作者：
Miroslav FojtaJan PalečekInstitute of Biophysics
Czech Academy of Sciences Královopolská 2590/135 612 00 Brno Czech Republic. fojta@ibp.cz. Faculty of Science
National Centre for Biomolecular Research Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic. jpalecek@sci.muni.cz.
This year we celebrate seventy years since the establishment of the institute of biophysics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (IBP) (founded on January 1, 1955). If we look into the biography of Professor Emil P...
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This year we celebrate seventy years since the establishment of the institute of biophysics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences (IBP) (founded on January 1, 1955). If we look into the biography of Professor Emil Paleček (born on October 3, 1930), one of the most world-recognized personalities associated with the institute and one of the most cited Czech scientists, known as the founder of nucleic acids electrochemistry, we are drawn to the same year, i.e. 1955, as the year in which Emil Paleček finished his studies in biochemistry and joined the IBP, where he worked with admirable vitality, enthusiasm and dedication until his death (October 30, 2018). In the context of celebration of founding of the institute, we would like to commemorate in this article a personality who significantly influenced the history of the institute alongside the important discoveries and research directions that defined his extremely successful career. We prefer this form, which is a sort of a mini-review of the most important results of the laboratory obtained under EP's leadership over 63 years, presented in mutual context and natural relations. For his life's work, Professor Paleček received many prestigious awards, with the Czech Head Award in 2014 and the Neuron Foundation Award in 2017 being the most distinguished.
Quantum coherence will undoubtedly play a fundamental role in understanding the dynamics of quantum many-body systems;therefore, to be able to reveal its genuine contribution is of great importance. In this paper, we ...
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Quantum coherence will undoubtedly play a fundamental role in understanding the dynamics of quantum many-body systems;therefore, to be able to reveal its genuine contribution is of great importance. In this paper, we focus our discussions on the one-dimensional transverse field quantum Ising model initialized in the coherent Gibbs state, and investigate the effects of quantum coherence on dynamical quantum phase transition(DQPT). After quenching the strength of the transverse field, the effects of quantum coherence are studied using Fisher zeros and the rate function of the Loschmidt echo. We find that quantum coherence not only recovers DQPT destroyed by thermal fluctuations, but also generates some entirely new DQPTs, which are independent of the equilibrium quantum critical point. We also find that the Fisher zero cutting the imaginary axis is not sufficient to generate DQPT because it also requires the Fisher zeros to be tightly bound close enough to the neighborhood of the imaginary axis. It can be manifested that DQPTs are rooted in quantum fluctuations. This work reveals new information on the fundamental connection between quantum critical phenomena and quantum coherence.
The development of approaches and materials that combine several types of stimulatory effects on nerve tissue growth is a promising task for biotechnology. The aim of this work was a comparative study of the influence...
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Closed ecological systems are of two-fold interest - as models of the Earth's biosphere explorable in experiments and as a facility for long-term autonomous human life support beyond the Earth. Theoretical analysi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510818934
Closed ecological systems are of two-fold interest - as models of the Earth's biosphere explorable in experiments and as a facility for long-term autonomous human life support beyond the Earth. Theoretical analysis and experimental implementation of highly closed manned systems has been the subject of studies at the institute of biophysics (Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch) for many years. BIOS systems of increasing complexity with complete regeneration of atmosphere, water and partially food have been realized. In BIOS-3 experiments the system inhabited by 2-3 researchers for 4-6 months maintained its metabolic equilibrium without any negative physiological effect on the crew, which proves its sustainable condition. Specific for BIOS-3 is internal control by the people inhabiting the system. So, BIOS-3 is the first experimental implementation of V.l. Vernadsky's idea about the noosphere - habitable Biosphere controlled by human intelligence. Contrary to predictions of many environmentalists the closedness of the ecosystem is a factor that does not reduce, but increases its sustainability and makes its use for reliable life support outside the Earth realistic. The system is sustainable owing to permanent feedback between the monitoring of few key parameters of the system and automatic corrective actions on them. Main object of control is photo-biosynthesis regenerating parameters of human habitat disturbed by his vital activities. This principle has been realized in BIOS system and proved its reliability in long-term experiments. A new challenge is specified-optimal increase of trophic closedness of the system by reproduction within it essential proteins (peptides and amino acids), lipids, vitamins and other essential compounds. Alternative lines of attack on this problem by state-of-the-art biotechnological methods, GMO including, are under analysis. Reduced BIOS version - without complete closure - can be a breakthrough instrument to improve the qualit
Methane(CH_(4))as a substitute for other mineral fuels plays a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and preventing environmental *** present study employs a solvothermal method to fabricate a porous framework C...
