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arXiv 2024年

作者： Cheng, Erjian Mao, Ning Yang, Xiaotian Song, Boqing Lou, Rui Ying, Tianping Nie, Simin Fedorov, Alexander Bertran, François Ding, Pengfei Suvorov, Oleksandr Zhang, Shu Changdar, Susmita Schnelle, Walter Koban, Ralf Yi, Changjiang Burkhardt, Ulrich Büchner, Bernd Wang, Shancai Zhang, Yang Wang, Wenbo Felser, Claudia Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden01187 Germany School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics ShanghaiTech University Shanghai201210 China Institute of Physics University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research IFW Dresden Dresden01069 Germany Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie Albert-Einstein-Straße 15 Berlin12489 Germany Joint Laboratory "Functional Quantum Materials" BESSY II Berlin12489 Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Départementale 128 Saint-Aubin91190 France Department of Physics Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation Ministry of Education Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials & Micronano Devices Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China Kyiv Academic University Kyiv03142 Ukraine Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems Dresden01187 Germany Institute for Solid State and Materials Physics TU Dresden Dresden01062 Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States Min H. Kao Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN37996 United States

Kagome materials with magnetic frustration in two-dimensional networks are known for their exotic properties, such as the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) with non-collinear spin textures. However, the effects of one-dimensional (1D) spin chains within these networks are less understood. Here, we report a distinctive AHE in the bilayer-distorted kagome material GdTi3Bi4, featuring 1D Gd zigzag spin chains, a one-third magnetization plateau, and two successive metamagnetic transitions. At these metamagnetic transitions, Hall resistivity shows abrupt jumps linked to the formation of stripe domain walls, while within the plateau, the absence of detectable domain walls suggests possible presence of skyrmion phase. Reducing the sample size to a few microns reveals additional Hall resistivity spikes, indicating domain wall skew scattering contributions. Magnetic atomistic spin dynamics simulations reveal that the magnetic textures at these transitions have reverse chirality, explaining the evolution of AHE and domain walls with fields. These results underscore the potential of magnetic and crystal symmetry interplay, and magnetic field-engineered spin chirality, for controlling domain walls and tuning transverse properties, advancing spintronic applications. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Chirality

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Exploit fully automatic low-level segmented PET data for training high-level deep learning algorithms for the corresponding CT data

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gsaxner, Christina Roth, Peter M. Wallner, Jürgen Egger, Jan Institute for Computer Graphics and Vision Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Graz Austria Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory Graz Austria Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Medical University of Graz Auenbruggerplatz Styria Austria

We present an approach for fully automatic urinary bladder segmentation in CT images with artificial neural networks in this study. Automatic medical image analysis has become an invaluable tool in the different treatment stages of diseases. Especially medical image segmentation plays a vital role, since segmentation is often the initial step in an image analysis pipeline. Since deep neural networks have made a large impact on the field of image processing in the past years, we use two different deep learning architectures to segment the urinary bladder. Both of these architectures are based on pre-trained classification networks that are adapted to perform semantic segmentation. Since deep neural networks require a large amount of training data, specifically images and corresponding ground truth labels, we furthermore propose a method to generate such a suitable training data set from Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography image data. This is done by applying thresholding to the Positron Emission Tomography data for obtaining a ground truth and by utilizing data augmentation to enlarge the dataset. In this study, we discuss the influence of data augmentation on the segmentation results, and compare and evaluate the proposed architectures in terms of qualitative and quantitative segmentation performance. The results presented in this study allow concluding that deep neural networks can be considered a promising approach to segment the urinary bladder in CT images. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Visual Analysis of Urban Traffic Data based on High-Resolution and High-Dimensional Environmental Sensor Data 6

Visual Analysis of Urban Traffic Data based on High-Resoluti...

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6th Workshop on Visualisation in Environmental sciences, EnvirVis 2018 at EuroVis 2018

作者： Häußler, Johannes Stein, Manuel Seebacher, Daniel Janetzko, Halldor Schreck, Tobias Keim, Daniel A. University of Konstanz Department of Computer and Information Science Germany University of Zurich Department of Geography Switzerland Graz University of Technology Institute for Computer Graphics and Knowledge Visualization Austria

ISBN: (纸本)9783038680635

Urbanization is an increasing global trend resulting in a strong increase in public and individual transportation needs. Accordingly, a major challenge for traffic and urban planners is the design of sustainable mobility concepts to maintain and increase the long-term health of humans by reducing environmental pollution. Recent developments in sensor technology allow the precise tracking of vehicle sensor information, allowing a closer and more in-depth analysis of traffic data. We propose a visual analytics system for the exploration of environmental factors in these high-resolution and high-dimensional mobility sensor data. Additionally, we introduce an interactive visual logging approach to enable experts to cope with complex interactive analysis processes and the problem of the reproducibility of results. The usefulness of our approach is demonstrated via two expert studies with two domain experts from the field of environment-related projects and urban traffic planning. © 2018 The Author(s) Eurographics Proceedings © 2018 The Eurographics Association.

