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Advanced PFH calculations for safety integrity systems with high diagnostic

Advanced PFH calculations for safety integrity systems with ...

引用

XXII International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT

作者： P. Holub J. Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The calculation of "Probability of Failure on Demand" (PFH) according to IEC 61508 shows for a 1oo1 and a 1oo2 system using the same initial values that - as expected - a 1oo2 system is a better safety integrity system than a 1oo1 system. This means, that a 1oo2 system has a lower probability of failure than a 1oo1 system. Comparing the same systems operating in a high demand or continuous mode of operation, there will be some cases, especially for systems with high diagnostics, where a 1oo1 system has a lower ¿Probability of Failure per Hour¿ (PFH) value than a 1oo2 system, using the PFH formulas according to IEC 61508. Using the equation according to IEC 61508, it is also possible that the PFH value is apparently better the longer the system runs either in the high mode or continuous mode of operation. Both results are irreproducible in industrial reality. Therefore, this paper will analyze first what conditions are necessary to get a hazard event when using a PFH system. Only those cases are considered in the modified PFH calculation, in which indeed a hazard event occurs. In a second step, it presents a new approach with the help of plausible arguments in order to calculate the PFH value of a PFH system considering a high diagnostic and a very low failure rate. The presented approach can also be correctly verified with mathematics using the advanced Markov model also described in this paper.

关键词： IEC standards Phase frequency detector Hazards Protection computer architecture Humans Safety devices Robotic assembly Risk analysis Probability

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Enhancing a simulation environment for computer architecture to a systemC based testbench tool for design verification

Enhancing a simulation environment for computer architecture...

引用

XXII International Symposium on Information, Communication and Automation Technologies, ICAT

作者： M. Westmeier B. Herwig J. Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

This paper presents a simulation environment, which is a C++/systemC based integrated framework for functional verification of designed components or electronic architectures and enhances the existing computer architecture simulation tool named sefca. As the VHDL sources are converted to systemC it is sufficient for verification engineers to have a fundamental knowledge of C++ and the systemC library. The testbench framework uses the same graphical user interface (GUI) based on the wxPython library, which was presented in the sefca tool. Verification of the design is supported by the systemC verification library (SCV). Inter-Process-Communication is used to send the stimuli for simulation input from the GUI to the simulation process and the simulation results back to the online viewer in the GUI. With these enhancements sefca becomes a universal tool for testing the software and the hardware part of a new design at the same time. Working on the transaction level model (TLM) the proposed methodology offers a high performance and a high level of abstraction.

关键词： Clocks Unified modeling language Object oriented modeling Libraries computer architecture Software Hardware

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Improvement, application and verification of a new multivariate forecasting model for real industry related issues 31st

Improvement, application and verification of a new multivari...

引用

31st European Safety and Reliability Conference, ESREL 2021

作者： Krini, Abderrahim Börcsök, Josef Engineering of Remanufacturing and Quality Robert Bosch GmbH Schwäbisch Gmünd Germany Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming University Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789811820168

With this work, a research contribution in the field of reliability theory has been made, with which a realistic prognosis of reliability parameters of technical systems can be carried out. The motivation to deal with this topic resulted from the realization that the prognosis quality of established prognosis models must be optimized. An early and realistic prognosis of reliability parameters contributes to the success of a concern, mainly through the early implementation of quality measures. The work focuses on the development of a new multivariate prognosis model, which uses multivariate stress parameters as reference variables. Its application enables the prediction of reliability parameters for electronic control units. The predicted reliability parameters can be specified as stress-dependent (bivariate/multivariate) or time-dependent variables. While univariate reference quantities usually use the time dwell time of a technical system, the prognosis model newly presented here can process multivariate reference quantities. During the time in the field, technical systems are not only exposed to different usage behavior, but also to other stresses and influences that make a not inconsiderable contribution to failure. The use of time in the field as a univariate reference variable does not allow for this differentiated consideration and does not take into account relevant information in the reliability analysis. All existing prediction models have in common that only univariate reference parameters can be processed. For a fully comprehensive reliability analysis, all stress variables that lead to a failure must be considered. This is not sufficiently possible with a simple univariate approach. With the new approaches, it is now possible for the first time to consider different stress variables, their changes and their effects on the technical system under investigation in a field data analysis. The presented approach for the multivariate prognosis model considers i

关键词： Forecasting

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Different approaches for probability of common cause failure on demand calculations for safety integrity systems

Different approaches for probability of common cause failure...

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ACS/IEEE International Conference on computer systems and Applications

作者： Josef Borcsok Peter Holub Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The common cause failures (ccf) are the biggest part when calculating the probability of failure for redundant safety integrity systems. A ccf can occur, when a random hardware failure leads to a failure of several components. There are several methods to calculate the probability of ccf. Three models will be shown in this paper, with the help of which the beta-factor will be calculated. The ccf ratio for the calculation of the overall probability of failure is defined with the beta-factor.

关键词： Probability Risk analysis Product safety Safety devices computer architecture Hardware Control systems Production systems Pipelines Pumps

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Estimation and Evaluation of Common Cause Failures

Estimation and Evaluation of Common Cause Failures

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ICONS International Conference on systems

作者： J. Borcsok S. Schaefer E. Ugljesa Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Success of many modern applications is highly dependent on the correct functioning of complex computer based systems. In some cases, failures in these systems may cause serious consequences in terms of loss of human life. systems in which failure could endanger human life are termed safety-critical. The SIS (safety instrumented system) should be designed to meet the required safety integrity level as defined in the safety requirement specification (safety requirement allocation). Moreover, the SIS design should be performed in a way that minimizes the potential for common mode or common cause failures (CCF). A CCF occurs when a single fault result in the corresponding failure of multiple components. Thus, CCFs can result in the SIS failing to function when there is a process demand. Consequently, CCFs have to be identified during the design process and the potential impact on the SIS functionality have to be understood. This paper gives details about the estimation and evaluation of common failures and assesses a loo2 system. It is a survey paper that presents the newest developments in common cause failure analysis.

