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An online semantic tree for link detection

Journal of Convergence information Technology 2012年第5期7卷 147-157页

作者： He, Ruifang Hong, Yu Information System and Software Engineering Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 15001 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Information Processing Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China

Link Detection (abbr. LDT) is to determine whether two stories discuss the same topic in Topic Detection and Tracking (abbr. TDT) track. The key issue is to correctly measure the relevance between two stories. Most researches on LDT use a series of independent words to describe stories (each story is a text specially discussing news), and the relevance between two stories is determined based on the percentage and weight of overlapping words between them. Although substantial improvement has been achieved, inadequate descriptions of word sense and semantics still have negative influences on the accuracy of LDT. In this paper we propose an online semantic tree, which is hierarchically constructed by the most relevant words extracted from previous story streams. In online semantic tree, word sense is described by a series of words in a sense closed-loop, and semantic relation among words is measured by depth and width of level that words locate in. In LDT, online semantic tree is built for each story, and the relevance between two stories is determined by measuring the KL divergence between their online semantic trees. The method performs quite well on TDT4 corpus. The Min Norm CDet of the method in testing is 0.2274 lower than that of the baseline.

关键词： Semantics

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A Neuro-Fuzzy Approach to Road Traffic Congestion Prediction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 295-310页

作者： Mohammed Gollapalli Atta-ur-Rahman Dhiaa Musleh Nehad Ibrahim Muhammad Adnan Khan Sagheer Abbas Ayesha Atta Muhammad Aftab Khan Mehwash Farooqui Tahir Iqbal Mohammed Salih Ahmed Mohammed Imran BAhmed Dakheel Almoqbil Majd Nabeel Abdullah Omer Department of Computer Information System(CIS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science(CS) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab Department of Software EngineeringGachon UniversityInchonKorea Department of Computer Science National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahorePunjab54000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Government College University(GCU)LahorePunjab54000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering(CE) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia College of Business Administration Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Networks and Communications(NC) College of Computer Science and Information Technology(CCSIT)Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityDammam31441Saudi Arabia

The fast-paced growth of artificial intelligence applications provides unparalleled opportunities to improve the efficiency of various *** as the transportation sector faces many obstacles following the implementation and integration of different vehicular and environmental aspects *** congestion is among the major issues in this regard which demands serious attention due to the rapid growth in the number of vehicles on the *** address this overwhelming problem,in this article,a cloudbased intelligent road traffic congestion prediction model is proposed that is empowered with a hybrid Neuro-Fuzzy *** aim of the study is to reduce the delay in the queues,the vehicles experience at different road junctions across the *** proposed model also intended to help the automated traffic control systems by minimizing the congestion particularly in a smart city environment where observational data is obtained from various implanted Internet of Things(IoT)sensors across the *** due preprocessing over the cloud server,the proposed approach makes use of this data by incorporating the neuro-fuzzy ***,it possesses a high level of accuracy by means of intelligent decision making with minimum error *** results reveal the accuracy of the proposed model as 98.72%during the validation phase in contrast to the highest accuracies achieved by state-of-the-art techniques in the literature such as 90.6%,95.84%,97.56%and 98.03%,*** far as the training phase analysis is concerned,the proposed scheme exhibits 99.214% accuracy. The proposed prediction modelis a potential contribution towards smart cities environment.

关键词： Neuro-fuzzy machine learning congestion prediction AI cloud computing smart cities

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Distributed multi-agent Q-learning for joint channel allocation and power control in cognitive radio networks

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Journal of Computational information systems 2012年第17期8卷 7071-7078页

作者： Boumediene, Latifa Gao, Zhenguo Liu, Sheng College of Automation Harbin Engineering University Harbin 150001 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai 200240 China State Key Lab. for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

This paper deals with the resource allocation in completely distributed cognitive radio network. We propose a form of real-time multi-agent distributed reinforcement learning, which is known as Q-learning, to allow the cognitive radio to predict its transmit power and channel, in order for achieving a high quality of service without affecting the primary users. Simulation results reveal that the proposed approach is able to significantly reduce the interference to the licensed users while maintaining a high probability of successful transmission in a cognitive radio ad-hoc network. © 2012 Binary information Press.

关键词： Cognitive radio

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DarkSAM: Fooling Segment Anything Model to Segment Nothing

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhou, Ziqi Song, Yufei Li, Minghui Hu, Shengshan Wang, Xianlong Zhang, Leo Yu Yao, Dezhong Jin, Hai National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia

Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently gained much attention for its outstanding generalization to unseen data and tasks. Despite its promising prospect, the vulnerabilities of SAM, especially to universal adversarial perturbation (UAP) have not been thoroughly investigated yet. In this paper, we propose DarkSAM, the first prompt-free universal attack framework against SAM, including a semantic decoupling-based spatial attack and a texture distortion-based frequency attack. We first divide the output of SAM into foreground and background. Then, we design a shadow target strategy to obtain the semantic blueprint of the image as the attack target. DarkSAM is dedicated to fooling SAM by extracting and destroying crucial object features from images in both spatial and frequency domains. In the spatial domain, we disrupt the semantics of both the foreground and background in the image to confuse SAM. In the frequency domain, we further enhance the attack effectiveness by distorting the high-frequency components (i.e., texture information) of the image. Consequently, with a single UAP, DarkSAM renders SAM incapable of segmenting objects across diverse images with varying prompts. Experimental results on four datasets for SAM and its two variant models demonstrate the powerful attack capability and transferability of DarkSAM. Our codes are available at: https://***/CGCL-codes/DarkSAM. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Why Does Little Robustness Help? A Further Step Towards Understanding Adversarial Transferability

Why Does Little Robustness Help? A Further Step Towards Unde...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy

作者： Yechao Zhang Shengshan Hu Leo Yu Zhang Junyu Shi Minghui Li Xiaogeng Liu Wei Wan Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology

ISBN: (数字)9798350331301

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331318

Adversarial examples for deep neural networks (DNNs) are transferable: examples that successfully fool one white-box surrogate model can also deceive other black-box models with different architectures. Although a bunch of empirical studies have provided guidance on generating highly transferable adversarial examples, many of these findings fail to be well explained and even lead to confusing or inconsistent advice for practical *** this paper, we take a further step towards understanding adversarial transferability, with a particular focus on surrogate aspects. Starting from the intriguing "little robustness" phenomenon, where models adversarially trained with mildly perturbed adversarial samples can serve as better surrogates for transfer attacks, we attribute it to a trade-off between two dominant factors: model smoothness and gradient similarity. Our research focuses on their joint effects on transferability, rather than demonstrating the separate relationships alone. Through a combination of theoretical and empirical analyses, we hypothesize that the data distribution shift induced by off-manifold samples in adversarial training is the reason that impairs gradient *** on these insights, we further explore the impacts of prevalent data augmentation and gradient regularization on transferability and analyze how the trade-off manifests in various training methods, thus building a comprehensive blueprint for the regulation mechanisms behind transferability. Finally, we provide a general route for constructing superior surrogates to boost transferability, which optimizes both model smoothness and gradient similarity simultaneously, e.g., the combination of input gradient regularization and sharpness-aware minimization (SAM), validated by extensive experiments. In summary, we call for attention to the united impacts of these two factors for launching effective transfer attacks, rather than optimizing one while ignoring the other, and emphasize the

关键词： Training Privacy Buildings Closed box Minimization Data augmentation Robustness

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MISA: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities in Split Federated Learning

MISA: Unveiling the Vulnerabilities in Split Federated Learn...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Wei Wan Yuxuan Ning Shengshan Hu Lulu Xue Minghui Li Leo Yu Zhang Hai Jin School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Cluster and Grid Computing Lab

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are prevailing distributed paradigms in recent years. They both enable shared global model training while keeping data localized on users’ devices. The former excels in parallel execution capabilities, while the latter enjoys low dependence on edge computing resources and strong privacy protection. Split federated learning (SFL) combines the strengths of both FL and SL, making it one of the most popular distributed architectures. Furthermore, a recent study has claimed that SFL exhibits robustness against poisoning attacks, with a fivefold improvement compared to FL in terms of *** this paper, we present a novel poisoning attack known as $\color{Fuchsia} {{\text{MISA}}}$. It poisons both the top and bottom models, causing a misalignment in the global model, ultimately leading to a drastic accuracy collapse. This attack unveils the vulnerabilities in SFL, challenging the conventional belief that SFL is robust against poisoning attacks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed MISA poses a significant threat to the availability of SFL, underscoring the imperative for academia and industry to accord this matter due attention.

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Securely Fine-tuning Pre-trained Encoders Against Adversarial Examples

Securely Fine-tuning Pre-trained Encoders Against Adversaria...

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IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy

作者： Ziqi Zhou Minghui Li Wei Liu Shengshan Hu Yechao Zhang Wei Wan Lulu Xue Leo Yu Zhang Dezhong Yao Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Cluster and Grid Computing Lab School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University

ISBN: (数字)9798350331301

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331318

With the evolution of self-supervised learning, the pre-training paradigm has emerged as a predominant solution within the deep learning landscape. Model providers furnish pre-trained encoders designed to function as versatile feature extractors, enabling downstream users to harness the benefits of expansive models with minimal effort through fine-tuning. Nevertheless, recent works have exposed a vulnerability in pre-trained encoders, highlighting their susceptibility to downstream-agnostic adversarial examples (DAEs) meticulously crafted by attackers. The lingering question pertains to the feasibility of fortifying the robustness of downstream models against DAEs, particularly in scenarios where the pre-trained encoders are publicly accessible to the *** this paper, we initially delve into existing defensive mechanisms against adversarial examples within the pre-training paradigm. Our findings reveal that the failure of current defenses stems from the domain shift between pre-training data and downstream tasks, as well as the sensitivity of encoder parameters. In response to these challenges, we propose Genetic Evolution-Nurtured Adversarial Fine-tuning (Gen-AF), a two-stage adversarial fine-tuning approach aimed at enhancing the robustness of downstream models. Gen-AF employs a genetic-directed dual-track adversarial fine-tuning strategy in its first stage to effectively inherit the pre-trained encoder. This involves optimizing the pre-trained encoder and classifier separately while incorporating genetic regularization to preserve the model’s topology. In the second stage, Gen-AF assesses the robust sensitivity of each layer and creates a dictionary, based on which the top-k robust redundant layers are selected with the remaining layers held fixed. Upon this foundation, we conduct evolutionary adaptability fine-tuning to further enhance the model’s generalizability. Our extensive experiments, conducted across ten self-supervised training methods and six d

