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2024 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe Conference, ISGT EUROPE 2024

作者： Lotze, Jonas Dorn, Marvin Hagenmeyer, Veit TransnetBW GmbH Stuttgart Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789531842976

The future of power systems belongs to renewables. And to integrate them, the expansion of the electricity grids is undoubtedly necessary. Furthermore, power systems cannot operate without reserves and flexibilities. For these to be efficient, system-serving, and economical, holistic concepts are needed. This paper describes the grid booster concept and presents the major barriers to a large-scale implementation in electric power systems. A proposal for enhancing economic viability and multi-applicability is presented through the discussion of a hybrid grid booster concept. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Power grids

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Method for Automated Parametric Studies and Evaluation Using the Example of an Aerosol-on-Demand Jet-Printhead 14

Method for Automated Parametric Studies and Evaluation Using...

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19th International Conference on Software Technologies, ICSOFT 2024

作者： Pfannenstiel, Hanna Ungerer, Martin Sieber, Ingo Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics KIT Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587061

In this paper, we present a method for the automated determination of aerosol jet parameters for the Aerosol-on-Demand (AoD) jet-printhead. A critical aspect in the simulation of our computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is the simulation time due to the high model complexity in combination with a large number of individual elements. This, together with the problem of determining the focal point through measurements on our laboratory setup, leads to our approach of model reduction as the basis for an automated determination of the aerosol jet parameters, which is shown using the example of determining the focal position and focal width. Starting from a fluid dynamic model, we create a reduced model by separating the variables, with which we can predict aerosol jet parameters. The method presented here is validated by CFD simulations of an aerosol spray with a mass of individual droplets are varied according to a Rosin-Rammler distribution. © 2024 by SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Computational fluid dynamics

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Uncertainty-aware particle segmentation for electron microscopy at varied length scales

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npj Computational Materials 2024年第1期10卷 1961-1969页

作者： Luca Rettenberger Nathan J.Szymanski Yan Zeng Jan Schuetzke Shilong Wang Gerbrand Ceder Markus Reischl Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics(IAI) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)KarlsruheGermany Department of Materials Science&Engineering UC Berkeley BerkeleyCA 94720USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Electron microscopy is indispensable for examining the morphology and composition of solid materials at the sub-micron *** study the powder samples that are widely used in materials development,scanning electron microscopes(SEMs)are increasingly used at the laboratory scale to generate large datasets with hundreds of *** these images to identify distinct particles and determine their morphology requires careful analysis,and automating this process remains *** this work,we enhance the Mask R-CNN architecture to develop a method for automated segmentation of particles in SEM *** address several challenges inherent to measurements,such as image blur and particle ***,our method accounts for prediction uncertainty when such issues prevent accurate segmentation of a *** that disparate length scales are often present in large datasets,we use this framework to create two models that are separately trained to handle images obtained at low or high *** testing these models on a variety of inorganic samples,our approach to particle segmentation surpasses an established automated segmentation method and yields comparable results to the predictions of three domain experts,revealing comparable accuracy while requiring a fraction of the *** findings highlight the potential of deep learning in advancing autonomous workflows for materials characterization.

关键词： particle scales hundreds

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Multiobjective Optimization of Energy Pulsation and Power Dissipation in Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) 65

Multiobjective Optimization of Energy Pulsation and Power Di...

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65th IEEE Annual International Scientific Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering of Riga Technical University, RTUCON 2024

作者： Kappenstein, Simon T. Hagenmeyer, Veit Groll, Lutz Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350365771

This paper introduces a multiobjective optimization strategy for minimizing both energy pulsation and power dissipation in modular multilevel converters (MMCs). The occurrence of energy pulsation and power dissipation in MMCs has the negative potential to lead to a reduction in efficiency, to an increase in thermal stress, and to reliability issues. A Pareto front analysis shows that simultaneous improvement of both objectives is not possible. Analytical function optimization provides an exact solution for the case where only energy dissipation is considered. By optimizing the tradeoffs between minimizing energy pulsation and reducing power losses, this work offers a comprehensive solution to enhance the performance of MMCs. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Power converters

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An open-source software for the simulation of fixational eye movements

An open-source software for the simulation of fixational eye...

