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Highly-efficient(>70%)and Wide-spectral(400-1700 nm)sub-micron-thick InGaAs photodiodes for future high-resolution image sensors

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第12期13卷 3224-3235页

作者： Dae-Myeong Geum Jinha Lim Junho Jang Seungyeop Ahn SeongKwang Kim Joonsup Shim Bong Ho Kim Juhyuk Park Woo Jin Baek Jaeyong Jeong SangHyeon Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

This paper demonstrates the novel approach of sub-micron-thick InGaAs broadband photodetectors(PDs)designed for high-resolution imaging from the visible to short-wavelength infrared(SWIR)*** approaches encounter challenges such as low resolution and crosstalk issues caused by a thick absorption layer(AL).Therefore,we propose a guided-mode resonance(GMR)structure to enhance the quantum efficiency(QE)of the InGaAs PDs in the SWIR region with only sub-micron-thick *** TiOx/Au-based GMR structure compensates for the reduced AL thickness,achieving a remarkably high QE(>70%)from 400 to 1700 nm with only a 0.98μm AL InGaAs PD(defined as 1μm AL PD).This represents a reduction in thickness by at least 2.5 times compared to previous results while maintaining a high ***,the rapid transit time is highly expected to result in decreased electrical *** effectiveness of the GMR structure is evident in its ability to sustain QE even with a reduced AL thickness,simultaneously enhancing the transit *** breakthrough offers a viable solution for high-resolution and low-noise broadband image sensors.

关键词： thick resolution image

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Breast Cancer Classification Using Graph Convolutional Networks and DenseNet121 with Pruning

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science) 2025年 1-18页

作者： Kavitha, S.J. Sridevi, S. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies Tamil Nadu Chennai600117 India

Breast cancer remains a significant global health burden, particularly among women, necessitating accurate and accessible diagnostic systems for early detection and intervention. Despite advancements in medical technology, challenges persist such as high dimensionality, variability, and complexity. Hence, this study introduces a novel approach that amalgamates DenseNe5t121 architecture within graph convolutional networks (GCNs) for breast cancer classification. The proposed method combines the strengths of a pre-trained DenseNet121 model, pruning techniques, and GCN with a cross-space filter (CSF). DenseNet121 is employed for feature extraction, while pruning enhances efficiency and prevents overfitting. GCNs capture structural and semantic information from the data and the CSF aids in regularization. Furthermore, the incorporation of the CSF enhances model performance by effectively integrating information from both graph topology and node attributes. The proposed approach was trained and evaluated using the BreakHis dataset, a widely recognized resource for breast cancer classification through histopathological images. By leveraging several performance measures consisting of precision, recall, F1-score, AUC, MCC, and accuracy, the proposed approach was compared against existing models to assess its effectiveness. The results indicate that the proposed method, particularly when combined with the CSF, outperforms existing approaches, demonstrating its potential as an advanced tool for accurate and interpretable breast cancer diagnosis. (Figure presented.) © Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2025.

关键词： Diseases

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Improving agility in projects using machine learning algorithm

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第38期83卷 85987-86005页

作者： Varun, Janani Karthika, R.A. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Chennai India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Chennai India

All the software products developed will need testing to ensure the quality and accuracy of the product. It makes the life of testers much easier when they can optimize on the effort spent and predict defects for the upcoming modules in the Agile era. The functionality being discussed in this paper is to predict the defects using Random Forest Algorithm. Predictive analytics draws on information from the past to create forecasts about the outcomes of future events. Product team always have the difficulty in delivering the product as per schedule. As we are in the agile era, the requirement keeps changing and team is unsure on upcoming releases. Prediction helps the team to focus on the complex and error prone modules in upcoming releases. The Predictive analytics model designed, can predict defects with an accuracy rate of 88% with the help of historical data. By predicting, testers can focus on the module where there are a greater number of defects predicted by the model and left shift the delivery. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Predictive analytics

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Mixing detection on Bitcoin transactions using statistical patterns

IET Blockchain

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IET Blockchain 2023年第3期3卷 136-148页

作者： Shojaeinasab, Ardeshir Motamed, Amir Pasha Bahrak, Behnam School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria Canada Tehran Institute of Advanced Studies Tehran Iran

