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IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES)

作者： Lisa Petani Robert Barth Lorenz Wührl Ingo Sieber Liane Koker Markus Reischl Ulrich Gengenbach Christian Pylatiuk Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

Ozone is used in medicine, water treatment, and chemical processes. Measuring its concentration is essential, especially in medical technology, to enable safe and reliable treatment for the patient. The photometric measurement principle is promising because it can be applied at room temperature and it has a fast response time. Since the application range of commercial photometers for ozone gas is still limited due to the high price of these instruments, here a simplified low-cost photometer set-up is presented. The set-up measures at a wavelength between 275 nm and 286 nm ozone concentrations up to 2.5 vol% (25000 ppm) with a response time of 210 ms and consists of low-cost components. The accuracy of the photometer in comparison to a reference analyser is 2.5%. Hence, the simplified concept outlined in this paper provides a basis for the development of compact and cost-effective photometers for ozone gas measurement.

关键词： Temperature measurement Gases Wavelength measurement Instruments Medical treatment Biomedical measurement Time measurement

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Composing Power Flow Patterns through Coordinated Dispatch of Energy Packets

Composing Power Flow Patterns through Coordinated Dispatch o...

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IEEE Electronic Power Grid (eGrid)

作者： Dominik Schulz Klemens Schneider Marcel Weßbecher Veit Hagenmeyer Martina Zitterbart Marc Hiller Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany Institute of Telematics (TM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany

The increasing share of distributed renewable generation and electrification poses challenges to the existing power grid and its operation. To address these challenges, the concept of an Energy Packet Grid (EP Grid) has been proposed that uses selected internet design principles for power grids. This paper builds upon the EP Grid architecture and explores the shaping of power flows through a coordinated dispatch of energy packets. It introduces parallel energy packet transfers to maintain constant power over specific durations and to improve the approximation of continuous load or supply curves. A scenario manager is integrated into the architecture to coordinate specified sequences of energy packet transfers. Measurements demonstrate two scenarios of possible energy packet sequences.

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The Impact of Local Energy Market Participants’ Decisions on Efficient Energy Usage: Design of a Multi-Agent System

The Impact of Local Energy Market Participants’ Decisions o...

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International Conference on European Electricity Market, EEM

作者： Christina Speck Saskia Bluhm Christof Weinhardt Philipp Zwickel Veit Hagenmeyer Institute of Information Systems and Marketing (IISM) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics (IAI) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

In recent years, many studies have been conducted on local energy markets. While local energy markets are mostly modeled with economically rational participants, many house- holds also consider energy quality, such as energy locality, in their energy choices. Therefore, we propose to include participants’ heterogeneous preferences from energy locality to economic rationality in the design of a multi-agent system to ensure a more efficient use of locally generated energy, which helps to increase the attractiveness of participating in local energy markets. Our results show that our design can fulfill the individual preferences of local energy market participants and prove that energy is used most efficiently with a dominant local preference group.

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Your website has been hijacked: Raising awareness for an invisible problem 11

Your website has been hijacked: Raising awareness for an inv...

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Sicherheit, Schutz und Zuverlassigkeit: Konferenzband der 11. Jahrestagung des Fachbereichs Sicherheit der Gesellschaft fur Informatik e.V. (GI), SICHERHEIT 2022 - Security, Protection and Reliability: Conference of the 11th Annual Meeting of the Security Division of the German informatics Society (GI), SICHERHEIT 2022

作者： Hennig, Anne Karlsruhe Insitute of Technology Institute of Applied Informatics and Formal Description Methods Kaiserstraße 89 Karlsruhe76133 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885797173

Running a business without having a website is nearly impossible nowadays. Content management systems (CMS) provide features which make it easy for laypersons to create sophisticated websites. But those can pose security risks and provide vulnerabilities for manipulations. With vulnerability notifications, website owners are notified about security risks. The work of this doctoral thesis is divided into two main parts: At first it is necessary to identify common themes with respect to vulnerability notifications and provide more information on how to improve future vulnerability notifications. The second main part is to develop and evaluate suitable awareness materials. © 2022 Gesellschaft fur Informatik (GI). All rights reserved.

