In this paper we present a new model for diagnosis of errors in Synchronous Sequential Circuits (SCC) on the functional level. In contrast to many previously published approaches we do not consider a specific implemen...
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In this paper we present a new model for diagnosis of errors in Synchronous Sequential Circuits (SCC) on the functional level. In contrast to many previously published approaches we do not consider a specific implementation. inst.ad we use tests based on the transition behavior of the corresponding Finite State Machine (FSM). Thus, the approach can be used for verification and test. We describe a method for constructing a minimal cost test based on AND/OR graphs. Exact and heuristic methods are presented. First experimental results for randomly generated FSMs are given that demonstrate the efficiency of our approach.
A new algorithm, FlexCryst, is presented for fast crystal structure prediction. The algorithm differs from existing algorithms in that it performs the analysis on the basis of only a single molecule and uses potential...
A new algorithm, FlexCryst, is presented for fast crystal structure prediction. The algorithm differs from existing algorithms in that it performs the analysis on the basis of only a single molecule and uses potentials for scoring energy that are derived statistically from a set of data on molecular structures. In a first step, the algorithm creates various potential unit cells. In the second step, a set of candidates for translation vectors for corresponding crystals is generated. In the third step, the algorithm selects triples of candidate vectors to form potential crystal structures. The fourth step ranks the crystal structures with respect to their energy as estimated by a suitable scoring function. In the last step, the crystal structures are clustered according to a newly defined measure of similarity for crystal structures. At the moment, the program can handle only triclinic crystals with one molecule per asymmetric unit. The algorithm was tested on a set of 131 experimentally resolved crystals of space group P1 and 95 crystals of space group P1̄ from the Cambridge Structural Database. For P1, in 129 cases (98%), the observed crystal structure is among the crystal structures generated by the algorithm. The run time of the algorithm is a few seconds per molecule on a standard workstation. For P1̄, the experimental structure has been found among the proposed structures in 81 cases (85%). Owing to the more comp.ex unit cell for this space group, the run time increases to about 2 h per molecule.
We propose a novel multiscale algorithm for the problem of model assimilation of data. The algorithm allows one to efficiently perform optimal statistical interpolation of observed data from a given forecast w(f) and ...
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We propose a novel multiscale algorithm for the problem of model assimilation of data. The algorithm allows one to efficiently perform optimal statistical interpolation of observed data from a given forecast w(f) and vector of observations w(o). The core of the new approach is a combination of two multiscale tools: a multiresolution iterative process and a multigrid fast-summation technique. Our approach allows efficient comp.tations related to global filtering and interpolation of the observations, particularly between data-rich and data-sparse areas. In this paper, we describe an iterative process based on a multiresolution simultaneous displacement technique and a localized variational calculation of iteration parameters. We explain how this process can be efficiently combined with the multigrid fast-summation procedure.
Most physical properties of a solid depend on its isotopic comp.sition in some way or another. It seems likely that isotope effects are most clearly manifested in crystal lattice dynamics, which is evidenced by works ...
Most physical properties of a solid depend on its isotopic comp.sition in some way or another. It seems likely that isotope effects are most clearly manifested in crystal lattice dynamics, which is evidenced by works in this field that have been published for more than half a century. A great number of stable isotopes and well-developed methods of their separation has made it possible to date to grow crystals of diamond, lithium hydride, zinc oxide, cuprous oxide, cadmium sulfide, germanium, and silicon with a controllable isotopic comp.sition. The accumulated voluminous theoretical and experimental data suggest that the isotopic comp.sition of a crystal lattice exerts some influence on the thermal, elastic, and vibrational properties of crystals. These effects are quite large and can be readily measured by modern experimental techniques (ultrasound and Brillouin and Raman scattering). For example, the change in the lattice constant is Δa/a ≃ 10-3-10-4, while the change δCik in the elastic constants amounts to several percent. In addition, crystals of different isotopic comp.sitions possess different Debye temperatures. This difference between a LiH crystal and its deuteride exceeds a hundred degrees. Of the same order of magnitude is the difference between Debye temperatures for diamond crystals. Very pronounced and general effects of isotopic substitution are observed in phonon spectra. The scattering lines in isotopically mixed crystals are not only shifted (the shift of LO-lines in diamond crystals exceeds 100 cm-1) but are also broadened. This broadening is related to the isotopic disorder of a crystal lattice. It is shown in this review that the degree of a change in the scattering potential is different for different isotopic mixed crystals. In the case of germanium and diamond crystals, phonon scattering is weak, which allows one to successfully apply the coherent potential approximation (CPA) for describing shift
A method is proposed for the construction of a family of uniformly distributed sequences of real numbers possessing unusual statistical properties. A comp.rative analysis of a number of statistics defined on the basis...
