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Tensor-network decoders for process tensor descriptions of non-Markovian noise

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kobayashi, Fumiyoshi Manabe, Hidetaka White, Gregory A.L. Farrelly, Terry Modi, Kavan Stace, Thomas M. Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama Osaka Toyonaka560-8531 Japan Center for Quantum Information Quantum Biology Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka University 1-2 Machikaneyama Osaka Toyonaka560-0043 Japan Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Germany ARC Centre of Excellence in Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland Australia School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Australia

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Often in QEC errors are assumed to be independent and identically distributed and can be discretised to a random Pauli error during the execution of a quantum circuit. In real devices, however, the noise profile is much more complex and contains non-trivial spatiotemporal correlations, such as cross-talk, non-Markovianity, and their mixtures. Here, we examine the performance of two paradigmatic QEC codes in the presence of complex noise by using process tensors to represent spatiotemporal correlations beyond iid errors. This integration is an instance of the recently proposed strategic code, which combines QEC with process tensors. In particular, we construct the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder for a quantum error correction code with a process tensor. To understand the computational overhead and implications of this approach, we implement our framework numerically for small code instances and evaluate its performance. We also propose a method to evaluate the performance of strategic codes and construct the ML decoder with an efficient tensor network approximation. Our results highlight the possible detrimental effects of correlated noise and potential pathways for designing decoders that account for such effects. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tensors

Partitioning qubits in hypergraph product codes to implement logical gates

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Quintavalle, Armanda O. Webster, Paul Vasmer, Michael Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Sheffield SheffieldS3 7RH United Kingdom Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin Berlin14195 Germany Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Physics The University of Sydney SydneyNSW2006 Australia Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics WaterlooONN2L 2Y5 Canada Institute for Quantum Computing University of Waterloo WaterlooONN2L 3G1 Canada

The promise of high-rate low-density parity check (LDPC) codes to substantially reduce the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computation depends on constructing efficient, fault-tolerant implementations of logical gates on such codes. Transversal gates are the simplest type of fault-tolerant gate, but the potential of transversal gates on LDPC codes has hitherto been largely neglected. We investigate the transversal gates that can be implemented in hypergraph product codes, a class of LDPC codes. Our analysis is aided by the construction of a symplectic canonical basis for the logical operators of hypergraph product codes, a result that may be of independent interest. We show that in these codes transversal gates can implement Hadamard (up to logical SWAP gates) and control-Z on all logical qubits. Moreover, we show that sequences of transversal operations, interleaved with error-correction, allow implementation of entangling gates between arbitrary pairs of logical qubits in the same code block. We thereby demonstrate that transversal gates can be used as the basis for universal quantum computing on LDPC codes, when supplemented with state injection. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

Exciton-Exciton Interaction beyond the Hydrogenic Picture in a MoSe2 Monolayer in the Strong Light-Matter Coupling Regime

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第16期126卷 167401-167401页

作者： Petr Stepanov Amit Vashisht Martin Klaas Nils Lundt Sefaattin Tongay Mark Blei Sven Höfling Thomas Volz Anna Minguzzi Julien Renard Christian Schneider Maxime Richard Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble INP Institut Néel 38000 Grenoble France Univ. Grenoble Alpes CNRS LPMMC 38000 Grenoble France Technische Physik and Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen Research Center for Complex Material Systems Physikalisches Institut Universität Würzburg Am Hubland D-97074 Würzburg Germany Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Macquarie University NSW 2109 Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems Macquarie University NSW 2109 Australia Institute of Physics University of Oldenburg 26129 Oldenburg Germany

In transition metal dichalcogenides’ layers of atomic-scale thickness, the electron-hole Coulomb interaction potential is strongly influenced by the sharp discontinuity of the dielectric function across the layer plane. This feature results in peculiar nonhydrogenic excitonic states in which exciton-mediated optical nonlinearities are predicted to be enhanced compared to their hydrogenic counterparts. To demonstrate this enhancement, we perform optical transmission spectroscopy of a MoSe2 monolayer placed in the strong coupling regime with the mode of an optical microcavity and analyze the results quantitatively with a nonlinear input-output theory. We find an enhancement of both the exciton-exciton interaction and of the excitonic fermionic saturation with respect to realistic values expected in the hydrogenic picture. Such results demonstrate that unconventional excitons in MoSe2 are highly favorable for the implementation of large exciton-mediated optical nonlinearities, potentially working up to room temperature.

