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作者： De Fraysseix, Hubert Kratochvíl, Jan CNRS UMR 8557 E.H.E.S.S 54 Bd Raspail 75006 Paris France Department of Applied Mathematics Inst. for Theor. Computer Science Charles University Malostranské nám. 25 188 00 Praha 1 Czech Republic

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A Hierarchical 3-D Poisson Modified Fourier Solver by Domain Decomposition

A Hierarchical 3-D Poisson Modified Fourier Solver by Domain...

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作者： Israeli, Moshe Braverman, Elena Averbuch, Amir Computer Science Department Technion-Israel Inst. of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel Computer Science Department Technion Haifa 32000 Israel Yale University Department of Mathematics 10 Hillhouse Avenue New Haven CT 06520-8283 United States School of Mathematical Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel

We present a Domain Decomposition non-iterative solver for the Poisson equation in a 3-D rectangular box. The solution domain is divided into mostly parallelepiped subdomains. In each subdomain a particular solution of the non-homogeneous equation is first computed by a fast spectral method. This method is based on the application of the discrete Fourier transform accompanied by a subtraction technique. For high accuracy the subdomain boundary conditions must be compatible with the specified inhomogeneous right hand side at the edges of all the interfaces. In the following steps the partial solutions are hierarchically matched. At each step pairs of adjacent subdomains are merged into larger units. In this paper we present the matching algorithm for two boxes which is a basis of the domain decomposition scheme. The hierarchical approach is convenient for parallelization and minimizes the global communication. The algorithm requires O(N3 log N) operations, where N is the number of grid points in each direction.

关键词： Natural sciences computing

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Towards Weak Bisimulation For Coalgebras

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Electronic Notes in Theoretical computer science 2002年第1期68卷 32-46页

作者： Jan Rothe Dragan Mašulović Inst. for Theor. Computer Science Dresden University of Technology D-01062 Dresden Germany Inst. of Mathematics and Informatics University of Novi Sad Trg D. Obradovića 4 21000 Novi Sad Yugoslavia

This paper contains a novel approach to observational equivalence for coalgebras. We describe how to define weak homomorphisms, weak bisimulation, and investigate the connection between them as well as the relation to the known theory of bisimulation for coalgebras. The ultimate result of the paper is the correctness-proof for a weak coinduction proof principle.

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Virtual reality in biological microscopic imaging

Virtual reality in biological microscopic imaging

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： R. van Liere W. de Leeuw J. Mulder P. Verschure A. Visser E. Manders R. van Driel Department of Information Systems Center for Mathematics and Computer Science Amsterdam Netherlands Swammadam Inst. for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands

Confocal microscopes have recently allowed biologists and biomedical researchers to obtain time dependent 3D data sets of biological. objects, such as cells and tissues. Scientific visualization can provide visual presentations of structural characteristics of these data sets. This paper addresses the role of virtual reality in gaining insight in these presentations. The understanding of structural characteristics of time dependent 3D confocal biological data requires spatial judgments. Perceiving these characteristics is enhanced by using virtual reality technology. The advantage of virtual reality is particularly apparent in the exploration phase of the analysis when the behavior of the underlying biological processes is not a priori known.

关键词： Virtual reality Microscopy Data visualization Biomedical imaging Cells (biology) Biology Biological cells computer graphics Proteins Biological processes

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Motivation, design, and development of 12-micron imaging Stokes polarimeters for solar magnetic field studies

Motivation, design, and development of 12-micron imaging Sto...

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Innovative Telescopes and inst.umentation for Solar Astrophysics

作者： Deming, Drake Jennings, Donald E. McCabe, George H. Moran, Thomas Sada, Pedro Ennico, Kimberly A. Planetary Systems Branch Code 693 NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD 20771 United States Inst. Astrophysics Computer Science The Catholic University of America Washington DC 20064 United States Ctr. for Solar Phys. Space Weather The Catholic University of America Washington DC 20064 United States Departmento de Fisica y Mathematics Universidad de Monterrey San Pedro Garza Garcian N.L. 66259 Mexico Astrophysics Branch NASA's Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA 94035 United States

