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Using a Combination of LiDAR, RADAR, and Image Data for 3D Object Detection in Autonomous Vehicles 11

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Using a Combination of LiDAR, RADAR, and Image Data for 3D O...

11th Annual IEEE information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference, IEMCON 2020

作者： Sahba, Ramin Sahba, Amin Sahba, Farshid University of Texas at San Antonio Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Information Systems and Cyber Security San AntonioTX United States Institute for Informatics and Automation Problems National Academy of Sciences of Armenia Yerevan Armenia

ISBN: (纸本)9781728184166

One of the topics that is highly regarded and researched in the field of artificial intelligence and machine learning is object detection. Its use is especially important in autonomous vehicles. The various methods used to detect objects are based on different types of data, including image, radar, and lidar. Using a point clouds is one of the new methods for 3D object detection proposed in some recent work. One of the recently presented efficient methods is PointPillars network. It is an encoder that can learn from data available in a point cloud and then organize it as a representation in vertical columns (pillars). This representation can be used for 3D object detection. in this work, we try to develop a high performance model for 3D object detection based on PointPillars network exploiting a combination of lidar, radar, and image data to be used for autonomous vehicles perception. We use lidar, radar, and image data in nuScenes dataset to predict 3D boxes for three classes of objects that are car, pedestrian, and bus. To measure and compare results, we use nuScenes detection score (NDS) that is a combined metric for detection task. Results show that increasing the number of lidar sweeps, and combining them with radar and image data, significantly improve the performance of the 3D object detector. We suggest a method to combine different types of input data (lidar, radar, image) using a weighting system that can be used as the input for the encoder. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Object detection

Wireless Hallucination in Generative AI-enabled Communications: Concepts, Issues, and Solutions

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Xudong Wang, Jiacheng Feng, Lei Niyato, Dusit Zhang, Ruichen Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Du, Hongyang Mao, Shiwen State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn United States

Generative AI (GenAI) is driving the intelligence of wireless communications. Due to data limitations, random generation, and dynamic environments, GenAI may generate channel information or optimization strategies that violate physical laws or deviate from actual real-world requirements. We refer to this phenomenon as wireless hallucination, which results in invalid channel information, spectrum wastage, and low communication reliability but remains underexplored. To address this gap, this article provides a comprehensive concept of wireless hallucinations in GenAI-driven communications, focusing on hallucination mitigation. Specifically, we first introduce the fundamental, analyze its causes based on the GenAI workflow, and propose mitigation solutions at the data, model, and post-generation levels. Then, we systematically examines representative hallucination scenarios in GenAI-enabled communications and their corresponding solutions. Finally, we propose a novel integrated mitigation solution for GenAI-based channel estimation. At the data level, we establish a channel estimation hallucination dataset and employ generative adversarial networks (GANs)-based data augmentation. Additionally, we incorporate attention mechanisms and large language models (LLMs) to enhance both training and inference performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid solutions reduce the normalized mean square error (NMSE) by 0.19, effectively reducing wireless hallucinations. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

Input Data Clustering for the Efficient Operation of Renewable Energy Sources in a Distributed information System 15

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Input Data Clustering for the Efficient Operation of Renewab...

15th IEEE International Scientific and Technical Conference on computer Sciences and information Technologies, CSIT 2020

作者： Kiktev, Nikolay Osypenko, Volodymyr Shkurpela, Nataliia Balaniuk, Anastasiia National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine Department of Automation and Robotic Systems Kyiv Ukraine Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design Institute of Computer Engineering and Information Technologies Kyiv Ukraine Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Faculty of Information Technology Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9781728174433

In this work a local database of the Microsoft SQL Server type to store meteorological data for any region received from the Internet was designed and implemented. Each of the tables has fields describing the weather conditions necessary to solve the problem determining the source of electricity, using of which is cost-effective in a given period of the year, time of day, geographical location and weather conditions. A database application in C # using the Windows Forms Application template was developed. The distribution of temperature indicators depending on the time of the studies for a certain period using cluster analysis was implemented. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Cluster analysis

Cloud-Fog automation: The New Paradigm towards Autonomous Industrial Cyber-Physical systems

