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Chlorine-substituted chiral 2D perovskite microwires with enhanced lattice rigidity for sensitive circularly polarized light detection

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science China Chemistry 2023年第12期66卷 3602-3610页

作者： Meng Yuan Yuchen Qiu Yingjie Zhao Yuyan Zhao Hui Li Xiao Wei Gaosong Chen Jiangang Feng Hanfei Gao Jinjin Zhao Jiahui Zhao Lei Jiang Yuchen Wu Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science Technical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for High-Efficiency Display and Lighting TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Nano Functional Materials and ApplicationsHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(UCAS) Beijing 100049China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117585Singapore Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of ChinaSuzhou 215123China Ji Hua Laboratory Foshan 528000China Department of Physics Shanxi Datong UniversityDatong 037009China

Chiral two-dimensional(2D) perovskites offer numerous attractive features for optoelectronics owing to their soft, deformable lattices and a high degree of chemical tunability. While tremendous advances have been made in perovskite-based direct circularly polarized light(CPL) detection, the low circular polarization anisotropy factor and sensitivity of those photodetectors arising from large lattice distortion still limit practical applications. Herein, chiral 2D perovskite-based single-crystalline microwire arrays with enhanced circular dichroism(CD) absorption are fabricated with the synergy of the capillary-bridgeconfined assembly method and chlorine-substituted phenethylamine(Cl-MBA). Compared with phenethylamine(MBA)-inserted perovskites, the smaller lattice distortion and increased halogen–halogen interaction within Cl–MBA-inserted perovskites strengthen lattice rigidity and weaken electron–phonon coupling to improve carrier transport and thermal stability, resulting in high-performance CPL photodetectors with an anisotropy factor of 0.25, responsivity exceeding 95.7±9.3 A W^(-1)and detectivity exceeding(3.05±0.30)×10^(13)Jones. This work opens a new perspective to modulate circular polarization sensitivity and will be helpful to realize promising implementations in quantum computation and communication.

关键词： chiral perovskites microwire arrays lattice rigidity circular polarization photodetectors

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Unsupervised Question Answering via Answer Diversifying 29

Unsupervised Question Answering via Answer Diversifying

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29th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2022

作者： Nie, Yuxiang Huang, Heyan Chi, Zewen Mao, Xian-Ling School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing China Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications Beijing China Beijing Institute of Technology Southeast Academy of Information Technology Fujian China

Unsupervised question answering is an attractive task due to its independence on labeled data. Previous works usually make use of heuristic rules as well as pre-trained models to construct data and train QA models. However, most of these works regard named entity (NE) as the only answer type, which ignores the high diversity of answers in the real world. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel unsupervised method by diversifying answers, named DiverseQA. Specifically, the proposed method is composed of three modules: data construction, data augmentation and denoising filter. Firstly, the data construction module extends the extracted named entity into a longer sentence constituent as the new answer span to construct a QA dataset with diverse answers. Secondly, the data augmentation module adopts an answer-type dependent data augmentation process via adversarial training in the embedding level. Thirdly, the denoising filter module is designed to alleviate the noise in the constructed data. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method outperforms previous unsupervised models on five benchmark datasets, including SQuADv1.1, NewsQA, TriviaQA, BioASQ, and DuoRC. Besides, the proposed method shows strong performance in the few-shot learning setting. © 2022 Proceedings - International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING. All rights reserved.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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PSST: A Benchmark for Evaluation-driven Text Public-Speaking Style Transfer

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Sun, Huashan Wu, Yixiao Ye, Yuhao Yang, Yizhe Li, Yinghao Li, Jiawei Gao, Yang School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications China

Language style is necessary for AI systems to understand and generate diverse human language accurately. However, previous text style transfer primarily focused on sentence-level data-driven approaches, limiting exploration of potential problems in large language models (LLMs) and the ability to meet complex application needs. To overcome these limitations, we introduce a novel task called Public-Speaking Style Transfer (PSST), which aims to simulate humans to transform passage-level, official texts into a public-speaking style. Grounded in the analysis of real-world data from a linguistic perspective, we decompose public-speaking style into key sub-styles to pose challenges and quantify the style modeling capability of LLMs. For such intricate text style transfer, we further propose a fine-grained evaluation framework to analyze the characteristics and identify the problems of stylized texts. Comprehensive experiments suggest that current LLMs struggle to generate public speaking texts that align with human preferences, primarily due to excessive stylization and loss of semantic information Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Anomaly Detection in Satellite Videos Using Diffusion Models

Anomaly Detection in Satellite Videos Using Diffusion Models

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IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

作者： Akash Awasthi Son T. Ly Jaer Nizam Videet Mehta Safwan Ahmad Ramakrishna Nemani Saurabh Prasad Hien Van Nguyen Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston USA Computer Science University of Houston Houston USA Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge USA Advanced Supercomputing Division NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field California USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350387254

