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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

The emergence of contemporary deepfakes has attracted significant attention in machine learning research, as artificial intelligence (AI) generated synthetic media increases the incidence of misinterpretation and is difficult to distinguish from genuine content. Currently, machine learning techniques have been extensively studied for automatically detecting deepfakes. However, human perception has been less explored. Malicious deepfakes could ultimately cause public and social problems. Can we humans correctly perceive the authenticity of the content of the videos we watch? The answer is obviously uncertain;therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the human ability to discern deepfake videos through a subjective study. We present our findings by comparing human observers to five state-of-the-art deepfake detection models. To this end, we used gamification concepts to provide 110 participants (55 native English speakers and 55 non-native English speakers) with a web-based platform where they could access a series of 40 videos (20 real and 20 fake) to determine their authenticity. Each participant performed the experiment twice with the same 40 videos in different random orders. The videos are manually selected from the FakeAVCeleb dataset. We found that all AI models performed significantly better than humans when evaluated on the same 40 videos. The study also reveals that while deception is not impossible, humans tend to overestimate their detection capabilities. Our experimental results may help benchmark human versus machine performance, advance forensics analysis, and enable adaptive countermeasures. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Audiovisual

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Understanding Audiovisual Deepfake Detection: Techniques, Challenges, Human Factors and Perceptual Insights

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Hashmi, Ammarah Shahzad, Sahibzada Adil Lin, Chia-Wen Tsao, Yu Wang, Hsin-Min The Social Networks and Human-Centered Computing Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Systems and Applications National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei11529 Taiwan The Department of Electrical Engineering The Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan The Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan The Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan

Deep Learning has been successfully applied in diverse fields, and its impact on deepfake detection is no exception. Deepfakes are fake yet realistic synthetic content that can be used deceitfully for political impersonation, phishing, slandering, or spreading misinformation. Despite extensive research on unimodal deepfake detection, identifying complex deepfakes through joint analysis of audio and visual streams remains relatively unexplored. To fill this gap, this survey first provides an overview of audiovisual deepfake generation techniques, applications, and their consequences, and then provides a comprehensive review of state-of-the-art methods that combine audio and visual modalities to enhance detection accuracy, summarizing and critically analyzing their strengths and limitations. Furthermore, we discuss existing open source datasets for a deeper understanding, which can contribute to the research community and provide necessary information to beginners who want to analyze deep learning-based audiovisual methods for video forensics. By bridging the gap between unimodal and multimodal approaches, this paper aims to improve the effectiveness of deepfake detection strategies and guide future research in cybersecurity and media integrity. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Audiovisual

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Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers EGFR signaling-mediated gastric progenitor cell differentiation in stomach homeostasis (vol 14, 3750, 2023)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2023年第1期14卷 1-16页

作者： Takada, Hitomi Sasagawa, Yohei Yoshimura, Mika Tanaka, Kaori Iwayama, Yoshimi Hayashi, Tetsutaro Isomura-Matoba, Ayako Nikaido, Itoshi Kurisaki, Akira Laboratory of Stem Cell Technologies Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara Japan Laboratory for Bioinformatics Research RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research Wako Saitama Japan Department of Functional Genome Informatics Biological Data Science Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University Bunkyo Tokyo Japan Master’s/Doctoral Program in Life Science Innovation (Bioinformatics) Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

Defects in gastric progenitor cell differentiation are associated with various gastric disorders, including atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and gastric cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the multilineage differentiation of gastric progenitor cells during healthy homeostasis remain poorly understood. Here, using a single-cell RNA sequencing method, Quartz-Seq2, we analyzed the gene expression dynamics of progenitor cell differentiation toward pit cell, neck cell, and parietal cell lineages in healthy adult mouse corpus tissues. Enrichment analysis of pseudotime-dependent genes and a gastric organoid assay revealed that EGFR-ERK signaling promotes pit cell differentiation, whereas NF-κB signaling maintains gastric progenitor cells in an undifferentiated state. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of EGFR in vivo resulted in a decreased number of pit cells. Although activation of EGFR signaling in gastric progenitor cells has been suggested as one of the major inducers of gastric cancers, our findings unexpectedly identified that EGFR signaling exerts a differentiation-promoting function, not a mitogenic function, in normal gastric homeostasis.

关键词： Adult stem cells Stem-cell differentiation Stem-cell niche

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Image Processing Implementation to Classify Coffee Fruit Ripeness Using K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Algorithm

Image Processing Implementation to Classify Coffee Fruit Rip...