关键词： computer graphics

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Ultrathin Magnesium-based Coating as an Efficient Oxygen Barrier for Superconducting Circuit Materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhou, Chenyu Mun, Junsik Yao, Juntao Anbalagan, Aswin kumar Hossain, Mohammad D. McLellan, Russell A. Li, Ruoshui Kisslinger, Kim Li, Gengnan Tong, Xiao Head, Ashley R. Weiland, Conan Hulbert, Steven L. Walter, Andrew L. Li, Qiang Zhu, Yimei Sushko, Peter V. Liu, Mingzhao Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States The Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA99354 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ08540 United States Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States Materials Measurement Laboratory National Institute of Standard and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Stony Brook University Stony BrookNY11794 United States

Scaling up superconducting quantum circuits based on transmon qubits necessitates substantial enhancements in qubit coherence time. Among the materials considered for transmon qubits, tantalum (Ta) has emerged as a promising candidate, surpassing conventional counterparts in terms of coherence time. However, the presence of an amorphous surface Ta oxide layer introduces dielectric loss, ultimately placing a limit on the coherence time. In this study, we present a novel approach for suppressing the formation of tantalum oxide using an ultrathin magnesium (Mg) capping layer deposited on top of tantalum. Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies demonstrate that oxide is confined to an extremely thin region directly beneath the Mg/Ta interface. Additionally, we demonstrate that the superconducting properties of thin Ta films are improved following the Mg capping, exhibiting sharper and higher-temperature transitions to superconductive and magnetically ordered states. Based on the experimental data and computational modeling, we establish an atomic-scale mechanistic understanding of the role of the capping layer in protecting Ta from oxidation. This work provides valuable insights into the formation mechanism and functionality of surface tantalum oxide, as well as a new materials design principle with the potential to reduce dielectric loss in superconducting quantum materials. Ultimately, our findings pave the way for the realization of large-scale, high-performance quantum computing systems. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： X ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Specification of the data warehouse for the decision-making dimension of the Bid Process Information System

引用

Procedia computer science 2019年 159卷 1190-1197页

作者： Manel Zekri Sahbi Zahaf Faiez Gargouri University of Tunis El Manar Faculty of Sciences of Tunis Department of Computer Science El Manar II 2092 Tunisia MIRACL Laboratory Higher Institute of Computer and Multimedia Sakiet Ezzit Technopole Sfax 242-3021 Tunisia

In order to enhance the business process, the Bid Process Information System (BPIS) should be made more performant by ensuring greater flexibility and interoperability between devices. Moreover, the specication of this system has to deal with “three fit” problems. To this end, four dimensions have been identified in order to cope with potential failures: operational, organizational, decision-making, and cooperative dimensions. In this paper, we focus on the decision-making dimension of the BPIS and propose an approach for representing data warehouse schema based on an ontology that captures the multidimensional bid-knowledge.

关键词： Bid Process Information System Data Warehouse Conceptual Data Model Multidimensional Design Ontology

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Characteristics of the decision-making dimension of the BPIS

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Procedia computer science 2019年 164卷 285-291页

“Three fit” problems in the Bid Process Information System (BPIS) are still an open issue. The BPIS must be: integrated, flexible and interoperable in order to deal with the urbanization approach. Hence, operational, organizational, decision-making, and coop-erative dimensions are four dimensions that have been identified to deal with such failures. Accordingly, we propose an approach that focuses on the decision-making dimension of the BPIS. In addition, it represents data warehouse schema based on an ontology in order to capture the multidimensional bid-knowledge. This improves the resulting of data warehouse schema.

关键词： Bid Process Information System Data Warehouse Conceptual Data Model Multidimensional Design Ontology

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Switched-capacitor finite impulse response rotator filter

Switched-capacitor finite impulse response rotator filter

引用

Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, Arrangements and Applications (SPA)

作者： Paweł Pawłowski Rafał Długosz Adam Dąbrowski Division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems Jana Pawł a II 24 Poznan University of Technology Faculty of Control Robotics and Electrical Engineering and Institute of Automation and Robotics Poznań Poland Faculty of Telecommunication Computer Science and Electrical Engineering Kaliskiego 7 UTP University of Science and Technology Bydgoszcz Poland

ISBN: (数字)9788362065394

ISBN: (纸本)9781728177465

Design of the topology and layout for an analog finite impulse response (FIR) filter realized in the CMOS technology using the switched capacitor (SC) technique, is presented. The filter is based on the so called “rotator structure” supplemented with the programmable capacitor array. This array makes the on-line adjusting of the frequency response of the filter possible in a very wide range, thus, enlarges the area of applications of this circuit, e.g., to multi-standard wireless communication, software-defined radio, adaptive systems, etc. The presented circuit realizes filters of orders up to 15 (16 filter coefficients). The maximum frequency range approaches ca. 2 MHz. The circuit dissipates ca. 8 mW from the power supply.

