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6th KES International Conference on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing, KES-SDM 2019

作者： Nau, Katja Scholz, Steffen G. Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789811392702

This paper presents a safe-by-design approach developed for enhanced inks containing nanomaterials for 3D inkjet printing. Manufactured nanomaterials, like aluminium oxides and zirconium dioxide, are increasingly used for additive manufacturing today. However, the impact and interaction of nanomaterials on human health and the environment are widely discussed today. Our approach aims to describe the safe and sustainable use of nanomaterials for 3D inks. We rely on well-characterised non-toxic nanomaterials;their properties are documented in safety data sheets. In order to identify possible exposure to humans and the environment, we investigate the development of inks and their application in the 3D printing process. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： 3D printers

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Internet of things solution for non-invasive vital data acquisition: a step towards smart healthcare system 6th

Internet of things solution for non-invasive vital data acqu...

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6th KES International Conference on Sustainable Design and Manufacturing, KES-SDM 2019

作者： Salem, Mahmoud El-Maddah, Islam Youssef, Khaled Mohamed, Hoda Faculty of Engineering Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Faculty of Navigation Science and Space Technology BSU Beni-Suef Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9789811392702

The advent and subsequent explosive growth of hi-tech medical industry is one of the main features of the modern era. It is driven by the legitimate plea to apply smart healthcare environment for a broad range of working systems, entailing hospitals, schools, workshops, etc. In particular, smart healthcare offers a unique opportunity to optimise the interaction between the human and the medical system (equipment/tools and doctors) for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment measures, which certainly will decrease infections and disease’s transmissions. However, developing a reliable Internet of Things solution, to facilitate a seamless and flawless data transmission among smart assets, is an indispensable task to fully implement. Accordingly, the motivation for this paper is to develop an IoT technique for a non-invasive healthcare system to enable vast collecting and analysis of human vital data via a computer vision technique in order to reduce infections. In particular, concurrent IoT communication was designed for a mesh of three nodes, entailing a sensing node for heartbeat measurement, a vital data visualising node and a broker node. This was developed to guarantee a real-time visualisation of the vital data of the human/patient and it was enriched by an offline visualisation and online cloud visualisation via the broker node. Furthermore, an embedded software architecture was developed that offers a reliable solution to minimise communication latency and provides real-time response to acquired information. Also, the software design is applicable to easily interface with newly added nodes in the future to increase the scale of IoT mesh. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Data acquisition

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Semantic CIM2Matpower: Ontology-Based Network Topology Processor and Converter for CIM Node-Breaker Models

Semantic CIM2Matpower: Ontology-Based Network Topology Proce...

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IEEE International Conference on Smart Energy Grid Engineering (SEGE)

作者： Artem Schumilin Hüseyin Kemal Çakmak Karl-Uwe Stucky Clemens Duepmeier Veit Hagenmeyer Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

Smart electricity grids are key to a successful transition towards a future sustainable energy system. Network topology processing (NTP) is an important and frequently reoccurring task in most power grid analysis and simulation applications' including power flow calculations, short circuit and contingency analysis. NTP is applied to a detailed node-break-er representation of the power grid, as provided by the IEC Common Information Model (CIM). It is performed in order to obtain a reduced bus-branch representation, which serves as input to downstream analysis and simulation applications. The present paper introduces a novel approach to NTP that utilises a semantic knowledge base for network model management and exploits semantic reasoning over the formal CIM ontology and instance data. The proposed system is tested on publicly available ENTSO-E data, validated by converting the generated bus-branch model to Matpower and running power flow calculations in a power grid modelling and simulation framework.

关键词： Semantics Data models Load modeling Unified modeling language Ontologies Switches Power grids

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Relative Gain Array and Singular Value Analysis to Improve the Control in a Biomass Pyrolysis Process

Relative Gain Array and Singular Value Analysis to Improve t...

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International Conference on Control and automation (ICCA)

作者： Julian Hofmann Hans-Christian Holz Lutz Gröll Institute for Automation and applied Informatics Karlruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

The pairing of actuators and controlled variables for process control is non-trivial due to couplings among process quantities and further disturbing effects. Here, we consider the product gas stage in a biomass pyrolysis process. Based on a dynamic model of the latter, several analyses, namely Relative Gain Array (RGA), Dynamic Relative Gain Array (DRGA) and Singular Value Analysis (SVA) are performed to solve the pairing problem. In particular, we emphasize the practical benefit from DRGA's results by showing that challenges, like non-measurable disturbances or time delays, can be mitigated by simple changes in an implemented control concept.

