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Abstract processes and conflicts in place/transition systems

INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION 2021年 281卷 104706-104706页

作者： van Glabbeek, Rob Goltz, Ursula Schicke-Uffmann, Jens-Wolfhard CSIRO Data61 Sydney NSW Australia Univ New South Wales Sch Comp Sc & Engn Sydney NSW Australia TU Braunschweig Inst Programming & React Syst Braunschweig Germany

For one-safe Petri nets or condition/event-systems, a process as defined by Carl Adam Petri provides a notion of a run of a system where causal dependencies are reflected in terms of a partial order. Goltz and Reisig have generalised this concept for nets where places carry multiple tokens, by distinguishing tokens according to their causal history. However, this so-called individual token interpretation is often considered too detailed. Here we identify a subclass of Petri nets, called structural conflict nets, where no interplay between conflict and concurrency due to token multiplicity occurs. For this subclass, we define abstract processes as equivalence classes of Goltz-Reisig processes. We justify this approach by showing that there is a largest abstract process if and only if the underlying net is conflict-free with respect to a canonical notion of conflict. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Petri nets

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A Survey on Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning with Fully Homomorphic Encryption 7th

A Survey on Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning with Fully H...

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7th Latin American Conference on High Performance Computing

作者： Pulido-Gaytan, Luis Bernardo Tchernykh, Andrei Cortes-Mendoza, Jorge M. Babenko, Mikhail Radchenko, Gleb CICESE Res Ctr Carr Tijuana Ensenada 3918 Ensenada 22860 Baja California Mexico South Ural State Univ Prospekt Lenina 76 Chelyabinsk 454080 Russia North Caucasus Fed Univ Kulakova 2 Stavropol 355029 Russia RAS Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Alexander Solzhenitsyn St 25 Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030680343;9783030680350

The secure and efficient processing of private information in the cloud computing paradigm is still an open issue. New security threats arise with the increasing volume of data into cloud storage, where cloud providers require high levels of trust, and data breaches are significant problems. Encrypting the data with conventional schemes is considered the best option to avoid security problems. However, a decryption process is necessary when the data must be processed, but it falls into the initial problem of data vulnerability. The user cannot operate on the data directly and must download it to perform the computations locally. In this context, Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is considered the holy grail of cryptography in order to solve cybersecurity problems, it allows a non-trustworthy third-party resource to blindly process encrypted information without disclosing confidential data. FHE is a valuable capability in a world of distributed computation and heterogeneous networking. In this survey, we present a comprehensive review of theoretical concepts, state-of-the-art, limitations, potential applications, and development tools in the domain of FHE. Moreover, we show the intersection of FHE and machine learning from a theoretical and a practical point of view and identify potential research directions to enrich Machine Learning as a Service, a new paradigm of cloud computing. Specifically, this paper aims to be a guide to researchers and practitioners interested in learning, applying, and extending knowledge in FHE over machine learning.

关键词： Cloud security Fully homomorphic encryption Machine learning as a service

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A Method for Analyzing Code-Reuse Attacks

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programming AND COMPUTER SOFTWARE 2019年第8期45卷 473-484页

作者： Vishnyakov, A. V. Nurmukhametov, A. R. Kurmangaleev, Sh F. Gaisaryan, S. S. Russian Acad Sci Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow 109004 Russia Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ Moscow 119991 Russia

Nowadays, ensuring software security is of paramount importance. Software failures can have significant consequences, and malicious vulnerability exploitation can inflict immense losses. Large corporations pay particular attention to the investigation of computer security incidents. Code-reuse attacks based on return-oriented programming (ROP) are gaining popularity each year and can bypass even modern operating system protection mechanisms. Unlike ordinary shellcode, where instructions are placed sequentially in memory, a ROP chain consists of multiple small instruction blocks (called gadgets) and uses the stack to chain them together. This makes the analysis of ROP exploits more difficult. The main goal of this work is to simplify reverse engineering of ROP exploits. A method for analyzing code-reuse attacks that allows one to split the chain into gadgets, restore the semantics of each particular gadget, and restore the prototypes and parameter values of the system calls and functions invoked during the execution of the ROP chain is proposed. The semantics of each gadget is determined by its parameterized type. Each gadget type is defined by a postcondition (Boolean predicate) that must always be true after the gadget execution. The proposed method was implemented as a software tool and tested on real-world ROP exploits found on the Internet.

