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Analysis and experimental demonstration of orthant-symmetric four-dimensional 7 bit/4D-sym modulation for optical fiber communication

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Chen, Bin Alvarado, Alex van der Heide, Sjoerd van den Hout, Menno Hafermann, Hartmut Okonkwo, Chigo The School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands The Information and Communication Theory Lab Signal Processing Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands The High Capacity Optical Transmission Laboratory Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven5600 MB Netherlands The Optical Communication Technology Lab Paris Research Center Huawei Technologies France SASU Boulogne-Billancourt92100 France

We propose a new four-dimensional orthant-symmetric 128-ary modulation format (4D-OS128) with a spectral efficiency of 7 bit/4D-sym. The proposed format fills the gap between polarization-multiplexed 8- and 16-ary quadrature-amplitude modulation (PM-8QAM and PM-16QAM). Numerical simulations show that 4D-OS128 outperforms two well-studied 4D geometrically-shaped modulation formats: 128SP-16QAM and 7b4D-2A8PSK by up to 0.65 dB for bit-interleaved coded modulation at the same spectral efficiency. These gains are experimentally demonstrated in a 11×233 Gbit/s wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission system operating at 5.95 bit/4D-sym over 6000 km and 9000 km for both EDFA-only and hybrid amplification scenarios, respectively. A reach increase of 15% is achieved with respect to 128-ary set-partitioning 16QAM. Furthermore, the proposed 4D-OS128 is also compared to D4 lattice-based constellation, 16QAM and probabilistically-shaped 16QAM with finite blocklength via simulation. © 2020, CC BY.

关键词： Quadrature amplitude modulation

Predicting Network controllability Robustness: A Convolutional Neural Network Approach

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Lou, Yang He, Yaodong Wang, Lin Chen, Guanrong The Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai 200240 China

Network controllability measures how well a networked system can be controlled to a target state, and its robustness reflects how well the system can maintain the controllability against malicious attacks by means of node-removals or edge-removals. The measure of network controllability is quantified by the number of external control inputs needed to recover or to retain the controllability after the occurrence of an unexpected attack. The measure of the network controllability robustness, on the other hand, is quantified by a sequence of values that record the remaining controllability of the network after a sequence of attacks. Traditionally, the controllability robustness is determined by attack simulations, which is computationally time consuming. In this paper, a method to predict the controllability robustness based on machine learning using a convolutional neural network is proposed, motivated by the observations that 1) there is no clear correlation between the topological features and the controllability robustness of a general network, 2) the adjacency matrix of a network can be regarded as a gray-scale image, and 3) the convolutional neural network technique has proved successful in image processing without human intervention. Under the new framework, a fairly large number of training data generated by simulations are used to train a convolutional neural network for predicting the controllability robustness according to the input network-adjacency matrices, without performing conventional attack simulations. Extensive experimental studies were carried out, which demonstrate that the proposed framework for predicting controllability robustness of different network configurations is accurate and reliable with very low overheads. © 2019, CC BY.

关键词： Complex networks

Towards optimal robustness of network controllability: An empirical necessary condition

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Lou, Yang Wang, Lin Tsang, Kim Fung Chen, Guanrong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education Shanghai200240 China

To better understand the correlation between network topological features and the robustness of network controllability in a general setting, this paper suggests a practical approach to searching for optimal network topologies with given numbers of nodes and edges. Since theoretical analysis is impossible at least in the present time, exhaustive search based on optimization techniques is employed, firstly for a group of small-sized networks that are realistically workable, where exhaustive means 1) all possible network structures with the given numbers of nodes and edges are computed and compared, and 2) all possible node-removal sequences are considered. An empirical necessary condition (ENC) is observed from the results of exhaustive search, which shrinks the search space to quickly find an optimal solution. ENC shows that the maximum and minimum in- and out-degrees of an optimal network structure should be almost identical, or within a very narrow range, i.e., the network should be extremely homogeneous. Edge rectification towards the satisfaction of the ENC is then designed and evaluated. Simulation results on large-sized synthetic and real-world networks verify the effectiveness of both the observed ENC and the edge rectification scheme. As more operations of edge rectification are performed, the network is getting closer to exactly satisfying the ENC, and consequently the robustness of the network controllability is enhanced towards optimum. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： controllability

Multi-modal digital twins for industrial anomaly detection: Framework, method, and application

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Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing 2026年 97卷