关键词： Exciton polariton Excitons Third order nonlinear optical processes Transition metal dichalcogenides

Compositional models for the Internet of Everything

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Compositional models for the Internet of Everything

2018 AAAI Spring Symposium

作者： Breiner, Spencer Sriram, Ram D. Subrahmanian, Eswaran National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Lab GaithersburgMD20899 United States Carnegie Mellon University Institute for Complex Engineered Systems PittsburghPA15213 United States

In this note we identify four fundamental characteristics of the IoE which are vexing to handle in practice: heterogeneity, composition, perspective and joint cognition. We discuss the way that each of these introduces a new dimension of complexity for the application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the IoE. Finally, we introduce some mathematical methods from category theory which we believe can help to address these obstacles. © 2018 AI Access Foundation. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of Everything

Doppler and sympathetic cooling for the investigation of short-lived radioactive ions

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Physical Review Research 2022年第3期4卷 033229-033229页

作者： S. Sels F. M. Maier M. Au P. Fischer C. Kanitz V. Lagaki S. Lechner E. Leistenschneider D. Leimbach E. M. Lykiardopoulou A. A. Kwiatkowski T. Manovitz Y. N. Vila Gracia G. Neyens P. Plattner S. Rothe L. Schweikhard M. Vilen R. N. Wolf S. Malbrunot-Ettenauer CERN CH-1211 Geneve 23 Switzerland Instituut voor kern- en stralingsfysica KU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200D Leuven Belgium Institut für Physik Universität Greifswald 17487 Greifswald Germany Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Department Chemie Standort TRIGA Fritz-Strassmann-Weg 2 55128 Mainz Germany Technische Universität Wien Karlsplatz 13 1040 Wien Austria Department of Physics University of Gothenburg SE-412 96 Gothenburg Sweden Institut für Physik Johannes Gutenberg-Universität 55099 Mainz Germany TRIUMF 4004 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 2A3 Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics of Complex Systems Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel Universität Innsbruck Innrain 52 6020 Innsbruck Austria ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems The University of Sydney New South Wales 2006 Australia

At radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities, ions of short-lived radionuclides are cooled and bunched in buffer-gas-filled Paul traps to improve the ion-beam quality for subsequent experiments. To deliver even colder ions, beneficial to RIB experiments' sensitivity or accuracy, we employ Doppler and sympathetic cooling in a Paul trap cooler-buncher. The improved emittance of Mg+, K+, and O2+ ion beams is demonstrated by a reduced time-of-flight spread of the extracted ion bunches with respect to room-temperature buffer-gas cooling. Cooling externally-produced hot ions with energies of at least 7 eV down to a few Kelvin is achieved in a timescale of O(100 ms) by combining a low-pressure helium background gas with laser cooling. This is sufficiently short to cool short-lived radioactive ions. As an example of this technique's use for RIB research, the mass-resolving power in a multireflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer is shown to increase by up to a factor of 4.6 with respect to buffer-gas cooling. Simulations show good agreement with the experimental results and guide further improvements and applications. These results open a path to a significant emittance improvement and, thus, unprecedented ion-beam qualities at RIB facilities, achievable with standard equipment readily available. The same method provides opportunities for future high-precision experiments with radioactive cold trapped ions.

关键词： Binding energy & masses Cooling & trapping Fine & hyperfine structure Lasers Nuclear charge distribution Rare & new isotopes

Dynamics of multiple atoms in one-dimensional fields

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Physical Review A 2019年第1期99卷 013845-013845页

作者： Carlo Cascio Jad C. Halimeh Ian P. McCulloch Alessio Recati Inés de Vega Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Theresienstrasse 37 80333 Munich Germany Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems 01187 Dresden Germany Physik Department Technische Universität München 85747 Garching Germany ARC Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 Australia INO-CNR BEC Center and Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Trento I-38123 Povo Italy Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications INFN 38123 Trento Italy

We analyze the dynamics of a set of two-level atoms coupled to the electromagnetic environment within a waveguide. This problem is often tackled by assuming a weak coupling between the atoms and the environment as well as the associated Markov approximation. We show that the accuracy of such an approximation may be more limited than in the single-atom case and may also be strongly determined by the presence of collective effects produced by atom-atom interactions. To this aim, we solve the full problem with exact diagonalization and also the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method, and we compare the result to that obtained within a weak-coupling master equation and with the Dicke approximation. Finally, we study the dynamics of the entanglement within the system when considering several interatomic distances and atomic frequencies.