We discuss the scientific motivations, design considerations, and development status of imaging Stokes polarimeters based on the extremely Zeeman-sensitive infrared emission line of MgI at 12.32 μm. The resolved Zeeman splitting exhibited by this far-infrared line enables significant process on many problems in solar physics. These problems include vertical gradients in field strength, the magnetic structure of sunspots, the nature of magnetic energy release associated with solar flares, the measurement of horizontal currents in solar active regions, improved measurements of vertical currents, direct measurement of photospheic reconnection, the occurrence and nature of weak magnetic fields, and other problems. We discuss why 12 μm measurements are well suited to these investigations, and we comment on the capability of current inst.umentation to enable these studies. Several inst.uments currently exist to perform 12 μm Stokes polarimetry: a Fabry-Perot system, a grating spectrometer, and the McMatch-Pierce Fourier transform spectrometer (which remains crucial for many aspects). We elaborate on some design considerations and development issues, and discuss the optimal approach to be taken in future 12 μm imaging Stokes polarimetry.

关键词： Polarimeters

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Optimization of a micro fluidic component using a parallel evolutionary algorithm and simulation based on discrete element methods

Optimization of a micro fluidic component using a parallel e...

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Sixth International Conference on computer Aided Optimum Design of Structures - OPTI 2001

作者： Jakob, W. Quinte, A. Scherer, K.-P. Eggert, H. Inst. for Applied Computer Science Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Germany

In most cases, application of the powerful evolutionary optimizing method is limited to tasks which can manage with short simulation runtimes, e.g. less than one minute. More precise simulations like discrete element methods require much more time of up to 20 minutes and more. This can be solved by a parallelization of the optimization process. The parallel version of our optimization tool GADO (Genetic Algorithm for Design Optimization) based on structured populations scales linearly with the number of involved processors and, thus, enables us to handle optimization based on time-consuming simulation. This paper introduces the parallelization in brief and describes the optimization task. The micro fluidic component is a micro structured polymeric film of 80 μm thickness, which works as an actuator plate and can be used e.g. for tactile arrays. By varying the structures of the film, the mechanical behavior can be affected. The main optimization goals are a great deflection at a given working pressure and a limited tension of the film in order to achieve a long life time of the device. This is a highly multimodal problem and it requires chromosomes of dynamic length, as the optimal number of structures is one of the optimization parameters and itself depends on the geometry of the structures on hand. The obtained results are very promising and show that manual designs can be outdone in both performance and durability.

关键词： Fluidics

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Sensor fusion: A rough granular approach

Sensor fusion: A rough granular approach

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Joint 9th IFSA World Congress and 20th NAFIPS International Conference

作者： Peters, J.F. Ramanna, S. Borkowski, M. Skowron, Andrzej Stepaniuk, Jaroslaw Suraj, Zbigniew Computer Engineering University of Manitoba Winnipeg Man. R3T 5V6 Canada Institute of Mathematics Warsaw University Banacha 2 02-097 Warsaw Poland Inst. Computer Science Bialystok Univ. Tech. Wiejska 45A 15-351 Bialystok Poland Inst. of Mathematics Pedagogical Univ. Rejtana 16A 33-310 Rzeszow Poland

This paper introduces an application of a particular form of rough granular computing in fusing (combining) sensor readings. The intent of this paper is to describe a system that engages in a form of knowledge discovery based on sensor fusion. Such a system responds to sensor outputs in a manner that is selective, determines the relevance of each sensor in a classification effort, and constructs information granules computationally useful in arriving at a decision (proposed solution to a problem) in a problem-solving system. A sensor is a device that responds to each stimulus by converting its measured input to some form of usable output. Relevance of a sensor is computed with a rough integral that computes a form of ordered weighted average of sensor values. The construction of an information granule depends on the selection of a threshold for sensor values. Only those sensors with rough integral values approaching a selected threshold are fused (i.e., used to construct a granule). The contribution of this paper is the introduction of a sensor fusion method based on rough integration. By way of practical application, an approach to fusion of homogeneous sensors deemed relevant in a classification effort is considered.