关键词： Training Adaptation models Sensitivity Accuracy Self-supervised learning Genetics Feature extraction

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Are We Building on the Rock? On the Importance of Data Preprocessing for Code Summarization

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shi, Lin Mu, Fangwen Chen, Xiao Wang, Song Wang, Junjie Yang, Ye Li, Ge Xia, Xin Wang, Qing Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Lassonde School of Engineering York University Toronto Canada School of Systems and Enterprises Stevens Institute of Technology HobokenNJ United States Key Lab of High Confidence Software Technology Peking University Beijing China Software Engineering Application Technology Lab Huawei China Laboratory for Internet Software Technologies Institute of Software CAS China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Science & Technology on Integrated Information System Laboratory Institute of Software CAS China

Code summarization, the task of generating useful comments given the code, has long been of interest. Most of the existing code summarization models are trained and validated on widely-used code comment benchmark datasets. However, little is known about the quality of the benchmark datasets built from real-world projects. Are the benchmark datasets as good as expected? To bridge the gap, we conduct a systematic research to assess and improve the quality of four benchmark datasets widely used for code summarization tasks. First, we propose an automated code-comment cleaning tool that can accurately detect noisy data caused by inappropriate data preprocessing operations from existing benchmark datasets. Then, we apply the tool to further assess the data quality of the four benchmark datasets, based on the detected noises. Finally, we conduct comparative experiments to investigate the impact of noisy data on the performance of code summarization models. The results show that these data preprocessing noises widely exist in all four benchmark datasets, and removing these noisy data leads to a significant improvement on the performance of code summarization. We believe that the findings and insights will enable a better understanding of data quality in code summarization tasks, and pave the way for relevant research and practice. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Novel Detection Service Method for Moving Object in IOT

Novel Detection Service Method for Moving Object in IOT

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2016 3rd International Conference on Materials engineering,Manufacturing Technology and Control(ICMEMTC 2016)

作者： Jie Chen Degan Zhang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Tianjin Vocational Institute Tianjin Key Lab of Intelligent Computing & Novel software Technology Tianjin University of Technology Key Laboratory of Computer Vision and System (Tianjin University of Technology) Ministry of Education

In embedded Internet of Things(IOT) environment, there are the troubles such as complex background, illumination changes, shadows and other factors for detecting moving object, so we put forward a new detection service method through mixing Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM), edge detection service method and continuous frame difference method in this paper. In time domain, the new method uses GMM to model and updates the background. In spatial domain, it uses the hybrid detection service method which mixes edge detection service method, continuous frame difference method and GMM to get initial contour of moving object, and gets ultimate moving object. This method not only can well adapt to the illumination gradients and background disturbance occurred on scene, but also can well solve some problems such as inaccurate target detection, incomplete edge detection, cavitation and ghost which usually appears in traditional method. As experimental result showing, this method holds better real-time and robustness. It is not only easily implemented, but also can accurately detect moving object.

关键词： GMM embedded IOT moving object detection service

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RGB-D Fusion Network for Glass Segmentation

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Tao, Tao Yang, Jianfeng Xiao, Jinsheng Zheng, Hong Wang, Hanfang School of Electronic information Wuhan University Wuhan China Lab. of Industrial IoT System Wuhan China Wuhan Vocational College of Software and Engineering Wuhan Open University Wuhan China Guangdong University of Technology China

Due to the optical properties of glass materials, most glass appears transparent in RGB images. However, in depth images, different acquisition methods make glass visible. Therefore, Therefore, using RGB-D dual-channel feature input makes it easier to recognize and segment glass objects. Building on this concept, we propose a multi-layer symmetrical dual-channel network architecture, which can effectively realize trans-modal feature fusion of RGB-D images based on attention mechanism, and integrate Convolutional and Transformer architectures to extract local features and non-local dependencies, respectively. To further enhance segmentation accuracy and efficiency, this paper also designs a boundary optimization module. This module constructs a distance map based on edge prediction guidance, enabling high-precision glass edge recognition. To support this work, we collect a new dataset comprising 5551 sets of calibrated RGB-D images. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed glass segmentation method are rigorously evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. The code for this paper has been published at:https://***/Jaccury/RGB-D-Transparent-object-segmentation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Glass

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