen Philippe Amouyel Bryan J Traynor Andrew B Singleton Miguel Mitne Neto Ruben J Cauchi Roel A Ophoff Martina Wiedau-Pazos Catherine Lomen-Hoerth Vivianna M van Deerlin Julian Grosskreutz Annekathrin Roediger Nayana Gaur Alexander Jörk Tabea Barthel Erik Theele Benjamin Ilse Beatrice Stubendorff Otto W Witte Robert Steinbach Chris Department of Neurology UMC Utrecht Brain Center University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands. w.vanrheenen-2@umcutrecht.nl. Department of Neurology UMC Utrecht Brain Center University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands. Department of Genetics University of Groningen University Medical Centre Groningen Groningen the Netherlands. Department of Genetics University Medical Center Utrecht Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands. University of Exeter Medical School College of Medicine and Health University of Exeter Exeter UK. Department of Neurosciences Experimental Neurology and Leuven Brain Institute (LBI) KU Leuven-University of Leuven Leuven Belgium. Laboratory of Neurobiology VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research Leuven Belgium. Department of Neurology University Hospitals Leuven Leuven Belgium. Translational Biology Biogen Boston MA USA. MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) Population Health Sciences University of Bristol Bristol UK. Institute for Molecular Bioscience University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia. Illumina San Diego CA USA. Complex Trait Genomics Laboratory Smurfit Institute of Genetics Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland. Academic Unit of Neurology Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland. Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK. Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UK. National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre and Dementia Unit South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London London UK. Department of Neurology Stroke Unit and Laboratory of Neuroscience Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS Milan Italy. Department of Pathophysiology and

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Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

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The Lancet HIV 2021年第10期8卷 e633-e651页

作者： Jahagirdar, Deepa Walters, Magdalene K. Novotney, Amanda Brewer, Edmond D. Frank, Tahvi D. Carter, Austin Biehl, Molly H. Abbastabar, Hedayat Abhilash, E.S. Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Adekanmbi, Victor Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Afzal, Saira Aghababaei, Soodabeh Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku Ahmad, Sajjad Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Sepideh Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Salih, Yusra Ahmed Aklilu, Addis Akram, Tayyaba Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Al Hamad, Hanadi Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Aleksandrova, Ekaterina A. Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Almustanyir, Sami Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena Amu, Hubert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Tudorel Anvari, Davood Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Arulappan, Judie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Ayza, Muluken Altaye Azari, Samad Darshan, B.B. Banach, Maciej Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barra, Fabio Barrow, Amadou Basu, Sanjay Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Belay, Habtamu Gebrehana Berheto, Tezera Moshago Bezabhe, Woldesellassie Mequanint Bezabih, Yihienew Mequanint Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Bisignano, Catherine Bolarinwa, Obasanjo Afolabi Boloor, Archith Boltaev, Azizbek A. Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich Buonsenso, Danilo Burkart, Katrin Butt, Zahid A. Cao, Chao Charan, Jaykaran Chatterjee, Souranshu Chattu, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Vijay Kumar Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Cowden, Richard G. Dachew, Berihun Assefa Dadras, Omid Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, José Degenhardt, Louisa Demeke, Feleke Mekonnen Desta, Abebaw Alemayehu Deuba, Keshab Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhungana, Govinda Prasad Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Doan, Linh Phuong Dorostkar, Fariba Edinur, Hisham Atan Effiong, Andem Eftekharzadeh, Sahar El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa Elayedath, Rajesh Elhadi, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Global Health University of Washington Seattle WA United States School of Social Work University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeones Columbia University Medical Center New York NY United States Division of Data Analytics and Delivery for Impact WHO Geneva Switzerland Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Multiple Sclerosis Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Paediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Psychiatry Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Metabolomics and Genomics Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Research Centre for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Non-Communicable Diseases Research Centre Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Botany Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur Kozhikode India Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mass Communication Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health-Care Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Department of Population Medicine Ca

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was

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