关键词： Rough set theory

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Reflecting distributed knowledge in IT systems: a three layers concept

Reflecting distributed knowledge in IT systems: a three laye...

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International Workshop on Database and Expert Systems Applications

作者： M. Winimer R. Traunmuller Inst. for Comput. Sci. Linz Univ. Austria Institute of Applied Computer Science University of Linz Austria

Critics of present IT support systems reveal a lack of adequate comprehension of the application domain and its components and features at the systemic level. In particular, the distribution of knowledge, its change over time, and its redistribution induced by tools as a key factor have been under-rated up to now. So, after discussing IT support system deficiencies, we continue with a holistic view on, and a concept for, distributed knowledge, especially for information- and knowledge-rich organisations. The three layers of the concept comprise: knowledge types; the interaction between knowledge stakeholders; and knowledge representation. From there, we proceed to the acquisition of distributed knowledge and to issues on how to manage it.

关键词： Knowledge management Shape Humans computer science Application software Psychology Knowledge representation Power system management Hardware Cost function

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Spectro ML-A Markup Language for Molecular Spectrometry Data

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JALA - Journal of the Association for Laboratory Automation 2001年第6期6卷 76-82页

作者： Rühl, M. Alexander Schäfer, Reinhold Kramer, Gary W. Analytical Chemistry Division Chem. Sci. and Technology Laboratory Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology Gaithersburg MD 20899-8394 United States Wiesbaden Comp. Intgd. Laboratory Computer Science Department University of Applied Sciences 65197 Wiesbaden Germany Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology Bldg. 227 Gaithersburg MD 20899-8394 100 Bureau Drive United States University of Applied Sciences Wiesbaden Germany Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology Gaithersburg MD United States Fachhochschule Wiesbaden University of Applied Sciences Wiesbaden Germany Wiesbaden Comp. Intgd. Laboratory Germany Molec. Spectrom. Microfluidic M. Analytical Chemistry Division Natl. Inst. of Std. and Technology United States

SpectroML is a markup language for molecular spectrometry data that can be used as a "web-aware" mechanism for inst.ument-to-inst.ument, inst.ument-to-application, and application-to-application data interchange and archiving. SpectroML was developed using XML (extensible mark up language), and its vocabulary was gleaned from the terminology, data dictionaries, and concepts embodied in existing standards, inst.ument software, and data interchange formats. Currently, we have created a SpectroML vocabulary, document type definition, schema, stylesheets, and some demonstration applications for UV-visible spectroscopy data;however, the structure and flexible data model embodied in SpectroML should make it easily adaptable to other spectroscopy techniques.

关键词： Data format Data interchange Markup language Metadata Molecular spectrometry data SpectroML XML

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Sensor fusion: a rough granular approach

Sensor fusion: a rough granular approach

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Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society - NAFIPS

作者： J.F. Peters S. Ramanna A. Skowron J. Stepaniuk Z. Suraj Computer Engineering University of Manitoba Winnipeg Manitoba Canada Institute of Mathematics Warsaw University Warsaw Poland Inst. Computer Science Bialystok Univ. Tech Bialystok Poland

The paper introduces an application of a particular form of rough granular computing in fusing (combining) sensor readings. The intent of the paper is to describe a system that engages in a form of knowledge discovery based on sensor fusion. Such a system responds to sensor outputs in a manner that is selective, determines the relevance of each sensor in a classification effort, and constructs information granules computationally useful in arriving at a decision (proposed solution to a problem) in a problem-solving system. A sensor is a device that responds to each stimulus by converting its measured input to some form of usable output. Relevance of a sensor is computed with a rough integral that computes a form of ordered weighted average of sensor values. The construction of an information granule depends on the selection of a threshold for sensor values. Only those sensors with rough integral values approaching a selected threshold are fused (i.e., used to construct a granule). The contribution of the paper is the introduction of a sensor fusion method based on rough integration. By way of practical application, an approach to fusion of homogeneous sensors deemed relevant in a classification effort is considered.

关键词： Sensor fusion Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems and applications mathematics Sensor systems Problem-solving Rough sets Information systems computer science Application software

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