关键词： Collective effects in quantum optics Light-matter interaction Photonic crystals Quantum optics Waveguide arrays Dicke model Perturbative methods

Roadmap on Deep Learning for Microscopy

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Volpe, Giovanni Wählby, Carolina Tian, Lei Hecht, Michael Yakimovich, Artur Monakhova, Kristina Waller, Laura Sbalzarini, Ivo F. Metzler, Christopher A. Xie, Mingyang Zhang, Kevin Lenton, Isaac C.D. Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina Brunner, Daniel Bai, Bijie Ozcan, Aydogan Midtvedt, Daniel Wang, Hao Sladoje, Nataša Lindblad, Joakim Smith, Jason T. Ochoa, Marien Barroso, Margarida Intes, Xavier Qiu, Tong Yu, Li-Yu You, Sixian Liu, Yongtao Ziatdinov, Maxim A. Kalinin, Sergei V. Sheridan, Arlo Manor, Uri Nehme, Elias Goldenberg, Ofri Shechtman, Yoav Moberg, Henrik K. Langhammer, Christoph Špačková, Barbora Helgadottir, Saga Midtvedt, Benjamin Argun, Aykut Thalheim, Tobias Cichos, Frank Bo, Stefano Hubatsch, Lars Pineda, Jesus Manzo, Carlo Bachimanchi, Harshith Selander, Erik Homs-Corbera, Antoni Fränzl, Martin de Haan, Kevin Rivenson, Yair Korczak, Zofia Adiels, Caroline Beck Mijalkov, Mite Veréb, Dániel Chang, Yu-Wei Pereira, Joana B. Matuszewski, Damian Kylberg, Gustaf Sintorn, Ida-Maria Caicedo, Juan C. Cimini, Beth A. Bell, Muyinatu Lediju A. Saraiva, Bruno M. Jacquemet, Guillaume Henriques, Ricardo Ouyang, Wei Le, Trang Gómez-De-Mariscal, Estibaliz Sage, Daniel Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate Lindqvist, Ebba Josefson Bergman, Johanna Department of Physics University of Gothenburg Gothenburg41296 Sweden Dept. IT and SciLifeLab Uppsala University Sweden Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Görlitz Germany Department of Renal Medicine Division of Medicine University College London Royal Free Hospital Campus London United Kingdom Artificial Intelligence for Life Sciences CIC Dorset United Kingdom Roche Pharma International Informatics Roche Diagnostics GmbH Mannheim Germany Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences UC Berkeley United States Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Computer Science Dresden Germany Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics Center for Systems Biology Dresden Dresden Germany University of Maryland College Park United States Klosterneuburg3400 Austria School of Mathematics and Physics The University of Queensland Brisbane4072 Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Engineered Quantum Systems The University of Queensland Brisbane4072 Australia Département d’Optique P. M. Duffieux Institut FEMTO-ST Université Franche-Comté CNRS UMR 6174 Besançon France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Sweden Department of Biomedical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY12180 United States Elephas 1 Erdman Pl. Madison53705 United States University of Wisconsin–Madison Department of Medical Physics MadisonWI53705 United States Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology Albany Medical College AlbanyNY12208 United States Research Laboratory of Electronics Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology BostonMA United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak R

Through digital imaging, microscopy has evolved from primarily being a means for visual observation of life at the micro- and nano-scale, to a quantitative tool with ever-increasing resolution and throughput. Artificial intelligence, deep neural networks, and machine learning are all niche terms describing computational methods that have gained a pivotal role in microscopy-based research over the past decade. This Roadmap is written collectively by prominent researchers and encompasses selected aspects of how machine learning is applied to microscopy image data, with the aim of gaining scientific knowledge by improved image quality, automated detection, segmentation, classification and tracking of objects, and efficient merging of information from multiple imaging modalities. We aim to give the reader an overview of the key developments and an understanding of possibilities and limitations of machine learning for microscopy. It will be of interest to a wide cross-disciplinary audience in the physical sciences and life sciences. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image enhancement

Research campaign: Macroscopic quantum resonators (MAQRO)

