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Smart Agricultural Technology 2025年 12卷

作者： Astha Anand Jian Shen Armin Bernd Cremers Marc Jacobs Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing SCAI Schloss Birlinghoven 1 Sankt Augustin 53757 North Rhine-Westphalia Germany RPU Rhenish Plant Power & Envirotech Co. Ltd Germany Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology Friedrich-Hirzebruch-Allee 5 Bonn 53115 North Rhine-Westphalia Germany

As sustainable agricultural practices gain importance, the need for intelligent pest control decision-making has grown. This paper introduces SEEDS: Similarity-based Expert Embedding Decision System, a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) based agricultural question-answering (QA) system. It is built upon a domain-specific knowledge graph (KG), representing Cedar Apple Rust disease, its host and causative agents, plant defense molecules against apple rust infection, and various pesticides. Utilizing the OpenAI embedding model, the system generates embeddings for user queries and KG data, employing similarity metrics to rank KG entries, facilitating accurate and relevant pest control recommendations. SEEDS is a promising niche AI tool in plant protection, setting the stage for scalable, extensible QA frameworks in precision agriculture. The results signify not only a step forward in agricultural expert systems but also highlight the potential for expanding this approach to other crops and pests, marking a substantial advancement in the use of AI for agricultural pest control.

关键词： Embeddings Retrieval-augmented generation Knowledge graph Apple rust Large language model Generative artificial intelligence Agricultural pest control

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High-order semi-Lagrangian kinetic scheme for compressible turbulence

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Physical Review E 2021年第2期104卷 025301-025301页

作者： Dominik Wilde Andreas Krämer Dirk Reith Holger Foysi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Siegen Paul-Bonatz-Straße 9-11 57076 Siegen-Weidenau Germany Institute of Technology Resource and Energy-efficient Engineering (TREE) Bonn-Rhein-Sieg University of Applied Sciences Grantham-Allee 20 53757 Sankt Augustin Germany Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 6 14195 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing (SCAI) Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany

Turbulent compressible flows are traditionally simulated using explicit time integrators applied to discretized versions of the Navier-Stokes equations. However, the associated Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy condition severely restricts the maximum time-step size. Exploiting the Lagrangian nature of the Boltzmann equation's material derivative, we now introduce a feasible three-dimensional semi-Lagrangian lattice Boltzmann method (SLLBM), which circumvents this restriction. While many lattice Boltzmann methods for compressible flows were restricted to two dimensions due to the enormous number of discrete velocities in three dimensions, the SLLBM uses only 45 discrete velocities. Based on compressible Taylor-Green vortex simulations we show that the new method accurately captures shocks or shocklets as well as turbulence in 3D without utilizing additional filtering or stabilizing techniques other than the filtering introduced by the interpolation, even when the time-step sizes are up to two orders of magnitude larger compared to simulations in the literature. Our new method therefore enables researchers to study compressible turbulent flows by a fully explicit scheme, whose range of admissible time-step sizes is dictated by physics rather than spatial discretization.

关键词： Compressible flows Kinetic theory Turbulence Lattice-Boltzmann methods Navier-Stokes equation

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Knowledge Extraction and Applications utilizing Context Data in Knowledge Graphs

Knowledge Extraction and Applications utilizing Context Data...

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Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems (FedCSIS)

作者： Jens Dörpinghaus Andreas Stefan Schloss Birlinghoven Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Sankt Augustin Germany

Context is widely considered for NLP and knowledge discovery since it highly influences the exact meaning of natural language. The scientific challenge is not only to extract such context data, but also to store this data for further NLP approaches. Here, we propose a multiple step knowledge graphbased approach to utilize context data for NLP and knowledge expression and extraction. We introduce the graph-theoretic foundation for a general context concept within semantic networks and show a proof-of-concept-based on biomedical literature and text mining. We discuss the impact of this novel approach on text analysis, various forms of text recognition and knowledge extraction and retrieval.

关键词： Text mining Ontologies Databases Semantics Diseases Knowledge discovery

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RDM-stars and related topics

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Nikitin, Igor Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin53757 Germany

In this paper, we will continue to study the model of black holes coupled to the radial flows of dark matter (RDM-stars). According to recent studies, this model well describes the experimental Rotation Curves (RCs) of spiral galaxies, also, RDM-stars can produce signals with the characteristics of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). In this paper, we will perform a combined analysis of experimental data on RCs and FRBs, which will allow to constrain tighter parameters of the model. We will also show that within the framework of the model, the Tully-Fisher relation with a slope of β = 3 − 4 can be obtained. Further, several particular solutions will be considered: tachyonic oven – a solution in which the incoming flow of tachyons turns into an outgoing flow of massive particles;shell condensate – a naked singularity of negative mass covered by a thin shell of positive mass, so that the Schwarzschild solution of negative mass inside is joined to one of positive mass outside;also, an RDM solution with a cosmological constant will be considered. Further, in the model under consideration, Penrose diagrams will be constructed, which share common features with Schwarzschild solutions of positive and negative mass, whose combination the model is. The mechanism of effective formation of negative masses in the model is discussed, which is activated when the density of the central core exceeds the Planck value, similarly to the previously studied quantum bounce effect. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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SDA: Towards a novel knowledge discovery model for information systems 11

SDA: Towards a novel knowledge discovery model for informati...