作者： Cheng Ren Ming Li Cailian Chen Xinping Guan George Q. Huang Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China Collaborative Generative AI (Co-GenAI) Research Centre The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China Research Centre for Digital Transformation of Tourism The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China Centre for Transformative Garment Production Hong Kong Science Park Pak Shek Kok Hong Kong China

Anomaly detection plays a key role in maintaining the reliable and stable operation of industrial systems, especially in high-reliability fields. Conventional single-modal data cannot provide comprehensive information about the detected object, resulting in false or missed detection. To address the challenges of complex anomaly patterns and heterogeneous data in industrial scenarios, we propose MMDT-IAD, a multi-modal digital twin (DT)-based anomaly detection framework that integrates edge–cloud collaboration. By lever- aging physical, geometric, visual, and semantic modalities, MMDT-IAD constructs a comprehensive virtual representation of monitored objects and enables real-time, scalable detection across distributed industrial environments. Next, to enable efficient fusion of heterogeneous DT modalities, we propose a One-Primary- Three-Auxiliary (1P3A) cross-modal decision fusion strategy. Finally, we apply the MMDT-IAD frame-work to the anomaly detection of aviation electrical connector pins, and present a detailed application process. The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the MMDT-IAD framework in detecting abnormal pins. Moreover, we discuss the generality of MMDT-IAD framework considering several common industrial anomalies. These results highlight the potential of MMDT-IAD framework and 1P3A method to significantly improve anomaly detection in other complex industrial scenarios.

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Joint beamformer design for wireless fronthaul and access links in C-RANs

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Joint beamformer design for wireless fronthaul and access li...

作者： Hu, Bin Hua, Cunqing Chen, Cailian Guan, Xinping Department of Automation School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China Shanghai200240 China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China

This paper presents a joint design framework of fronthaul and access links in cloud radio access networks, wherein the fronthaul data delivery between the central processor (CP) and small-cell base stations (SBSs) is carried over wireless links, which is more cost effective and flexible than the conventional wired fronthaul solutions. In this framework, the coordinated beamforming scheme is adopted by the SBSs to serve the users cooperatively, which not only reduces the bandwidth requirement over the fronthaul links, but also eliminates the inter-cell interference in the access links. To further exploit the spatial diversity over the fronthaul links, the multi-user beamforming scheme is adopted by the CP to deliver the data of all users to their serving SBSs simultaneously. This non-convex and combinatorial optimization problem is reformulated to a unified beamformer design problem using the $\ell -{0}/\ell -{1}$ -norm framework, which is still difficult to obtain the optimal solutions. Therefore, we first propose an algorithm based on the difference of convex (DC) programming scheme to find the suboptimal solutions, whereby the formulated problem is transformed to the standard DC programming problem and solved iteratively using the convex-concave procedure algorithm. We then propose another algorithm based on the successive convex approximation and weighted minimum-mean-squared-error approaches, and solve the transformed problem using the block coordinate update scheme. The pros and cons of these two algorithms are discussed, and simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance gain of our schemes over other benchmark schemes. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

Experimental observation of real spectra in Parity-Time symmetric ZRC dimers with positive and negative frequencies

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tabeu, Stéphane Boris Fotsa-Ngaffo, Fernande Tagouegni, Senghor Shouno, Kazuhiro Kenfack-Jiotsa, Aurélien Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and Structures Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 812 Yaounde Cameroon Nonlinear Physics and Complex Systems Group Department of Physics Higher Teacher’s Training College University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 47 Yaounde Cameroon Laboratory of Electronics and Signal Processing Department of Electrical and Telecommunication Engineering National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 8390 Yaounde Cameroon Institute of Wood technologies University of Yaounde I P.O. Box 306 Mbalmayo Cameroon Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8573 Japan P.O. Box 105 Yaounde Cameroon

We present in this work the first experimental observation of oscillations in Parity-Time symmetric ZRC dimers. The system obtained is of first order ordinary differential equation due to the use of imaginary resistors. The coupled cells must share the same type of frequency: positive or negative. We observed the real and imaginary parts of the voltage across the components of a ZRC cell. Exceptional points are well identified. This work may be very useful in the generation of new type of oscillators. It can also be used in the design of new optoelectronic devices for major applications in the transport of information and the mimics of two-level systems for quantum computing. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resistors