ISBN: (纸本)9798350387261

Detecting anomalies in videos is a fundamental challenge in machine learning, particularly for applications like disaster management. Leveraging satellite data, with its high frequency and wide coverage, proves invaluable for promptly identifying extreme events such as wildfires, cyclones, or floods. Geostationary satellites, providing data streams at frequent intervals, effectively create a continuous video feed of Earth from space. This study focuses on detecting anomalies, specifically wildfires and smoke, in these high-frequency satellite videos. In contrast to prior endeavors in anomaly detection within surveillance videos, this study introduces a system tailored for high-frequency satellite videos, placing particular emphasis on two anomalies. Unlike the majority of existing Convolution Neural Network-based methods for wildfire detection that rely on labeled images or videos, our unsupervised approach addresses the challenges posed by high-frequency satellite videos with a high intensity of clouds. These Convolution Neural Network-based methods can only identify fires once they have reached a certain size and are susceptible to false positives. We frame the challenge of wildfire detection as a general anomaly detection problem. Introducing an innovative unsupervised approach involving diffusion models, which are state-of-the-art generative models for anomaly detection in satellite videos, we adopt a “generating-to-detecting” strategy. Performance evaluation, measured through AUC-ROC, underscores the superior efficacy of the diffusion model over CNN and Generative Adversarial Networks-based methods in detecting anomalies in these high-frequency satellite videos characterized by a high intensity of clouds. The dataset utilized can be accessed at this location.

关键词： Satellites Wildfires Convolution Clouds Surveillance Streaming media Diffusion models Anomaly detection Streams Videos

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Developing a Super-lift Luo-converter with Integration of Buck Converters for Electric Vehicle applications

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2021年第4期7卷 811-820页

作者： Behdad Faridpak Meisam Farrokhifar Mojtaba Nasiri Arman Alahyari Nasser Sadoogi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of TabrizTabriz ***Iran Center for Energy Science and Technology Skolkovo Institute of Science and TechnologyMoscow 121205Russia Solar Energy Applications Group School of EngineeringTrinity College DublinD02 PN40 DublinIreland Research and Development Department of Jam Hoor Tabriz Company Tabriz ***Iran

In this paper,a DC-DC multi-port converter is introduced by integrating a super-lift and a buck converter(SLBC).The proposed single-input dual-output(SIDO)converter has conventional positive output voltage super-lift advantages while simultaneously generating a step・up voltage by Luo・converter and a step-down voltage by the buck *** this structure,without utilizing electromagnetic components to generate a dual output,the ripple in output voltages is kept ***,the introduced SLBC has a simple structure and an appropriate control method providing a wide range of output ***,to illustrate the advantages of the proposed SIDO converter,a comparison with other similar configurations is carried ***,simulation and experiment results indicate a considerable reduction in conduction losses compared to other SIDO converters in the same *** operation accuracy of SLBC is validated by performing several simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC software and testing a 150W prototype in the laboratory.

关键词： DC-DC converter Luo-converter single-input dual-output(SIDO) super-lift(SL) high voltage gain

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The Span-Based Transformer Classifier for Named Entity Recognition

The Span-Based Transformer Classifier for Named Entity Recog...

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International Conference on Autonomous Unmanned Systems, ICAUS 2021

作者： Li, Yangfan Sun, Xin Li, Hongao Yang, Kaige Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Southeast Academy of Information Technology Fujian Putian351100 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811694912

Named entity recognition is a basic task in the field of natural language processing. The existing named entity recognition model has the problem of poor recognition effect on specific domain data sets. Aiming at the inconsistency of sequence labeling caused by the shortcomings of the traditional BIO (B-begin, I-inside, O-outside) annotation method, a named entity recognition model based on transformer is proposed, which uses the feature extraction of encoder in transformer and the labeling method of limited interval. Firstly, the BERT pre-training model is used to perform word-level dynamic vector representation of the input text. Then the vector representation of the text is intercepted by the span-based labeling method, and the feature of text and candidate named entity is extracted by self-attention mechanism. The results of experiment on the dataset in the industrial informatization field show the effectiveness of the model. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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A Denoising Method for Distant Supervised Relation Extraction Based on Deep Clustering

A Denoising Method for Distant Supervised Relation Extractio...