关键词： Semantics

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Parametric study of the effectiveness of active yaw control based on large eddy simulation

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OCEAN ENGINEERING 2023年第1期271卷

作者： Wei, Dezhi Wang, Nina Wan, Decheng Strijhak, Sergei Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Sch Naval Architecture Ocean & Civil Engn Computat Marine Hydrodynam Lab CMHL Shanghai Peoples R China Huadong Engn Corp Ltd Key Lab Far shore Wind Power Technol Zhejiang Prov Hangzhou Peoples R China Russian Acad Sci Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow Russia Zhejiang Univ Ocean Coll Zhoushan Peoples R China

Previous studies on active yaw control (hereafter, AYC) have demonstrated its potential in wind farm power optimization. However, most focus are concentrated on the amount of relative power enhancement achieved by AYC, ignoring how various parameters affect the effectiveness of AYC, let alone the mechanism behind the variation of AYC efficiency. Evidently, this is not conducive to the practical implementation of AYC. In response, a parametric study of the effectiveness of AYC is pursued in this paper, by performing a series of large eddy simulations (hereafter, LES) for the NREL 5 MW turbine array under different operating conditions. The LES results reveal that AYC is more effective in the environment with lower incoming wind speed and smaller tur-bulence intensity level. What is more, the AYC efficiency is found to vary greatly with the streamwise distance between consecutive wind turbines, but is not sensitive to the change of column spacing within a typical range. A large power gain is achieved at wind angles corresponding to partial-wake operating conditions. The active yaw behavior of the last wind turbine in the array also shows the potential to increase the total power production but the corresponding power gain is small. Moreover, it is shown that the yaw direction of wind turbine has non-negligible influence on AYC, especially in the stable boundary layer. From the power production perspective, positive yaw of wind turbine is recommended in the north hemisphere.

关键词： Active yaw control Large eddy simulation Wind farm power performance Parametric studies

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Parallelization of Implementations of Purely Sequential Algorithms

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programming AND COMPUTER SOFTWARE 2019年第7期45卷 381-389页

作者： Bugerya, A. B. Kim, E. S. Solovev, M. A. Russian Acad Sci Keldysh Inst Appl Math Moscow 125047 Russia Russian Acad Sci Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow 109004 Russia

The work is dedicated to the parallelization of programs in especially difficult cases when the used algorithm is purely sequential, there are no parallel alternatives to this algorithm, and its execution time is unacceptably high. Various parallelization methods for software implementations of such algorithms and resulting computational load balancing are considered that make it possible to considerably accelerate the execution of application programs using purely sequential algorithms. The proposed methods are illustrated with examples of their application to two algorithms used in a dynamic binary code analysis toolset. The main goal of this paper is to show that the use of a purely sequential algorithm in a software implementation does not necessarily imply that its execution is inevitably sequential. The proposed methods of parallelizing implementations of such algorithms and balancing the resulting computational load can help develop efficient parallel programs that fully utilize the hardware capabilities of modern computers.

关键词： Application programs

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Collaborative Development and Use of Scientific Applications in Orlando Tools: Integration, Delivery, and Deployment 6th

Collaborative Development and Use of Scientific Applications...