Cryptocurrencies, particularly Bitcoin, have garnered attention for their potential in anonymous transactions. However, their anonymity has often been compromised by deanonymization attacks. To counter this, mixing services have been introduced. While they enhance privacy, they obscure fund traceability. This study seeks to demystify transactions linked to these services, shedding light on pathways of concealed and laundered money. We propose a method to identify and classify transactions and addresses of major mixing services in Bitcoin. Unlike previous research focusing on older techniques like CoinJoin, we emphasize modern mixing services. We gathered labelled data by transacting with three prominent mixers (MixTum, Blemder, and CryptoMixer) and identified recurring patterns. Using these patterns, an algorithm was created to pinpoint mixing transactions and distinguish mixer-related addresses. The algorithm achieved a remarkable recall rate of 100%. Given the lack of clear ground truth and the vast number of unlabelled transactions, ensuring accuracy was a challenge. However, by analyzing a set of non-mixing transactions with our model, it was confirmed that the high recall rate was not misleading. This work provides a significant advancement in monitoring mixing transactions, presenting a valuable tool against fraud and money laundering in cryptocurrency networks. © 2023 The Authors. IET Blockchain published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Institution of engineering and Technology.

关键词： Blockchain

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Beamforming and Reflection Design for Short Packet ISAC With Non-Ideal RIS: An A3C-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8379-8384页

作者： Mahmoudi, Behrad Khonsari, Ahmad Zeinali, Farshad Mili, Mohammad Robat Mashhadi, Mahdi Boloursaz Xiao, Pei University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran School of Computer Science in the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran United Kingdom Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions Tehran Iran

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution to mitigate the increasing congestion of the wireless spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the short packet communication regime within an ISAC system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to meet the low latency ultra-reliable requirements in the next-generation wireless networks. We consider a non-ideal RIS model that captures effects of the phase-dependent amplitude variations in the reflection coefficients, and we have incorporated the near-field model into the channels between the RIS and the users or targets. In this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming and the RIS phase shifts to maximize the sum rate while satisfying the sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. The system simultaneously carries out multitarget sensing and multi-user short packet communications with the help of the RIS. Considering the non-convex and dynamic nature of the resulting optimization problem, we propose an asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) based method for beamforming and reflection design in this setup. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over the benchmarks. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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BPFGuard: Multi-Granularity Container Runtime Mandatory Access Control

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IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing 2025年第2期13卷 629-640页

作者： Lu, Hui Du, Xiaojiang Hu, Dawei Su, Shen Tian, Zhihong Guangzhou University Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology Guangzhou511370 China Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HobokenNJ07030 United States

The adoption of container-based cloud computing services has been prevalent, especially with the introduction of Kubernetes, which enables the automated deployment, scaling, and administration of applications in containers, hence boosting the popularity of containers. As a result, researchers have placed greater emphasis on container runtime security, notably investigating the efficacy of traditional techniques such as Capabilities, Seccomp, and Linux security modules in guaranteeing container security. However, due to the limitations imposed by the container environment, the results have been unsatisfactory. In addition, eBPF-based solutions face the problem of being unable to quickly load policies and affect real-time operations when faced with newer kernel vulnerabilities. This paper investigates the limitations of existing container security mechanisms. Additionally, it examines the specific constraints of these mechanisms in Kubernetes environments. The paper classifies container monitoring and obligatory access control into three distinct categories: system call access control, LSM hook access control, and kernel function access control. Therefore, we propose a technique for regulating container access with a variety of granularity levels. This technique is executed using eBPF and is tightly integrated with Kubernetes to collect relevant meta-information. In addition, we suggest implementing a consolidated routing method and employing function tail call chaining to overcome the limitation of eBPF in enforcing mandatory access control for containers. Lastly, we conducted a series of experiment to verify the effectiveness of the system's security using CVE-2022-0492 and to benchmark the system that had BPFGuard enabled. The results indicate that the average performance loss increased merely by 2.16%, demonstrating that there are no adverse effects on the container services. This suggests that greater security can be achieved at a minimal cost. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Real time control

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Room-temperature waveguide-integrated photodetector using bolometric effect for mid-infrared spectroscopy applications

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光：科学与应用（英文版） 2025年第5期14卷 1300-1311页

作者： Joonsup Shim Jinha Lim Inki Kim Jaeyong Jeong Bong Ho Kim Seong Kwang Kim Dae-Myeong Geum SangHyeon Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)291 Daehak-RoYuseong-GuDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Inha University100Inha-roMichuhol-guIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