Transforming heat transfer with thermal metamaterials and devices

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Li, Ying Li, Wei Han, Tiancheng Zheng, Xu Li, Jiaxin Li, Baowen Fan, Shanhui Qiu, Cheng-Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Key Lab. of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical Engineering Ginzton Laboratory Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

| The demand for sophisticated tools and approaches in heat management and control has triggered fast development of emerging fields including conductive thermal metamaterials, nanophononics, far-field and near-field radiative thermal management, etc. In this review, we cast a unified perspective on the control of heat transfer, based on which the related studies can be considered as complementary paradigms toward manipulating physical parameters and realizing unprecedented phenomena in heat transfer using artificial structures, such as thermal conductivity in heat conduction, thermal emissivity in radiation, and properties related to multi-physical effects. The review is divided into three parts that focus on the three main categories of heat flow control, respectively. Thermal conduction and radiation are emphasized in the first and second parts at both macro- and micro-scale. The third part discusses the efforts to actively introduce heat sources or tune the material parameters with multi-physical effects in both conduction and radiation, including works using thermal convection. We conclude the review with challenges in this research topic and new possibilities about topological thermal effects, heat waves, and quantum thermal effects. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metamaterials

${H}_{\infty }$ Filtering for Fuzzy Jumping Genetic Regulatory Networks With Round-Robin Protocol: A Hidden-Markov-Model-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy systems 2019年第1期28卷 112-121页

作者： Hao Shen Yunzhe Men Jinde Cao Ju H. Park School of Electrical and Information Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma’anshan China School of Mathematics Southeast University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control and Decision of Complex Systems and School of Automation Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Networked Collective Intelligence and School of Mathematics Southeast University Nanjing China Department of Electrical Engineering Yeungnam University Kyongsan South Korea

In this article, a method to design the filter for fuzzy jumping genetic regulatory networks is explored. The case when the filters cannot directly utilize the mode information of the plant is taken into account. A hidden Markov model is introduced to address such a problem. Furthermore, a mature scheduling method, namely round-robin protocol, is employed to optimize the data transmission in genetic regulatory networks. On the basis of the fuzzy model approach and the stochastic analysis technique, some novel conditions ensuring the H ∞ performance and stochastic stability of the error system are established. The parameters of the filter can be presented via addressing the convex optimization problem. The feasibility of results is finally illustrated by considering a repressilator model subject to stochastic jumping parameters.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Proteins Genetics Protocols Markov processes Data communication

Granular Computing: An Augmented Scheme of Degranulation Through a Modified Partition Matrix

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Xu, Kaijie Pedrycz, Witold Li, Zhiwu Xing, Mengdao School of Electro-Mechanical Engineering Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of remote sensing science and technology School of Electronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6R 2V4 Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Institute of Systems Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau999078 China National Laboratory of Radar Signal Processing Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Information Sensing and Understanding Xidian University Xi’an710071 China National Key Laboratory of Microwave Imaging Technology Institute of Electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China

As an important technology in artificial intelligence Granular Computing (GrC) has emerged as a new multi-disciplinary paradigm and received much attention in recent years. information granules forming an abstract and efficient characterization of large volumes of numeric data have been considered as the fundamental constructs of GrC. By generating centroids (prototypes) and partition matrix, fuzzy clustering is a commonly encountered way of information granulation. As a reverse process of granulation, degranulation involves data reconstruction completed on a basis of the granular representatives (decoding information granules into numeric data). Previous studies have shown that there is a relationship between the reconstruction error and the performance of the granulation process. Typically, the lower the degranulation error is, the better performance of granulation process becomes. However, the existing methods of degranulation usually cannot restore the original numeric data, which is one of the important reasons behind the occurrence of the reconstruction error. To enhance the quality of reconstruction (degranulation), in this study, we develop an augmented scheme through modifying the partition matrix. By proposing the augmented scheme, we dwell on a novel collection of granulation-degranulation mechanisms. In the constructed approach, the prototypes can be expressed as the product of the dataset matrix and the partition matrix. Then, in the degranulation process, the reconstructed numeric data can be decomposed into the product of the partition matrix and the matrix of prototypes. Both the granulation and degranulation are regarded as generalized rotation between the data subspace and the prototype subspace with the partition matrix and the fuzzification factor. By modifying the partition matrix, the new partition matrix is constructed through a series of matrix operations. We offer a thorough analysis of the developed scheme. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. Al

关键词： Granulation