关键词： Valves Mathematical model Actuators Biological system modeling Biomass Frequency-domain analysis Delays

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Online power system parameter estimation and optimal operation

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Du, Xu Engelmann, Alexander Faulwasser, Timm Houska, Boris School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University China Institute of Energy Systems Energy Efficiency and Energy Economics TU Dortmund University Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institue of Technology Germany

The integration of renewables into electrical grids calls for novel control schemes, which usually are model based. Classically, for power systems parameter estimation and optimization-based control are often decoupled, which may lead to increased cost of system operation during the estimation procedures. The present work proposes a method for simultaneously minimizing grid operation cost and estimating line parameters. To this end, we rely on methods from optimal design of experiments. This approach leads to a substantial reduction in cost for optimal estimation and in higher accuracy in the parameters compared with standard combination of optimal power flow and maximum-likelihood estimation. We illustrate the performance of the proposed method on simple benchmark system. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic generators

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WITHDRAWN: Determination of the statistical distribution of drag and lift coefficients of refuse derived fuel by computer vision

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Fuel 2023年 338卷

作者： Robin Streier Siegmar Wirtz Krasimir Aleksandrov Hans-Joachim Gehrmann Dieter Stapf Miao Zhang Markus Vogelbacher J¨org Matthes Viktor Scherer Department of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-University Bochum Universit¨atsstrase 150 44780 Bochum Germany Institute for Technical Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

This article has been withdrawn: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal ( http://***/locate/withdrawalpolicy ). This article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor and publisher. The publisher regrets that an error occurred which led to the premature publication of this paper. This error bears no reflection on the article or its authors. The publisher apologizes to the authors and the readers for this unfortunate error.

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Time Delay in the Swing Equation: A Variety of Bifurcations

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Scholl, T.H. Gröll, L. Hagenmeyer, V. Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany

The present paper addresses the swing equation with additional delayed damping as an example for pendulum-like systems. In this context, it is proved that recurring sub- and supercritical Hopf bifurcations occur if time delay is increased. To this end, a general formula for the first Lyapunov coefficient in second order systems with additional delayed damping and delay-free nonlinearity is given. In so far the paper extends results about stability switching of equilibria in linear time delay systems from Cooke and Grossmann and complements an analysis of Campbell et al., who consider time delay in the restoring force. In addition to the analytical results, periodic solutions are numerically dealt with. The numerical results demonstrate how a variety of qualitative behaviors is generated in the simple swing equation by only introducing time delay in a damping term. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Timing circuits

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Determination of the statistical distribution of drag and lift coefficients of refuse derived fuel by computer vision

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Fuel 2023年 352卷

作者： Robin Streier Siegmar Wirtz Krasimir Aleksandrov Hans-Joachim Gehrmann Dieter Stapf Miao Zhang Markus Vogelbacher Jörg Matthes Viktor Scherer Department of Energy Plant Technology Ruhr-University Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Germany Institute for Technical Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

This research investigates the flight behavior of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) in a drop shaft using Computer Vision to obtain statistical data on the aerodynamic properties of the particles. Methods to determine 3D geometry models of complex-shaped particles by photogrammetry and to obtain time resolved particle positions and velocities are described. Furthermore, an approach to obtain the frequency distribution of drag and lift coefficients from photogrammetric analysis and drop shaft experiments is presented. The image evaluation is based on algorithms of the open-source libraries OpenCV, COLMAP as well as MeshLab and Open3D. The precision of the system is validated employing model particles with known geometry. The 3D particle models overestimate the particle surface area by 4.58 %, the position detection works with a mean deviation of 2.73 %. The average sink rate is calculated with an accuracy of 4.87 % and the drag coefficient with an accuracy of 2.08 %. Finally, the frequency distribution of four RDF fractions, namely, textiles, cardboard, 3D plastic particles and 2D plastic foils are presented.

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ALADIN-—An open-source MATLAB toolbox for distributed non-convex optimization

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Optimal Control Applications and Methods 2021年第1期43卷

作者： Alexander Engelmann Yuning Jiang Henrieke Benner Ruchuan Ou Boris Houska Timm Faulwasser Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Shanghai China

This article introduces an open-source software for distributed and decentralized non-convex optimization named ALADIN- . ALADIN- is a MATLAB implementation of tailored variants of the Augmented Lagrangian Alternating Direction Inexact Newton (ALADIN) algorithm. It is user interface is convenient for rapid prototyping of non-convex distributed optimization algorithms. An improved version of the recently proposed bi-level variant of ALADIN is included enabling decentralized non-convex optimization with reduced information exchange. A collection of examples from different applications fields including chemical engineering, robotics, and power systems underpins the potential of ALADIN- .

关键词： ADMM ALADIN decentralized optimization distributed model predictive control distributed optimization nonconvex optimization optimal power flow

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Towards optimality preserving aggregation for scheduling distributed energy resources

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Appino, Riccardo Remo Hagenmeyer, Veit Faulwasser, Timm Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen76344 Germany

Scheduling the power exchange between a population of heterogeneous distributed energy resources and the corresponding upper-level system is an important control problem in power systems. A key challenge is the large number of (partially uncertain) parameters and decision variables that increase the computational burden and that complicate the structured consideration of uncertainties. Reducing the number of decision variables by means of aggregation can alleviate these issues. However, despite the frequent use of aggregation for storage, few works in the literature provide formal justification. In the present paper, we investigate aggregation of heterogeneous (storage) devices with time-varying power and energy constraints. In particular, we propose mild conditions on the constraints of each device guaranteeing the applicability of an aggregated model in scheduling without any loss of optimality in comparison to the complete problem. We conclude with a discussion of limitations and possible extensions of our findings. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Scheduling

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