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International Conference on information Management and Technology (ICIMTech)

作者： M. Farhan Hussaini Dermawan Deden Witarsyah Dedy Syamsuar Hanif Fakhrurroja Ahmad Luthfi Muhammad Izman Herdiansyah Faculty of Industrial Engineering Telkom University Bandung Indonesia Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Department of Informatics Faculty of Industrial Technology Islamic University of Indonesia Jogjakarta Indonesia Informatics Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Bina Darma Palembang Indonesia

Coffee is one of the plantation crops that has long been a cultivated plant in Indonesia. The classification of coffee fruit maturity manually still has several weaknesses and requires a long process, has low accuracy and is inconsistent, this is because the determination is made subjectively by coffee farmers. As for the classification of coffee fruit maturity levels automatically, it can be faster with objective determination, therefore the use of image processing is relatively easier, faster, and based on a quantified descriptive assessment to determine coffee maturity. Image Processing is a method used to process or manipulate images in 2-dimensional form. In the classification process, there are many methods used to obtain classification of objects based on training data. One of the algorithms used for the classification process is K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN). KNN is a classification technique for objects based on training data that is the closest or has similar characteristics to the object. KNN includes supervised learning algorithms, where the results of the new query instance are classified based on the majority of the categories in K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN). The finding indicated that class classification of ripe and unripe were 88,24 % and 100% respectively with 93,33% accuracy level.

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Feasible Region for DERs in Unbalanced Distribution Networks with Uncertain Line Impedances

Feasible Region for DERs in Unbalanced Distribution Networks...

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IEEE General Meeting Power& Energy Society

作者： Bin Liu Jin Ma IEEE Energy Systems Program Energy Centre Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation Mayfield West NSW Australia IEEE School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia

The rapid development of distributed energy resources (DERs) has brought many challenges to the operation of distribution networks in recent years, where operating envelopes (OEs), as a key enabler to facilitate DER integration via virtual power plants, have attracted increasing attention. Geometrically, OEs are inherently linked to the feasible region (FR), which depicts an area that quantifies the permissible operational ranges for all DERs. This paper studies how to calculate FR for DERs based on a linear unbalanced three-phase power flow model while considering uncertainties from measured/estimated line impedances, leading to the robust feasible region (RFR). With an initialised FR, the proposed solution algorithm aims to seek the RFR by solving a non-convex bilinear problem, formulated based on Motzkin Transposition Theorem, and updating the RFR alternately until reaching convergence. Two cases, including a 2-bus illustrative network and a representative Australian network, are tested to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

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An algorithm for conditional-fault local diagnosis of multiprocessor systems under the MM⁎ model

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Theoretical Computer Science 2024年 987卷

作者： Lv, Yali Lin, Cheng-Kuan Hsu, D. Frank Fan, Jianxi School of Information Technology Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou China Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Undergraduate Degree Program of Systems Engineering and Technology National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Computer Science and Information Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology NDU Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Computer and Information Science Fordham University New York United States School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China

Diagnosis is a crucial subject for maintaining the reliability of multiprocessor systems. Under the MM⁎ diagnosis model, Sengupta and Dahbura proposed a polynomial-time algorithm with time complexity O(N5) to diagnose a system with N processors. In this paper, we propose a (α,β)-trees combination S(u,X,α,β) and give an algorithm to identify the fault or fault-free status of each processor for conditional local diagnosis under the MM⁎ model. According to our results, a connected network with a (α,β)-trees combination S(u,X,α,β) for a node u is conditionally locally (α+2β−3)-diagnosable at node u and the time complexity of our algorithm to diagnose u is O(α2β+αβ2). As an application, we show that our algorithm can identify the status of each node of n-dimensional star graph Sn if the faulty node number does not exceed 3n−8. Compared with existing algorithms, our algorithm allows more faulty nodes in a multiprocessor system. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Computational complexity

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Drone Application Model for Image Acquisition of Plantation Areas and Oil Palm Trees Counting 7

Drone Application Model for Image Acquisition of Plantation ...

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7th International Conference on information Management and Technology, ICIMTech 2022

作者： Sastrohartono, Hermantoro Suryotomo, Andiko Putro Saifullah, Shoffan Suparyanto, Teddy Perbangsa, Anzaludin Samsinga Pardamean, Bens Instiper Yogyakarta Faculty of Agricultural Technology Department of Agricultural Engineering Yogyakarta55281 Indonesia Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta Department of Informatics Yogyakarta55283 Indonesia Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Information Systems Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9781665450904