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作者： Allgeier, Stephan Anzlinger, Fabian Bohn, Sebastian Mikut, Ralf Neumann, Oliver Reichert, Klaus-Martin Stachs, Oliver Sperlich, Karsten Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Germany Rostock University Medical Center Department of Ophthalmology Rostock Germany

Laser-scanning confocal microscopy of the human cornea acquires in vivo images of corneal tissues with cellular resolution, which offers diagnostic potential for a variety of diseases. However, involuntary fixational eye movements induce motion artefacts that pose a challenge for accurate morphometric analysis and particularly for preceding image data fusion steps. Different image registration algorithms promise to eliminate such artefacts, but objective, quantitative evaluation of the registration results is difficult because of the lack of ground truth data. Simulation approaches offer a possibility to close this gap. Existing open-source software for the simulation of fixational eye movements is currently limited to creating drift movement. The present contribution proposes complementary models for microsaccade and tremor components to provide complete simulated fixational eye movement paths. In addition, it reports results from an extensive examination of different model parameter combinations. It is shown that the microsaccade model is capable of reproducing intermicrosaccade intervals that closely resemble experimental data. A software implementation is provided as open-source Python modules. © 2024 The Author(s), published by De Gruyter.

关键词： Image fusion

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Some Robust Variants of the Principal Components Analysis 25th

Some Robust Variants of the Principal Components Analysis

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25th International Conference on Data Analytics and Management in Data Intensive Domains, DAMDID/RCDL 2023

作者： Shibzukhov, Zaur M. Institute Mathematics and Informatics of Moscow Pedagogical State Univercity Moscow Russia Institute Applied Mathematics and Automation KBSC RAS Nalchik Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9783031678257

One new robust variant of the formulation of the problem of searching for the principal components are considered. It’s based on the application of differentiable estimates of the average value, insensitive to outliers. In principle, this approach makes it possible to overcome the influence of outliers in the task of searching for the principal components. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is clearly demonstrated on real data. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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A Lightweight Framework for Semantic Segmentation of Biomedical Images

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2023年第1期9卷 190-193页

作者： Rieken Munke, Friedrich Rettenberger, Luca Reischl, Markus Popova, Anna Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems-Functional and Molecular Systems Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

We introduce a lightweight framework for semantic segmentation that utilizes structured classifiers as an alternative to deep learning methods. Biomedical data is known for being scarce and difficult to label. However, this framework provides a lightweight, easy-to-apply, and fast-to-train approach that can be adapted to changes in image material though efficient retraining. Moreover, the framework is able to adapt to various input sizes making it robust against changes in resolution and is not tied to specialized hardware, which allows efficient application on standard laptops or desktops without GPUs. We benchmark two distinct models, a single structured classifier and an ensemble of structured classifiers, against a U-Net, evaluating overall performance and training speed. The framework is versatile and can be applied to multi-class semantic segmentation. Our study shows that the proposed framework can effectively compete with established deep learning methods on diverse datasets in terms of performance while reducing training time immensely. © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Comparative Study on Smart Grid Security Testbeds Using MITRE ATT&CK Matrix 14

Comparative Study on Smart Grid Security Testbeds Using MITR...

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14th IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids, SmartGridComm 2023

作者： Mumrez, Aneeqa Roomi, Muhammad M. Tan, Heng Chuan Mashima, Daisuke Elbez, Ghada Hagenmeyer, Veit Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Kastel Security Research Labs Germany Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781665455541

The increasing use of information and communication technologies has led to increasing threats on critical infrastructure like smart grids. Owing to confidentiality issues and difficulties in experimenting cyberattacks on a real environment, testbeds reflecting the characteristics of smart grids have been developed to enable attack experiments and cybersecurity research. In fact, different implementations of smart grid testbeds exist, each with its own challenges and limitations. The comparative study we present here justifies the usability of each type of testbed for different experiments. We begin our study with a selection of state-of-the-art smart grid testbeds, which can be classified into physical, hybrid, and virtual. We then present an evaluation based upon several qualitative metrics and MITRE ATT&CK matrix to demonstrate the coverage of all tactics and techniques to guide about the selection of testbed according to security needs. Finally, we explain applicable tactics and techniques for one of the testbeds through an attack case study to highlight current cybersecurity challenges faced by smart grids. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Testbeds