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International Conference on Autonomous Unmanned Systems, ICAUS 2021

作者： Li, Hongao Sun, Xin Yang, Kaige Beijing Engineering Research Center of High Volume Language Information Processing and Cloud Computing Applications School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Beijing Institute of Technology Southeast Academy of Information Technology Fujian Putian351100 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789811694912

Distant supervision for relation extraction uses an external knowledge base as supervision signals to automatically label corpus and has attracted more and more attention. However, this method has an ideal hypothesis that all instances containing the same entity pairs represent the same relation, which will lead to a lot of noisy data and affect the training effect of classifier. Aiming at the noise problem of distant supervised dataset, we propose a denoising method based on deep clustering. First, the deep clustering method is used to train the text features and clustering centers, and the effect of clustering is improved by using the information of mask entity pairs. Then high quality training samples are obtained by removing the noisy data, so as to achieve the effect of denoising. Experimental results show that the proposed model can effectively improve the performance of relation extraction by comparing with the traditional denoising methods. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Knowledge based systems

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Observation of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Topological Model Band Structure in Integrated LNOI Coupled Ring Cavities 16

Observation of Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Topological Model Band S...

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16th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO-PR 2024

作者： Dinh, Hiep X. Balcytis, Armandas Ozawa, Tomoki Ota, Yasutomo Baba, Toshihiko Iwamoto, Satoshi Mitchell, Arnan Nguyen, Thach G. Rmit University Integrated Photonics and Applications Centre MelbourneVIC3000 Australia Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Keio University Department of Applied Physics and Physico-Informatics Yokohama223-8522 Japan Yokohama National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yokohama240-8501 Japan The University of Tokyo Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology Tokyo153-8904 Japan

We report synthetic frequency dimension Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and its band structure observation using coupled ring cavities on an integrated photonic chip. Intra-cell and inter-cell couplings between hybridized ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372076

关键词： Photonic integrated circuits

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Adaptive Fourier Decomposition of the First Three SARS-CoV-2 Infection Waves with Epidemic Intervention—London,UK,2020-2022

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China CDC weekly 2024年第21期6卷 478-486,I0006-I0008页

作者： Zige Liu Guibin Lu Cheokieng Vong Zhiqi Zeng Wei He Zhijie Lin Cuiyun Lin Kaichin Hsieh Zifeng Yang Arlindo L.Oliveira Chitin Hon Department of Engineering Science Faculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SARChina Queen Ethelburga’s Collegiate Thorpe Underwood EstateYorkUK State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory DiseaseGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory HealthThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Respiratory Disease AI Laboratory on Epidemic and Medical Big Data Instrument Applications Department of Engineering ScienceFaculty of Innovation EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SARChina Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clinical Rapid Diagnosis and Early Warning of Infectious Diseases KingMed School of Laboratory MedicineGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Faculty of Innovation Engineering School of Computer Science and EngineeringMacao University of Science and TechnologyMacao SARChina University College London UCL Faculty of Engineering SciencesLondonUK Guangzhou Laboratory Guangzhou CityGuangdong ProvinceChina Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores:Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Lisboa LisboaPortugal Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Background:This study provides a detailed analysis of the daily fluctuations in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)case numbers in London from January 31,2020 to February 24,*** primary objective was to enhance understanding of the interactions among government pandemic responses,viral mutations,and the subsequent changes in COVID-19 case ***:We employed the adaptive Fourier decomposition(AFD)method to analyze diurnal changes and further segmented the AFD into novel multi-component groups consisting of one to three *** restructured components were rigorously evaluated using Pearson correlation,and their effectiveness was compared with other signal analysis *** study introduced a novel approach to differentiate individual components across various time-frequency scales using basis decomposition ***:Analysis of London’s daily COVID-19 data using AFD revealed a strong correlation between the“stay at home”directive and high-frequency components during the first epidemic *** indicates the need for sustained implementation of vaccination policies to maintain their ***:The AFD component method provides a comprehensive analysis of the immediate and prolonged impact of governmental policies on the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).This robust tool has proven invaluable for analyzing COVID-19 pandemic data,offering critical insights that guide the formulation of future preventive and public health strategies.

关键词： offering sustained London

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Enhancing EEG Artifact Removal Efficiency by Introducing Dense Skip Connections to IC-U-Net

Enhancing EEG Artifact Removal Efficiency by Introducing Den...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Kong-Yi Chang Yung-Chia Huang Chun-Hsiang Chuang Institute of Information Systems and Applications College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science NTHU Taiwan Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences College of Education NTHU Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science NTHU Taiwan

Electroencephalographic (EEG) data is considered contaminated with various types of artifacts. Deep learning has been successfully applied to developing EEG artifact removal techniques to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and enhance brain-computer interface performance. Recently, our research team has proposed an end-to-end UNet-based EEG artifact removal technique, IC-U-Net, which can reconstruct signals against various artifacts. However, this model suffers from being prone to overfitting with a limited training dataset size and demanding a high computational cost. To address these issues, this study attempted to leverage the architecture of UNet++ to improve the practicability of IC-U-Net by introducing dense skip connections in the encoder-decoder architecture. Results showed that this proposed model obtained superior SNR to the original model with half the number of parameters. Also, this proposed model achieved comparable convergency using a quarter of the training data size.

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