关键词： Redundancy Safety Hardware Failure analysis Fault tolerant systems computer architecture Functional programming Humans Reliability engineering Application software

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FPGA-based wireless sensor network platform for safety systems

FPGA-based wireless sensor network platform for safety syste...

引用

International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)

作者： Ali Hayek Bashier Machmur Yusuf Suna Josef Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

Sensor communication applications not only require high performance processing but also flexible and reliable computing. Today, standard microprocessor systems are still application oriented and aren't suitable by implication for reliability-related and safety-related applications. In order to achieve a certain safety integrity level (SIL), several measures, methodologies and especially additional components should be considered, which leads to more and more complex systems. For this reason, new application devices should be targeted. In this context, reconfigurable devices such as SRAM-based Field Programmable Gates Arrays (FPGAs) provide a suitable solution due to their flexibility, and the necessary computing performance at affordable design cost and time. In fact, SRAM-Based FPGAs are nowadays frequently used in embedded communication systems due to their design flexibility and reconfigurability. This paper presents a prototyping platform for an FPGA-based safety-related communication system for a wireless sensor network. As a case study an acceleration sensor application is introduced.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Safety computer architecture Acceleration Monitoring Software

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Laser scanner based position detection for safety related applications

Laser scanner based position detection for safety related ap...

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International Symposium on Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering (ISFEE)

作者： R. Thum M. Bichuniak J. Börcsök Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

New Solutions of autonomous vehicles, which are traveling along a painted line on the floor, have been found. In many cases navigation along a painted line will not be accepted because the ground will not be suitable for a painted line. Environmental concerns prohibit putting anything in or on the ground. A free navigation system is necessary. The load and the size of these vehicles increase. Areas where they are found are expanding. It is undoubtedly true that a safety related position detection system with a strong sense of accuracy would be needed to establish such a secure communication. A system that operates with high accuracy and high reliability is introduced here.

关键词： Vehicles Bar codes Wheels Accuracy Safety Reliability Monitoring

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Novel Approach of a Smart Medical Mirror system for Medical Applications 5

Novel Approach of a Smart Medical Mirror System for Medical ...

引用

5th IEEE Middle East and Africa Conference on Biomedical Engineering, MECBME 2020

作者： Halaby, Shady Khoury, George Zeid Daou, Roy Abi Hayek, Ali Boercsoek, Josef Lebanese German University Biomedical Technologies Department Jounieh Lebanon Lebanese German University Biomedical Technologies Department Jounieh Lebanon Lebanese German University Biomedical Technologies Department Jounieh Lebanon University of Kassel Faculty of Electrical Engineering/Computer Science Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Germany University of Kassel Faculty of Electrical Engineering/Computer Science Department of Computer Architecture and System Programming Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728123585

Humans always face problems when it comes to medical check-up due to lack of time or laziness. However, lots of medical problems and fatal illnesses can be detected at earlier stages if the person is subject to continuous check-up. Hence, the idea of the proposed system is to design a tool enabling the measurement of the basic vital signs with the smallest effort possible from the person's side. Thus, this paper proposes a smart medical mirror system that acts as a normal mirror and also delivers the basic vital signs of the user such as the heart rate, SPO2, body temperature, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The system takes five seconds for initialization and starts the measurements and displays the results. The user will not lose time as this check-up can be performed every morning while the person is wearing his clothes and getting ready to start his daily activities. The system was tested by multiple users having different body statuses. The recorded values showed very small differences with the exact ones. At the end, the system was able to meet the user specifications concerning its portability, sensitivity, accuracy and, most importantly, its low cost. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Mirrors

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Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safety critical communication

Determination of bit error and residual error rates for safe...

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2nd International Conference on systems, ICONS 2007

作者： Börcsök, J. Hannen, H.-T. HIMA Paul Hildebrandt GmbH + Co. KG Albert-Bassermann-Str. 28 68782 Brühl Germany Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

The probability of failure rate and error rate are important indicators for the assessment of applications for high-speed communication systems. The paper presents causes of faults and theoretical and practical method... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0769528074

关键词： Bit error rate

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Estimation and evaluation of the 1004-architecture for safety related systems

Estimation and evaluation of the 1004-architecture for safet...

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International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering, ELECO

作者： Josef Börcsök Ali Hayek Computer Architecture and System Programming University of Kassel Kassel Germany

In the standard IEC 61508 miscellaneous architectures for safety related systems are introduced. Depending on the required safety, reliability and availability levels several architectures such as 1oo2-, 2oo2-, 1oo3-, and 2oo3-architectures can be selected. In this paper, the concept and calculation of a novel architecture is presented. The 1oo4-architecture (one out of four) represents an advanced safety architecture, which is 3-failure safe. This means that at least one of the four channels have to work correctly in order to trigger the safety function. In order to classify the quality of the proposed architecture for safety related systems the PFD-value is calculated. Additionally, the Markov-model for a 1oo4-architecture is introduced and the MTTF-value for this architecture is calculated. The results are high safety and high reliability.

关键词： Safety computer architecture Phase frequency detector Availability Probability Markov processes

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