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kaltenbaek, Rainer Arndt, Markus Aspelmeyer, Markus Barker, Peter F. Bassi, Angelo Bateman, James Belenchia, Alessio Bergé, Joel Braxmaier, Claus Bose, Sougato Christophe, Bruno Cole, Garrett D. Curceanu, Catalina Datta, Animesh Debiossac, Maxime Delić, Uroš Diósi, Lajos Geraci, Andrew A. Gerlich, Stefan Guerlin, Christine Hechenblaikner, Gerald Heidmann, Antoine Herrmann, Sven Hornberger, Klaus Johann, Ulrich Kiesel, Nikolai Lämmerzahl, Claus LeBrun, Thomas W. Milburn, Gerard J. Millen, James Mohageg, Makan Moore, David C. Morley, Gavin W. Nimmrichter, Stefan Novotny, Lukas Oi, Daniel K.L. Paternostro, Mauro Riedel, C. Jess Rodrigues, Manuel Rondin, Loïc Roura, Albert Schleich, Wolfgang P. Schuldt, Thilo Stickler, Benjamin A. Ulbricht, Hendrik Vogt, Christian Wörner, Lisa University Of Ljubljana Faculty Of Mathematics And Physics Slovenia Institute For Quantum Optics And Quantum Information Vienna Austria University Of Vienna Faculty Of Physics Vienna Center For Quantum Science And Technology Austria Department Of Physics And Astronomy University College London United Kingdom Department Of Physics University Of Trieste Italy INFN Trieste Section Italy Department Of Physics Faculty Of Science And Engineering Swansea University United Kingdom Institut Für Theoretische Physik Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen Germany CTAMOP School Of Mathematics And Physics Queen's University Belfast United Kingdom DPHY ONERA Université Paris Saclay France Institute Of Microelectronics Ulm University Germany Ulm Germany Thorlabs Crystalline Solutions United States Crystalline Mirror Solutions Santa BarbaraCA United States Italy Department Of Physics University Of Warwick United Kingdom Wigner Research Center For Physics Hungary Department Of Physics Of Complex Systems Eötvös Loránd University Hungary Center For Fundamental Physics Department Of Physics And Astronomy Northwestern University United States Laboratoire Kastler Brossel Sorbonne Université CNRS ENS-Université PSL Collège De France France Airbus Defence And Space GmbH Friedrichshafen Germany ZARM University Of Bremen Germany Faculty Of Physics University Of Duisburg-Essen Germany National Institute Of Standards And Technology United States Centre For Engineered Quantum Systems School Of Mathematics And Physics The University Of Queensland Australia Department Of Physics King's College London United Kingdom Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute Of Technology United States Wright Laboratory Department Of Physics Yale University United States Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät Universität Siegen Germany Photonics Laboratory ETH Zürich Switzerland Quantum Center ETH Zürich Switzerland SUPA Department Of Physics University Of Strathclyde United Kingdom Phy

The objective of the proposed MAQRO mission is to harness space for achieving long free-fall times, extreme vacuum, nano-gravity, and cryogenic temperatures to test the foundations of physics in macroscopic quantum experiments. This will result in the development of novel quantum sensors and a means to probe the foundations of quantum physics at the interface with gravity. Earlier studies showed that the proposal is feasible but that several critical challenges remain, and key technologies need to be developed. These new technologies will open up the potential for achieving additional science objectives. The proposed research campaign aims to advance the state of the art and to perform the first macroscopic quantum experiments in space. Experiments on the ground, in micro-gravity, and in space will drive the proposed research campaign during the current decade to enable the implementation of MAQRO within the subsequent decade. © 2022, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Optomechanics

Supporting design refinement in mems design

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Supporting design refinement in mems design

ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, IDETC/CIE 2002

作者： Sinha, Rajarishi Paredis, Christiaan J.J. Khosla, Pradeep K. Institute for Complex Engineered Systems Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States Institute for Complex Engineered Systems Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15213 United States IC Mechanics 425 N. Craig Street PittsburghPA15213-1154 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0791836215

We present a framework to support design refinement during the virtual prototyping of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). By instantiating MEMS components and connecting them to each other via ports, the designer can both configure complex systems and simulate them. We examine design refinement in the context of ease of use and representation of the virtual prototype. We propose the use of a common, formal grammar representation for the design entities in the virtual prototype-MEMS components, behavioral models and CAD models. We show that the formal grammar approach leads to easy creation of virtual prototypes. In this paper, we focus on ports-the fundamental building blocks of a virtual prototype. Ports mediate all interactions within and between aspects of the virtual prototype. For even moderately complex designs, there can be many interactions present. The representation and organization of all possible ports is important in the context of design refinement. We provide a set-theoretic formalism that defines the algebra of ports. We present a formal grammar for ports that represents a port as a set of attributes, and provide a design refinement mechanism that involves adding or modifying attributes in the port. We illustrate our framework with a MEMS example. We demonstrate that the MEMS designer can evaluate multiple design alternatives quickly and accurately with our framework. © 2002 ASME.

关键词： MEMS