关键词： security awareness security notification vulnerabilities web security

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Modular Fault Diagnosis Framework for Complex Autonomous Driving Systems 20

Modular Fault Diagnosis Framework for Complex Autonomous Dri...

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20th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computer Communication and Processing Conference, ICCP 2024

作者： Orf, Stefan Ochs, Sven Doll, Jens Schotschneider, Albert Heinrich, Marc Zofka, Marc René Zöllner, J. Marius Fzi Research Center for Information Technology Department of Technical Cognitive Systems Haid-und-Neu-Str. 10-14 Karlsruhe76131 Germany Institute of Applied Informatics and Formal Description Methods Karlsruhe76131 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798331539979

Fault diagnosis is crucial for complex autonomous mobile systems, especially for modern-day autonomous driving (AD). Different actors, numerous use cases, and complex heterogeneous components motivate a fault diagnosis of the system and overall system integrity. AD systems are composed of many heterogeneous components, each with different functionality and possibly using a different algorithm (e.g., rule-based vs. AI components). In addition, these components are subject to the vehicle's driving state and are highly dependent. This paper, therefore, faces this problem by presenting the concept of a modular fault diagnosis framework for AD systems. The concept suggests modular state monitoring and diagnosis elements, together with a state- and dependency-aware aggregation method. Our proposed classification scheme allows for the categorization of the fault diagnosis modules. The concept is implemented on AD shuttle buses and evaluated to demonstrate its capabilities. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fault detection

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Security Fence Inspection at Airports Using Object Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Friederich, Nils Specker, Andreas Beyerer, Jürgen Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics Germany Fraunhofer IOSB Fraunhofer Center for Machine Learning

To ensure the security of airports, it is essential to protect the airside from unauthorized access. For this purpose, security fences are commonly used, but they require regular inspection to detect damages. However, due to the growing shortage of human specialists and the large manual effort, there is the need for automated methods. The aim is to automatically inspect the fence for damage with the help of an autonomous robot. In this work, we explore object detection methods to address the fence inspection task and localize various types of damages. In addition to evaluating four State-of-the-Art (SOTA) object detection models, we analyze the impact of several design criteria, aiming at adapting to the task-specific challenges. This includes contrast adjustment, optimization of hyperparameters, and utilization of modern backbones. The experimental results indicate that our optimized You Only Look Once v5 (YOLOv5) model achieves the highest accuracy of the four methods with an increase of 6.9% points in Average Precision (AP) compared to the baseline. Moreover, we show the real-time capability of the model. The trained models are published on GitHub: https://***/NFriederich/airport fence inspection. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Fences

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On resilience of future decarbonised energy systems in Europe

On resilience of future decarbonised energy systems in Europ...

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8th International Hybrid Power Plants & Systems Workshop (HYB 2024)

作者： Jonas Lotze Massimo Moser Veit Hagenmeyer Department of Strategic Grid Planning TransnetBW GmbH Stuttgart Germany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781837241484

The general scope the present model-based research is to analyse climate-neutral scenarios for Europe and to assess the respective resilience of the energy system. Two scenarios are therefore examined, one with an unrestricted global hydrogen market and the other with improved European energy resilience that limits pipeline imports of hydrogen from non-European countries. Key findings include increasing electrification of the heat and transport sectors, widespread use of Power-to-X appliances and, as a result, a doubling of total electricity consumption in Europe. On the power generation side, there is a need for massive expansion of renewables such as wind and photovoltaics. The analysis shows that a more resilient energy system will require additional electrolysis capacity, hydrogen storage and hydrogen grid capacity. The marginal cost of hydrogen will also increase as a result, and a higher price level will subsequently reduce the demand for hydrogen. The overall conclusion is that a transition from fossil fuels to renewables will, in any case, make the energy system much less dependent on imports and thus more resilient.