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Jin, Jiong Pang, Zhibo Kua, Jonathan Zhu, Quanyan Johansson, Karl H. Marchenko, Nikolaj Cavalcanti, Dave School of Engineering Swinburne University of Technology HawthornVIC3122 Australia Department of Intelligent Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Department of Automation Technology ABB Corporate Research Sweden Västerås72226 Sweden School of Information Technology Deakin University GeelongVIC3220 Australia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tandon School of Engineering New York University BrooklynNY11201 United States Division of Decision and Control Systems School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Digital Futures KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm10044 Sweden Corporate Research Robert Bosch GmbH Renningen71272 Germany Intel Corporation Santa ClaraCA95054 United States

Autonomous Industrial Cyber-Physical systems (ICPS) represent a future vision where industrial systems achieve full autonomy, integrating physical processes seamlessly with communication, computing and control technologies while holistically embedding intelligence. Cloud-Fog automation is a new digitalized industrial automation reference architecture that has been recently proposed. This architecture is a fundamental paradigm shift from the traditional International Society of automation (ISA)-95 model to accelerate the convergence and synergy of communication, computing, and control towards a fully autonomous ICPS. With the deployment of new wireless technologies to enable almost-deterministic ultra-reliable low-latency communications, a joint design of optimal control and computing has become increasingly important in modern ICPS. It is also imperative that system-wide cyber-physical security are critically enforced. Despite recent advancements in the field, there are still significant research gaps and open technical challenges. Therefore, a deliberate rethink in co-designing and synergizing communications, computing, and control (which we term "3C co-design") is required. In this paper, we position Cloud-Fog automation with 3C co-design as the new paradigm to realize the vision of autonomous ICPS. We articulate the state-of-the-art and future directions in the field, and specifically discuss how goal-oriented communication, virtualization-empowered computing, and Quality of Service (QoS)-aware control can drive Cloud-Fog automation towards a fully autonomous ICPS, while accounting for system-wide cyber-physical security. © 2025, CC BY-SA.

关键词： computer control

SPP-CNN: An Efficient Framework for Network Robustness Prediction

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wu, Chengpei Lou, Yang Wang, Lin Li, Junli Li, Xiang Chen, Guanrong The College of Computer Science Sichuan Normal University Chengdu610066 China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China The Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Institute of Complex Networks and Intelligent Systems Shanghai Research Institute for Intelligent Autonomous Systems Tongji University Shanghai201210 China The Department of Control Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200240 China The Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

This paper addresses the robustness of a network to sustain its connectivity and controllability against malicious attacks. This kind of network robustness is typically measured by the time-consuming attack simulation, which returns a sequence of values that record the remaining connectivity and controllability after a sequence of node- or edge-removal attacks. For improvement, this paper develops an efficient framework for network robustness prediction, the spatial pyramid pooling convolutional neural network (SPP-CNN). The new framework installs a spatial pyramid pooling layer between the convolutional and fully-connected layers, overcoming the common mismatch issue in the CNN-based prediction approaches and extending its generalizability. Extensive experiments are carried out by comparing SPP-CNN with three state-of-the-art robustness predictors, namely a CNN-based and two graph neural networks-based frameworks. Synthetic and real-world networks, both directed and undirected, are investigated. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed SPP-CNN achieves better prediction performances and better generalizability to unknown datasets, with significantly lower time-consumption, than its counterparts. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Complex networks

Model-Driven Deep Learning for Non-Coherent Massive Machine-Type Communications

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Zhe Wu, Wen Gao, Feifei Shen, Xuemin The Institute for Artificial Intelligence Tsinghua University State Key Lab of Intelligent Technologies and Systems Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China The Frontier Research Center Peng Cheng Laboratory Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

In this paper, we investigate the joint device activity and data detection in massive machine-type communications (mMTC) with a one-phase non-coherent scheme, where data bits are embedded in the pilot sequences and the base station simultaneously detects active devices and their embedded data bits without explicit channel estimation. Due to the correlated sparsity pattern introduced by the noncoherent transmission scheme, the traditional approximate message passing (AMP) algorithm cannot achieve satisfactory performance. Therefore, we propose a deep learning (DL) modified AMP network (DL-mAMPnet) that enhances the detection performance by effectively exploiting the pilot activity correlation. The DL-mAMPnet is constructed by unfolding the AMP algorithm into a feedforward neural network, which combines the principled mathematical model of the AMP algorithm with the powerful learning capability, thereby benefiting from the advantages of both techniques. Trainable parameters are introduced in the DL-mAMPnet to approximate the correlated sparsity pattern and the large-scale fading coefficient. Moreover, a refinement module is designed to further advance the performance by utilizing the spatial feature caused by the correlated sparsity pattern. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DL-mAMPnet can significantly outperform traditional algorithms in terms of the symbol error rate performance. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Message passing

Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and Control in Wastewater Treatment

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Integration of ANN for Accurate Estimation and Control in Wa...