关键词： Finite impulse response filters Capacitors iiR filters Clocks Operational amplifiers Switches Capacitance

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Convex-concave backtracking for inertial bregman proximal gradient algorithms in non-convex optimization

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Mukkamala, Mahesh Chandra Ochs, Peter Pock, Thomas Sabach, Shoham Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Saarland University Saarbrucken66123 Germany Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Graz University of Technology Graz8010 Austria Faculty of Industrial Engineering Technion Haifa3200003 Israel

Backtracking line-search is an old yet powerful strategy for finding a better step sizes to be used in proximal gradient algorithms. The main principle is to locally find a simple convex upper bound of the objective function, which in turn controls the step size that is used. In case of inertial proximal gradient algorithms, the situation becomes much more difficult and usually leads to very restrictive rules on the extrapolation parameter. In this paper, we show that the extrapolation parameter can be controlled by locally finding also a simple concave lower bound of the objective function. This gives rise to a double convex-concave backtracking procedure which allows for an adaptive choice of both the step size and extrapolation parameters. We apply this procedure to the class of inertial Bregman proximal gradient methods, and prove that any sequence generated by these algorithms converges globally to a critical point of the function at hand. Numerical experiments on a number of challenging non-convex problems in image processing and machine learning were conducted and show the power of combining inertial step and double backtracking strategy in achieving improved *** Codes 90C25, 26B25, 49M27, 52A41, 65K05 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Extrapolation

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New multi-wave solutions of the conformable LPD model with nonlinear wave phenomena arise in mathematical physics

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Journal of Ocean Engineering and science 2022年

作者： Tripathy, Ananya Sahoo, Subhadarshan Rezazadeh, Hadi Ahmad, Hijaz Inc, Mustafa Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology Deemed to be University Odisha Bhubaneswar 751024 India Faculty of Modern Technologies Engineering Amol University of Special Modern Technologies Amol Iran Section of Mathematics International Telematic University Uninettuno Corso Vittorio Emanuele II Roma 3900186 Italy Department of Computer Engineering Biruni University Istanbul Turkey Firat University Science Faculty Department of Mathematics Elazig 23119 Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital China Medical University Taichung Taiwan

In this paper, the conformable Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation with parabolic law nonlinearity is solved and the newly acquired optical solutions are analysed. To achieve this, two robust analytical techniques are implemented namely, the three-wave method and the interaction phenomena form. The newly obtained solutions are in the form of dark, w-shaped, periodic, peakon, bright and three-soliton solutions and their interaction solution in a kinky base. These characteristics are analysed by the graphical representation which demonstrates the reliability and virtue of the proposed methods. The most fascinating part of the reported solutions is their use in science and engineering. The novel aspect of this study is the obtained solutions, which were not before achieved and demonstrate a good balance between the nonlinear physical components. Furthermore, the solutions can facilitate estimating the performance of wave patterns in fibers when needed in a design. © 2022

关键词： 02.30.Hq 02.30.Jr 42.65.Wi 42.81.Dp Fractional derivative Lakshmanan–Porsezian–Daniel equation Optical fibers Optical solutions Three-wave method

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Medical deep learning-A systematic meta-review

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Egger, Jan Gsaxner, Christina Pepe, Antonio Pomykala, Kelsey L. Jonske, Frederic Kurz, Manuel Li, Jianning Kleesiek, Jens Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision Faculty of Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering Graz University of Technology Inffeldgasse 16 Styria Graz8010 Austria Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Medical University of Graz Auenbruggerplatz 5/1 Styria Graz8036 Austria Computer Algorithms for Medicine Laboratory Styria Graz Austria University Medicine Essen Girardetstraße 2 Essen45131 Germany University Medicine Essen Hufelandstraße 55 Essen45147 Germany Partner Site Essen Hufelandstraße 55 Essen45147 Germany

Deep learning has remarkably impacted several different scientific disciplines over the last few years. For example, in image processing and analysis, deep learning algorithms were able to outperform other cutting-edge methods. Additionally, deep learning has delivered state-of-the-art results in tasks like autonomous driving, outclassing previous attempts. There are even instances where deep learning outperformed humans, for example with object recognition and gaming. Deep learning is also showing vast potential in the medical domain. With the collection of large quantities of patient records and data, and a trend towards personalized treatments, there is a great need for automated and reliable processing and analysis of health information. Patient data is not only collected in clinical centers, like hospitals and private practices, but also by mobile healthcare apps or online websites. The abundance of collected patient data and the recent growth in the deep learning field has resulted in a large increase in research effort s. In Q2/2020, the search engine PubMed returned already over 11,000 results for the search term 'deep learning', and around 90% of these publications are from the last three years. However, even though PubMed represents the largest search engine in the medical field, it does not cover all medical-related publications. Hence, a complete overview of the field of 'medical deep learning' is almost impossible to obtain and acquiring a full overview of medical sub-fields is becoming increasingly more difficult. Nevertheless, several review and survey articles about medical deep learning have been published within the last few years. They focus, in general, on specific medical scenarios, like the analysis of medical images containing specific pathologies. With these surveys as a foundation, the aim of this article is to provide the first high-level, systematic meta-review of medical deep learning surveys. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights res

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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