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11th IADIS International Conference Information Systems 2018, IS 2018

作者： Jacobs, Marc Hodapp, Sven Dörpinghaus, Jens Fraunhofer Institute for Scientific Computing and Algorithms SCAI Sankt Augustin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789898533746

Here, we present a novel model for knowledge discovery in biomedical sciences which has already been used for analyzing millions of journal articles from PMC and PubMed. We decompose each scientific document into semantic digital assets (SDA) that help to build an efficient workflow to retrieve single statements and hypothesis from huge and heterogeneous collections of large documents instead of complete articles. This new approach is so general applicable, that it will also be useful for information systems in other domains. © 2018 IADIS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge representation

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Quantum gravity wormholes and topological teleporter

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Nikitin, Igor Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin53757 Germany

The question of a possibility of opening a wormhole due to the deformation of the equation of state of the matter caused by quantum gravity effects is considered. As a wormhole environment, the previously considered model of a galaxy with radial flows of dark matter is selected. The calculation shows, that for a wormhole solution in the framework of this model, after the nominal classical density exceeds a critical value in the Planck range, the components of the energy-momentum tensor become negative in a certain order. First, the mass density becomes negative, then the radial pressure, then the tangential pressure. In this case, at some point the flare-out conditions necessary and sufficient to open the wormhole are fulfilled. Calculations are made to open a wormhole in a model with parameters of the Milky Way galaxy. It is shown that the opening of the wormhole is accompanied by a separation of the bubble of space, completely detached from the wormhole and the outer space. In addition to this solution, a topologically dual one is found, looking like an instant swapping of two volumes in space, which can be interpreted as an event of teleportation. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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RDM-stars and galactic rotation curves

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Nikitin, Igor Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Schloss Birlinghoven Sankt Augustin53757 Germany

The recently formulated model of black holes coupled to the radial flows of dark matter (RDM-stars) is considered and the shape of the galactic rotation curves predicted by the model is evaluated. Under the assumption that the density of black holes is proportional to the density of luminous matter, the model perfectly fits the experimental data, both for the universal rotation curve, describing the spiral galaxies of a general form, and for the grand rotation curve, describing the orbital velocities of Milky Way galaxy in a wide range of distances. The modeling of the galactic gravitational field at large distances from the center and out of the galactic plane is also discussed. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stars

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On the convergence of system-AMG in reservoir simulation

On the convergence of system-AMG in reservoir simulation

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作者： Gries, Sebastian Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing Numerical Software Department Germany

System-algebraic multigrid (AMG) provides a flexible framework for linear systems in simulation applications that involve various types of physical unknowns. Reservoir-simulation applications, with their driving elliptic pressure unknown, are principally well-suited to exploit System-AMG as a robust and efficient solver method. However, the coarse grid correction must be physically meaningful to speed up the overall convergence. It has been common practice in constrained-pressure-residual (CPR) -type applications to use an approximate pressure/saturation decoupling to fulfill this requirement. Unfortunately, this can have significant effects on the AMG applicability and, thus, is not performed by the dynamic rowsum (DRS) method. This work shows that the pressure/saturation decoupling is not necessary for ensuring an efficient interplay between the coarse grid correction process and the fine-level problem, demonstrating that a comparable influence of the pressure on the different involved partial- differential equations (PDEs) is much more crucial. As an extreme case with respect to the outlined requirement, linear systems from compositional simulations under the volume-balance formulation will be discussed. In these systems, the pressure typically is associated with a volume balance rather than a diffusion process. It will be shown how System-AMG can still be used in such cases. © 2018 Society of Petroleum Engineers.

关键词： Linear systems

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Graph based discovery in biomedical information systems connecting scientific texts with structured expert knowledge 11

Graph based discovery in biomedical information systems conn...

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11th IADIS International Conference Information Systems 2018, IS 2018

作者： Dörpinghaus, Jens Jacobs, Marc Fluck, Juliane Fraunhofer Institute for Scientific Computing and Algorithms SCAI Sankt Augustin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789898533746

In this poster we describe a novel approach for knowledge discovery in biomedical information systems utilizing the Biological Expression Language (BEL). This language is widely used for network-based approaches in text mining for a better understanding of biological mechanisms. Storing all relevant data of decomposed documents, the ontologies and BEL statements in Semantic Digital Assets (SDA) leads to a knowledge graph capable of answering semantic questions and making more biomedical knowledge available for analyses. © 2018 IADIS. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge management

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Sparse Grids and Applications - Miami 2016 1st ed. 2018

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丛书名： Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering

2018年

作者： Jochen Garcke Dirk Pflüger Clayton G. Webster Guannan Zhang

ISBN: (数字)9783319754260

ISBN: (纸本)9783319754253

Sparse grids are a popular tool for the numerical treatment of high-dimensional problems. Where classical numerical discretization schemes fail in more than three or four dimensions, sparse grids, in their different flavors, are frequently the method of choice. This volume of LNCSE presents selected papers from the proceedings of the fourth workshop on sparse grids and applications, and demonstrates once again the importance of this numerical discretization scheme. The articles present recent advances in the numerical analysis of sparse grids in connection with a range of applications including computational chemistry, computational fluid dynamics, and big data analytics, to name but a few.

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