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6th Latin American Conference on High Performance Computing (CARLA)

作者： Feoktistov, Alexander Gorsky, Sergei Sidorov, Ivan Bychkov, Igor Tchernykh, Andrei Edelev, Alexei Matrosov Inst Syst Dynam & Control Theory SB RAS Irkutsk Russia CICESE Res Ctr Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918Post Box 360 Ensenada 22860 Baja California Mexico Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming RAS Moscow Russia South Ural State Univ Chelyabinsk Russia Melentiev Energy Syst Inst SB RAS Irkutsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030410056;9783030410049

The paper addresses practical challenges related to the development and application of distributed software packages of the Orlando Tools framework to solve real problems. Such packages include a special class of scientific applications characterized by a wide class of problem solvers, modular structure of software, algorithmic knowledge implemented by modules, computations scalability, execution in heterogeneous resources, etc. It is adapted for various categories of users: developers, administrators, and end-users. Unlike other tools for developing scientific applications, Orlando Tools provides supports for the intensive evolution of algorithmic knowledge, adaptation of existed and designing new ones. It has the capability to extend the class of solved problems. We implement and automate the non-trivial technological sequence of the collaborative development and use of packages including the continuous integration, delivery, deployment, and execution of package modules in a heterogeneous distributed environment that integrates grid and cloud computing. This approach reduces the complexity of the collaborative development and use of packages, and increases software operation predictability through the preliminary detecting and eliminating errors with significant reduction of the correcting cost.

关键词： Grid Cloud Applied software packages Continuous integration Delivery Deployment Collaborative computing

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DT-RRNS: Routing Protocol Design for Secure and Reliable Distributed Smart Sensors Communication systems

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SENSORS 2023年第7期23卷 3738页

作者： Gladkov, Andrei Shiriaev, Egor Tchernykh, Andrei Deryabin, Maxim Babenko, Mikhail Nesmachnow, Sergio North Caucasus Fed Univ Fac Math & Comp Sci Stavropol 355017 Russia CICESE Res Ctr Comp Sci Dept Ensenada 22860 Mexico Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Control Management & Appl Math Moscow 109004 Russia Samsung Adv Inst Technol Comp Platform Lab Suwon 16678 South Korea North Caucasus Fed Univ North Caucasus Ctr Math Res Stavropol 355017 Russia Univ Republica Fac Engn Montevideo 11300 Uruguay

A smart city has a complex hierarchical communication system with various components. It must meet the requirements of fast connection, reliability, and security without data compromise. Internet of Things technology is widely used to provide connectivity and control solutions for smart sensors and other devices using heterogeneous networking technologies. In this paper, we propose a routing solution for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) and Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET) with increasing speed, reliability, and sufficient security. Many routing protocols have been proposed for WSNs and MANETs. We combine the Secret Sharing Schemes (SSS) and Redundant Residual Number systems (RRNS) to provide an efficient mechanism for a Distributed dynamic heterogeneous network Transmission (DT) with new security and reliability routing protocol (DT-RRNS). We analyze the concept of data transmission based on RRNS that divides data into smaller encoded shares and transmits them in parallel, protecting them from attacks on routes by adaptive multipath secured transmission and providing self-correcting properties that improve the reliability and fault tolerance of the entire system.

关键词： smart city Residue Number system Secret Sharing Schemes distributed transmitted reliability Mobile Ad hoc Network communication heterogeneous sensor networks

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Deductive Binary Code Verification Against Source-Code-Level Specifications 14th

Deductive Binary Code Verification Against Source-Code-Level...

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14th International Conference on Tests and Proofs (TAP) held as part of Software Technologies - Applications and Foundations (STAF) Conference

作者： Kamkin, Alexander Khoroshilov, Alexey Kotsynyak, Artem Putro, Pavel Russian Acad Sci Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow Russia Lomonosov Moscow State Univ Moscow Russia Moscow Inst Phys & Technol Moscow Russia Natl Res Univ Higher Sch Econ Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783030509958;9783030509941