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A Fair and In-Depth Evaluation of Existing End-to-End Entity Linking Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bast, Hannah Hertel, Matthias Prange, Natalie University of Freiburg Department of Computer Science Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Germany

Existing evaluations of entity linking systems often say little about how the system is going to perform for a particular application. There are two fundamental reasons for this. One is that many evaluations only use aggregate measures (like precision, recall, and F1 score), without a detailed error analysis or a closer look at the results. The other is that all of the widely used benchmarks have strong biases and artifacts, in particular: a strong focus on named entities, an unclear or missing specification of what else counts as an entity mention, poor handling of ambiguities, and an over- or underrepresentation of certain kinds of entities. We provide a more meaningful and fair in-depth evaluation of a variety of existing end-to-end entity linkers. We characterize their strengths and weaknesses and also report on reproducibility aspects. The detailed results of our evaluation can be inspected under https://***/emnlp2023. Our evaluation is based on several widely used benchmarks, which exhibit the problems mentioned above to various degrees, as well as on two new benchmarks, which address the problems mentioned above. The new benchmarks can be found under https://***/ad-freiburg/fair-entitylinking-benchmarks. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Petroleum reservoir evaluation

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Modification of rotor modal properties based on structural changes in the stiffness of its bearings and shaft 32

Modification of rotor modal properties based on structural c...

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32nd Joint Seminar Development of Materials Science in Research and Education, DMSRE 2023

作者： Bucha, P. Rolník, L. Lovíšková, J. Naď, M. Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava Institute of Applied Informatics Automation and Mechatronics Ulica Jána Bottu 2781/25 Trnava917 24 Slovakia Slovak Academy of Sciences Institute of Informatics Dubravská cesta 9 Bratislava845 07 45 Slovakia

The rotor structures are fundamental mechanical systems that realize the transfer of rotary motion in technical devices and systems. In some operating regimes, the rotor systems are often subjected to undesirable and damaging phenomena resulting in resonant state. The ability to prevent or reduce the level of unwanted rotor vibrations in the given operating mode is an important task in the process of structural design of rotor structures. In general, the dynamic properties of rotor systems depend on their spatial properties - geometric parameters and material properties, i.e. distribution of mass and stiffness properties of rotor structures. For the structural design of the rotor or its structural modification, which will allow the redistribution of its spatial properties (mass and stiffness), two approaches based on changing the bearing stiffness and also on the shaft stiffness are presented in this paper. The main goal for modifying the spatial properties of the rotor is to get the critical rotor speed out of the operating speed range. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Stiffness

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What ODE-Approximation Schemes of Time-Delay Systems Reveal about Lyapunov-Krasovskii Functionals

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Scholl, Tessina H. Hagenmeyer, Veit Gröll, Lutz Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe76021 Germany

The article proposes an approach to complete-type and related Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals that neither requires knowledge of the delay-Lyapunov matrix function nor does it involve linear matrix inequalities. The approach is based on ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that approximate the time-delay system. The ODEs are derived via spectral methods, e.g., the Chebyshev collocation method (also called pseudospectral discretization) or the Legendre tau method. A core insight is that the Lyapunov-Krasovskii theorem resembles a theorem for Lyapunov-Rumyantsev partial stability in ODEs. For the linear approximating ODE, only a Lyapunov equation has to be solved to obtain a partial Lyapunov function. The latter approximates the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Results are validated by applying Clenshaw-Curtis and Gauss quadrature to a semi-analytical result of the functional, yielding a comparable finite-dimensional approximation. In particular, the article provides a formula for a tight quadratic lower bound, which is important in applications. Examples confirm that this new bound is significantly less conservative than known results. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ordinary differential equations

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