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Design of Large-Scale Hybrid, Hydrogen and Battery, and Energy Storage Systems for Grid Applications

IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy

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IEEE Open Access Journal of Power and Energy 2025年 12卷 341-352页

作者： Marvin Dorn Jonas Lotze Uwe Kuehnapfel André Weber Veit Hagenmeyer Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics TransnetBW GmbH Stuttgart Germany Institute for Applied Computer Science Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

Due to the energy transition, which involves phasing out base load power plants such as coal, there is a need to establish storage systems within the energy system to compensate for fluctuations of renewable energies. Batteries are suitable for day-night cycles and particularly for short-cycle applications. To address the problem of dark-doldrums, when neither wind nor solar energy is available, gas and, in the more distant future, hydrogen power plants are to be used. By combining batteries and hydrogen power plants in a hybrid energy storage system, further advantages and application possibilities arise regarding grid stability and system design. This work illustrates interrelationships between the subsystems, optimizes proportions, and demonstrates logical system sizes, technologies, and their costs. A central part of the work are the self-derived methods for system design and the justification of these. Storage pressure, running times, availability time, annual cycles and design of the subsystems are described. Systems of this scale are difficult to imagine. A program developed as part of this work to implement the methods, visualizes the system, displays the system parameters, and shows the best-case and worst-case capital expenditures. An optimized system design is presented. Different combinations in the system design show the effects on capital expenditures. Starting from 2 to 4 hours of availability time, the hybrid system becomes cheaper than a pure battery system in terms of capital expenditures.

关键词： Costs Hydrogen Batteries System analysis and design Power generation Hydrogen storage Optimization High-voltage techniques Renewable energy sources Photovoltaic systems

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Industry 4.0-compliant Asset Administration Shell Service Collector using Single-Board Computers

Industry 4.0-compliant Asset Administration Shell Service Co...

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2023 Low-Cost Digital Solutions for Industrial automation, LoDiSA 2023

作者： Bär, Martín Alejandro Colombo, Armando Walter Institute for Industrial Informatics Automation and Robotics University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer Emden Germany

Industry 4.0-compliant digitalization is intensively penetrating the industrial Eco-system, bringing its benefits by generating or improving new complementary functionalities and associated business, providing a feasible way to interconnect stakeholders within the value chain and supply-chain, as well as along the product and system's Life-Cycle, which can share digitalized data and information in form of Added-value Services. To facilitate perform those businesses, Industry 4.0-compliant service-oriented infrastructures are required. Functionalities and associated data and information can be provided/exposed and/or consumed as services by systems of Cyber-physical things. In the language of Industry 4.0, those physical things are identified as"Assets". Each physical"Asset" has associated a Cyber-part, the so called Asset Administration Shell (AAS), which contains a set of digitalized Data/Information/Function-Models, i.e., Digital Twins, and responsible for supporting an Industry 4.0-compliant communication/networking of the digitalized Asset. The AAS is fully responsible for the provision, exposition, consumption, composition, orchestration of services. The broad adoption of the AAS in a digitalized industrial environment is mainly depending on the costs of the digitalization-migration-process, which needs to respond to a set of functional and technical requirements. Among others, requirements for using Low-Cost technologies supporting the implementation of AAS with low energy consumption, efficiency and flexibility, should essentially be fulfilled. In this scenario, the authors present a service-collector of AAS that is implemented in commercial low-cost technology and deployed in a common Industry 4.0-compliant network, using REST-API and and OPC UA based infrastructure. The paper describes also the corresponding algorithm to perform the service-collection, based on the Python programming language, which is finally deployed and executed by a Single-Board Compute

关键词： Life cycle

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