In this paper, we consider the optimization method for monotone variational inequality problems on polyhedral sets. First, we consider the mixed comp.ementarity problem based on the original problem. Then, a merit fun...
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In this paper, we consider the optimization method for monotone variational inequality problems on polyhedral sets. First, we consider the mixed comp.ementarity problem based on the original problem. Then, a merit function for the mixed comp.ementarity problem is proposed and some desirable properties of the merit function are obtained. Under certain assumptions: we show that any stationary point of the merit function is a solution of the original problem. A descent method for the optimization problem is proposed and the global convergence of the method is shown.
We introduce a concept in VLSI layout which can find applications in submicron design, quantum devices, and designing new fine-grain FPGAs. This concept is called Lattice Structure and it extends the concepts from [8]...
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We introduce a concept in VLSI layout which can find applications in submicron design, quantum devices, and designing new fine-grain FPGAs. This concept is called Lattice Structure and it extends the concepts from [8] and [1,13,14,17,18]. In the regular arrangement of cells, every cell is connected to 4, 6 or 8 neighbors and to vertical, horizontal and diagonal buses. Methods for expanding arbitrary binary and multi-valued combinational functions to this layout are illustrated.
We investigated the prevalence and clinical relevance of p53 nuclear overexpression in histologically benign bladder mucosa in patients with superficial transitional cell cancer (TCC) of the bladder to look for 'p...
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We investigated the prevalence and clinical relevance of p53 nuclear overexpression in histologically benign bladder mucosa in patients with superficial transitional cell cancer (TCC) of the bladder to look for 'premalignant' lesions as the source of tumor recurrence. p53 Accumulation in representative tumor and normal-looking bladder mucosa was studied in 53 patients with Ta and T1 TCC. Histologically normal bladder specimens from 20 prostate cancer patients served as controls. We used a biotin streptavidine- peroxidase system to stain deparaffinized tissue sections with the p53 monoclonal antibody DO7. Specimens from 42 (79%) of the 53 TCC patients stained from p53 in the tumor area. There was no statistically significant difference between pTa and pT1 lesions (pTa, 71.4%;pT1, 87.5%), and staining correlated weakly with tumor grade (G1, 62%;G2, 82%;G3, 100%). Evaluation of histologically normal bladder mucosa showed positive p53 staining in 13 (24.5%) of the 53 patients. Disease recurred in 20 patients. Among them, 12 had positive staining in the normal bladder mucosa. Although p53 expression in tumor areas showed only slight correlation with tumor recurrence (p = 0.043, Cochran-Armitage test), p53 accumulation in healthy bladder mucosa correlated strongly with disease recurrence (p < 0.0001, Fisher's exact test). p53 Overexpression in histologically normal bladder mucosa in patients with TCC might identify premalignant alterations in tumor-surrounding areas. Our data suggest that p53 accumulation in histologically benign bladder mucosa of TCC patients is a possible marker of disease recurrence.
Within the framework of known methods and techniques of event timing an improved method is proposed that yields a higher timing resolution (down to several picoseconds). The method is based on repeated measurement and...
The materials sci.nce of carbon-based materials has enjoyed a tremendous growth in the past half century. Selected highlights are reviewed with emphasis given to future opportunities in this research field.
The materials sci.nce of carbon-based materials has enjoyed a tremendous growth in the past half century. Selected highlights are reviewed with emphasis given to future opportunities in this research field.
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