ISBN: (纸本)9781665450904

The area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia increased by 7% from 14 million ha in 2017 to 15 million ha in 2021. The vast land requires the support of effective and efficient management techniques to maintain sustainable productivity. The high-performance computing technologies, Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, Artificial Intelligence, spatial modeling, and drones are the answers to these needs. This study aims to design an application that can obtain plantation image data and analyze the calculation of the number of oil palm trees. The image of oil palm plantations is obtained from processing photo data from drones through a mosaic and composite process. This study also employed Scrum and UML as a system model development method. The image of the oil palm plantation area is used to build a tree counting model using the Viola-Jones algorithm. The oil palm tree count information generated by this system can then be used by management for fertilizing, harvesting, and monitoring the condition of oil palm trees. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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Leverage from Blockchain in Commodity Exchange: Asset-Backed Token with Ethereum Blockchain Network and Smart Contract 4th

Leverage from Blockchain in Commodity Exchange: Asset-Backed...

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4th International Conference on Smart Trends for Computing and Communications, SmartCom 2020

作者： Richard Heryadi, Yaya Lukas Trisetyarso, Agung Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11840 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara Univesity Jakarta11840 Indonesia Faculty of Engineering Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya Jakarta12930 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9789811552236

Ethereum is one of the most popular blockchain platforms with a high number of adoption in the blockchain world today. Ethereum token (ERC-20) can tokenize any real-world object while it is also possible to exchange the token across the network participants. This utility from the token drives many blockchain enthusiasts to create decentralized applications. ERC-20 token could be used to collect project funds, decision voting, or even can be used to provide investment platforms for people that want to hedge the volatility of the currency with buying an asset that is back to back with the crypto-token. This research shows the main characteristics of asset-backed token and its implementation on a complete end-to-end "digitalization assets system" (assets buy and assets redemption). The result shows that asset-backed token needs support from government and other legalizing parties to verify the legitimacy of the asset that backing the token itself. © 2021, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Blockchain

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Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges in Detecting Depressive Disorders Through Mobile Devices: A Review 2

Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges in Detecting Depressiv...

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2nd International Conference on Computer System, information Technology, and Electrical engineering, COSITE 2023

作者： Elwirehardja, Gregorius Natanael Isnan, Mahmud Perbangsa, Anzaludin Samsinga Muchtar, Kahlil Pardamean, Bens Computer Science Department School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Mahmud Isnan Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Information System Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343069

Depressive Disorders (DD) is one of the most prevalent mental disorders in the world that may lead to suicide cases. To prevent the latter, ubiquitous early detection systems may be effective. Recent studies have since researched the development of such systems by exploiting several forms of data, including video, audio, Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA), and passive sensing data using sensors embedded in mobile devices. To summarize the trends, opportunities, and existing challenges in this field, this study reviewed 15 papers to answer four research questions. EMA was the most popular data to be used in this task, but other approaches, such as using video, audio, and typing behaviors, may be considered due to the subjectivity of EMA. These data were typically recorded using smartphones and analyzed using Machine Learning (ML). However, most of the developed systems had yet to be implemented. Overall, it was concluded that further studies may need to explore usages of more objective data in multimodal approaches as well as consider using Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) to deploy these systems to provide more effective and efficient diagnoses. Future studies must also take into account the existing challenges of the data and infrastructures, such as the weaknesses of several data types, limitations of mobile devices, as well as the challenges of diagnosis approaches. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Machine learning

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Analyzing the Behavioral Aspects of Implementing Green IT in an Academic Environment

Analyzing the Behavioral Aspects of Implementing Green IT in...

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International Conference on information Management and Technology (ICIMTech)

作者： Dedy Syamsuar Fero Triando Maria Ulfa Darius Antoni Adele Mailangkay Deden Witarsyah Information Systems Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia Postgradute Department Universitas Bina Darma Palembang Indonesia Information System Study Program Computer Science Faculty Universitas Bina Darma Palembang Indonesia Faculty of Computer Science Universitas Indo Global Mandiri Palembang Indonesia School of Industrial Engineering Telkom University Bandung Indonesia

Environmental awareness has recently emerged as one of the most crucial topics. As a result, various groups advocate for these technologies and research ways to promote their usage in various contexts. This study examines the factors influencing the intention and use of green technology among academics. This study integrates Price Value (PV) and Consideration of future consequence (CFC) to Theory Planned Behavior (TPB) as a theoretical basis. Two hundred five valid replies were gathered and processed through statistical analysis. The results of this study partly support the developed hypotheses. Four hypotheses developed from TPB have presented significant relationships. However, PV and CFC were not. The findings indicate that individuals in this study did not consider CFC or PV of green IT products as critical factors in their decision-making process. Findings also suggest that for implementation success, competent parties must consider the campaign to increase individual awareness and provide financial support regarding environmental policy.

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