There is a high demand in practical methods and tools to ensure total correctness of critical software components. A usual assumption is that the machine code (or binary code) generated by a compiler follows the semantics of the programming language. Unfortunately, modern compilers such as GCC and LLVM are too complex to be thoroughly verified, and bugs in the generated code are not uncommon. As an alternative approach, we suggest proving that the generated machine code still satisfies the functional properties expressed at the source code level. The suggested approach takes an ACSL-annotated C function along with its binary code and checks that the binary code meets the ACSL annotations. The main steps are as follows: (1) disassembling the machine code and extracting its semantics;(2) adapting the annotations to the machine level and generating the verification conditions. The implementation utilizes MicroTESK, Frama-C, Why3, and other tools. To illustrate the solution, we use the RISC-V microprocessor architecture;however, the approach is relatively independent of the target platform as it is based on formal specifications of the instruction set. It is worth noting that the presented method can be exploited as a test oracle for compiler testing.

关键词： Binary code analysis Deductive verification Equivalence checking Formal instruction set specification Compiler testing

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Numerical simulation of the interaction between suspended sediment and moving plate based on the drift-flux model

Numerical simulation of the interaction between suspended se...

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Ivannikov Ispras Open Conference (ISPRAS)

作者： Yang, Bo Zhang, Qin Liang, Bingchen Liu, Xin Qu, Mengxiang Matvey, Kraposhin Bertevas, Erwan Ocean Univ China Coll Engn Qingdao Peoples R China RAS Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow Russia Natl Univ Singapore Keppel NUS Corp Lab Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412919

In recent years, the research on deep-sea mining has become more and more popular, especially in the interaction between the harvesting system and seabed to estimate and minimize seabed disturbance. In this paper, an inclined plane is adopted to simplify the front of the nodule harvester, and a solver for simulating turbulent sediment transport and fluid-structure interaction is developed based on the drift-flux model in the OpenFOAM. The volume of fluid (VOF) algorithm is used to simulate the diffusion and sedimentation process of sediment in the water, and the kOmegaSST model is used to calculate the turbulent diffusion coefficient of the mixed solution. Two different dynamic mesh strategies, overset and arbitrarily coupled mesh interface (ACMI) methods, are used to simulate the movement of the tilting push plate. This paper compares the simulation results of two different strategies. The results show that under the same simulation accuracy, ACMI method is more reliable and efficient than overset method.

关键词： turbulent sediment transport dynamic mesh drift-flux model the OpenFOAM

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Experimental Evaluation of Homomorphic Comparison Methods

Experimental Evaluation of Homomorphic Comparison Methods

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Ivannikov Ispras Open Conference (ISPRAS)

作者： Babenko, Mikhail Tchernykh, Andrei Pulido-Gaytan, Bernardo Golimblevskaia, Elena Cortes-Mendoza, Jorge M. Avetisyan, Arutyun North Caucasus Fed Univ Stavropol Russia Ivannikov Inst Syst Programming Moscow Russia CICESE Res Ctr Ensenada Baja California Mexico South Ural State Univ Chelyabinsk Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412919

The use of cloud technologies for processing confidential data requires a solution to the data security problem. One of the mechanisms to solve it is homomorphic encryption. However, homomorphic encryption only allows the arithmetic operations of addition and multiplication to be performed over encrypted numbers. Consequently, when implementing algorithms for matrix algebra, artificial neural networks, and deep learning, it becomes necessary to implement the comparison operation in a homomorphic cipher. In this paper, we study methods for comparison operations in a homomorphic cipher. One of the methods is to use the subtraction of numbers and determine the sign of a number. Two families of polynomials and their composition are used to approximate the sign function. We provide estimates of the accuracy of the sign function approximation obtained as a result of modeling and show that they are 1.98 times better than the state-of-the-art theoretical estimate for polynomials f(n) (x). Also, we show that the theoretical estimate of g(n) (x) is not applicable for n <= 4.

关键词： Homomorphic encryption number comparison approximation sign function polynomial composition of polynomials CKKS scheme

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