International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory automation (ETFA)

作者： Andreea Elena Țîru Iulian Vasiliev Larisa Diaconu Ramon Vilanova Daniel Voipan Harsha Ratnaweera Department of Automatic Control and Electrical Engineering "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Department of Automation Systems and Advanced Control Research Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain Department of Computer Science and Information Technology "Dunărea de Jos" University of Galaţi Galaţi Romania Faculty of Science and Technology (Realtek) Norwegian University of Life Sciences Ås Norway

The management of wastewater is a significant global concern that calls for innovative solutions to lessen its negative effects on the environment. Conventional techniques of treating wastewater need improvement in order to deal with newly discovered contaminants, which highlights the importance of providing precise estimates of process performance and resource requirements. The worsening water shortage situation requires a paradigm shift in which wastewater is viewed as a useful resource. It is possible to create an economy that is both sustainable and circular by treating and recycling wastewater, putting less pressure on freshwater supplies, and leaving as little of an environmental footprint as possible. This study investigates the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) as software estimators in the treatment of wastewater, with a particular emphasis on predicting ammonium concentrations in effluent. In order to deal with imbalanced time-series data, the research introduces innovative data pretreatment strategies. These techniques include a Sliding Window protocol, Data Normalization, and a K-Fold training scheme. This illustrates the potential of ANNs to revolutionize wastewater treatment procedures and drive developments in this field. The suggested method demonstrates higher performance when estimating pollutant concentrations, showing the ability of ANNs to do so.

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Rethinking Wireless Communication Security in Semantic Internet of Things

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Du, Hongyang Wang, Jiacheng Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Guizani, Mohsen Kim, Dong In The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Machine Learning Department Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of

Semantic communication is an important participant in the next generation of wireless communications. Enabled by this novel paradigm, the conventional Internet-of-Things (IoT) is evolving toward the semantic IoT (SIoT) to achieve significant system performance improvements. However, traditional wireless communication security techniques for bit transmission cannot be applied directly to the SIoT that focuses on semantic information transmission. One key reason is the lack of new security performance indicators. Thus, we have to rethink the wireless communication security in the SIoT. As such, in the paper, we analyze and compare classical security techniques, i.e., physical layer security, covert communications, and encryption, from the perspective of semantic information security. We highlight the differences among these security techniques when applied to the SIoT. Novel performance indicators such as semantic secrecy outage probability (for physical layer security techniques) and detection error expectation (for covert communication techniques) are proposed. Considering that semantic communications can raise new security issues, we then review attack and defense methods at the semantic level. Finally, we present several promising directions for future secure SIoT research. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

Joint Parking and Power Management for Electric Vehicle Edge Computing: A Bilevel Optimization Approach

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Joint Parking and Power Management for Electric Vehicle Edge...

International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Xumin Huang Weifeng Zhong Jiangtian Nie Jiawen Kang Zehui Xiong Yuan Wu Mohsen Guizani School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of Macau Macau China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore Department of Computer and Information Science University of Macau Macau China Machine Learning Department Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence Abu Dhabi UAE

With the vehicle-to-grid and computing capabilities, a parked electric vehicle (EV) has a dual role, namely being an energy prosumer as well as a computing node for accommodating computation-offloading services. This dual-role feature of EVs yields a new computing paradigm named Electric Vehicle Edge Computing (EVEC). To ease the implementation of EVEC, we propose a fine-grained EV management approach to jointly provide parking guidance for EVs and control their charging/discharging power in parking lots. We formulate a bilevel optimization problem where the top-level problem optimizes the matching between EVs and parking lots from the perspective of computation offloading, and the bottom-level problem optimizes the control of EV charging/discharging power from the view of power networks. We transform the bilevel optimization problem into a single-level form, which is a nonconvex mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem, and we further tackle it by linearization techniques. Finally, we provide numerical results to demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach.

关键词： Wireless communication Vehicle-to-grid Systematics Power system management Computational modeling Transforms Relaxation methods