Waveguide-integrated mid-infrared(MIR)photodetectors are pivotal components for the development of molecular spectroscopy applications,leveraging mature photonic integrated circuit(PIC)*** various strategies,critical challenges still remain in achieving broadband photoresponse,cooling-free operation,and large-scale complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)-compatible *** leap beyond these limitations,the bolometric effect-a thermal detection mechanism-is introduced into the waveguide *** importantly,we pursue a free-carrier absorption(FCA)process in germanium(Ge)to create an efficient light-absorbing medium,providing a pragmatic solution for full coverage of the MIR spectrum without incorporating exotic materials into ***,we present an uncooled waveguide-integrated photodetector based on a Ge-on-insulator(Ge-OI)PIC architecture,which exploits the bolometric effect combined with ***,our device exhibits a broadband responsivity of 28.35％/mW across 4030-4360 nm(and potentially beyond),challenging the state of the art,while achieving a noise-equivalent power of 4.03×10-7W/Hz0.5 at 4180 *** further demonstrate label-free sensing of gaseous carbon dioxide(CO2)using our integrated photodetector and sensing waveguide on a single *** approach to room-temperature waveguide-integrated MIR photodetection,harnessing bolometry with FCA in Ge,not only facilitates the realization of fully integrated lab-on-a-chip systems with wavelength flexibility but also provides a blueprint for MIR PICs with CMOS-foundry-compatibility.

关键词： applications temperature integrated room bolometric effect mid-infrared photodetector spectroscopy using

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Interactive Sign Language Learning System-A Comprehensive Application for Sign Language Alphabet and Word Recognition 4

Interactive Sign Language Learning System-A Comprehensive Ap...

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4th International Conference on Sentiment Analysis and Deep Learning, ICSADL 2025

作者： Chandrasekaran, R. Vijayaraj, S. Balakumaran, M. Arul Stephen, C. Abhijjit, D. Soundarya, M.K. Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies Department of Biomedical Engineering Chennai India Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chennai India Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Chennai India Vels Institute of Science Technology & Advanced Studies Department of Civil Engineering Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331523923

ISBN: (纸本)9798331523923

The Interactive Sign Language Learning System is a ground breaking application designed to provide a comprehensive and interactive learning experience for sign language alphabet and word recognition. Built on advanced technologies, this system aims to bridge the gap between individuals with hearing impairments and non-sign language users, enabling effective communication and inclusion. The application offers a user-friendly interface, where learners can easily navigate through various sign language alphabets and individual words, receiving real-time visual feedback and guidance. With a vast library of sign language gestures and clear video demonstrations, learners can practice their signing skills with confidence and accuracy. The system utilizes computer vision and machine learning algorithms to recognize and interpret users' sign language gestures, providing immediate feedback to ensure proper hand movements and positioning. Additionally, the system offers interactive exercises and quizzes, allowing learners to test their knowledge and track their progress over time. The application also incorporates gaming elements, making the learning process engaging and enjoyable. Whether used by individuals wanting to learn sign language or organizations looking to enhance accessibility, this comprehensive learning system is an invaluable tool that empowers users to communicate effectively and inclusively with the deaf community. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Coupon-based Demand Response for Consumers Facing Flat-rate Retail Pricing

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第5期10卷 1887-1900页

作者： Hongxun Hui Yi Ding Kaining Luan Tao Chen Yonghua Song Saifur Rahman State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MacaoMacao 999078China. College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. LTD.Nanjing 210000China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China Advanced Research Institute and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityVA 22203USA

Even though smart meters have been widely used in power systems around the world,many consumers are still finding it hard to participate in demand response(DR)due to flat-rate retail pricing *** address this issue,this paper proposes a coupon-based demand response(CDR)scheme to achieve equivalent dynamic retail prices to inspire consumers’inherent ***,a security-constrained unit commitment optimization model is developed in the day-ahead market to obtain coupon rewards,which are then broadcast to consumers to motivate them to reschedule their power consumption *** evaluate the adjustment value of consumers’power consumption,a collective utility function is proposed to formulate the relationship between power quantity and coupon *** this basis,the security-constrained economic dispatch model is developed in the intra-day market to reschedule generating units’output power according to real-time load demands and fluctuating renewable *** the operation interval,a settlement method is developed to quantify consumers’electricity fees and coupon benefits on a monthly *** proposed CDR scheme avoids real-time iterative bidding process and effectively decreases the difficulty of massive,small consumers participating in *** proposed CDR is implemented in a realistic DR project in China to verify consumers’energy cost and renewables’curtailment can both be decreased.

关键词： Coupons demand response flat-rate retail pricing renewable energies small consumers

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Performance investigation on novel MPPT controller in solar photovoltaic system

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 3517-3522页

作者： Bhukya, Ramu Shanmugasundaram, N. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering VELS Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies Pallavaram Chennai600 117 India

This paper investigates the performance of solar PV system by implementing MPPT algorithm. The IV and PV characteristics of solar photovoltaic system have been analyzed for various parameters of temperature and irradiation. From the characteristics, the peak power variations with respect to physical parameters have been identified using algorithmic approach. To validate the MPPT operation, the P&O algorithm has been implemented and verified the operation under varying environmental conditions. And also, the same has been compared with theoretical approach in this paper. © 2021

关键词： Solar concentrators

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