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Methane(CH_(4))as a substitute for other mineral fuels plays a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and preventing environmental *** present study employs a solvothermal method to fabricate a porous framework Co-metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)containing two distinct secondary building units(SBUs):an anionic[Co_(2)(μ_(2)-OH)(COO)_(4)(H_(2)O)]and a neutral[CoN_(2)(COO)_(2)].Notably,within the anionic SBUs,the coordinated water molecules induce the generation of divergent unsaturated Co(Ⅱ)centers in the unidirectional porous channels,thereby creating open metal *** adsorption performance of Co-MOF towards pure component gases was systematically *** results demonstrated that Co-MOF exhibits superior adsorption capacity for C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons compared to CH_(4),which offers the potential for efficient adsorption and separation of CH_(4) from C_(2)-C_(3) *** gas selectivity separation ratios of Co-MOF for C_(2)H_(6)/CH_(4) and C_(3)H_8/CH_(4) were calculated using the ideal adsorbed solution theory method at 273/298 K and 0.1 *** results revealed that Co-MOF achieved remarkable equilibrium separation selectivity for CH_(4) and C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbon gases among non-modified MOFs,signifying the potential of the synthesized Co-MOF for efficient recovery and purification of CH_(4) from C_(2)-C_(3) *** experiments further demonstrate the ability of Co-MOF to purify methane from C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons in practical gas separation ***,molecular simulation calculations further substantiate the propensity of anionic SBUs to interact with C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbon *** study provides a novel paradigm for the development of porous MOF materials in the application of gas mixture separation.
Levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is used to treat movement disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Long-term use of levodopa causes a serious side effect – levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). As LID d...
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Levodopa, a metabolic precursor of dopamine (DA), is used to treat movement disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Long-term use of levodopa causes a serious side effect – levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). As LID develops, high-frequency γ oscillations (~100 Hz) are recorded in local field potentials (LFP) recorded from the motor cortex (MCx) in rats with experimental PD and in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The mechanisms underlying the occurrence of these oscillations and their relationship with LID are not fully understood. Research into neuron activity in the motor network may provide important information on the mechanisms of development of pathological γ oscillations and LID. Rats with experimental PD were given levodopa for 7 days. LFP and neuron activity were recorded from electrodes implanted in the motor cortex, ventromedial nucleus of the thalamus (Vm), and reticular part of the substantia nigra (SNpr). Dyskinesia was assessed using the standard Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Levodopa significantly reduced the power of β oscillations (30–36 Hz) in all three parts of the motor neural network associated with bradykinesia in PD and induced the appearance of coherent oscillations in the γ range of LFP in the Vm and MCx. Coherence increased by day 7 levodopa administration. This activity was closely associated with the development of dyskinesia. In LID, increases in the frequency of neuron activity in the Vm and MCx were accompanied by increases in its synchronization with cortical γ oscillations in the Vm (68%) and MCx (25%). In contrast to the Vm and MCx, the SNpr did not show oscillatory activity in the γ range during LID and its neuron activity was not synchronized with LFP in the Vm and MCx. It is significant that during LID, spike activity frequency in the SNpr decreased significantly in most recordings (76%) and was approximately three times lower than in baseline conditions (before administration of levodopa). Administration of the antidyski
Nucleosomes play a vital role in chromatin organization and gene regulation,acting as key hubs that inter-act with various chromatin-associated factors through diverse binding *** research has highlighted the prevalen...
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Nucleosomes play a vital role in chromatin organization and gene regulation,acting as key hubs that inter-act with various chromatin-associated factors through diverse binding *** research has highlighted the prevalence of mutations in linker histones across different types of cancer,emphasizing their critical involvement in cancer *** cancer-associated mutations in linker histones have been shown to disrupt nucleosome stacking and the formation of higher-order chromatin structures,which in turn significantly affect epigenetic regulatory *** this review,we provide a comprehensive analysis of how cancer-associated linker histone mutations alter their physicochemical properties,influencing their binding to nucleosomes,and overall chromatin ***,we explore the significant impact of mutations near post-translational modification sites,which further modulate chromatin dynamics and regulatory functions,offering insights into their role in oncogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
Despite of extensive advancements made in research of assisted reproductive technology, many patients still suffer from infertility with unfavorable uterine environment for embryo implantation. The main cause of infer...
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Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent type of dementia today,discovered and described by Alois Alzheimer in *** to the World Alzheimer Report 2021,75%of people with dementia worldwide are undiagnosed,equivalen...
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Alzheimer's disease is the most prevalent type of dementia today,discovered and described by Alois Alzheimer in *** to the World Alzheimer Report 2021,75%of people with dementia worldwide are undiagnosed,equivalent to 41 million people(Gauthier et al.,2021).With each passing year,the number of people affected by these diseases is increasing,and the estimates of suffering from them in the future are growing.
The fabrication of 3D bioconstructs using bioprinters will advance the field of regenerative medicine owing to its ability to facilitate clinical treatments. Additional stimulations have been applied to the bioconstru...
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