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2nd IEEE Eurasia Conference on IOT, Communication and engineering, ECICE 2020

作者： Brovkina, Daniella Riedel, Oliver Stuttgart70569 Germany The Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70174 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180601

Assembly systems are an essential component of industrial production. However, due to a lack of tools for decision-making support, these systems are usually planned and designed manually or with a low degree of automation. In this paper, a data model and a fully automated system for the design of assembly lines in the context of Model-based System engineering (MBSE) are presented. This system uses a graph-based description of the product and production capabilities, matches the product requirements to the available capabilities and resources, and enables an appropriate design generation using the Model-in-the-Loop and Software-in-the-Loop simulations. Explicit semantics and high flexibility of the graph-based data model allow a fine-grained description of the highly complex system. A particular focus is on the assembly-specific capability and product description, and generalizability of assembly systems through the use of the presented data model. For the data model evaluation, several scenarios are presented, where the production capabilities are being matched to a product description to form a logic assembly line structure. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Assembly

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Comparative Analysis of Factory Simulation Description Models for Comprehensive Description of Model Design 2

Comparative Analysis of Factory Simulation Description Model...

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2nd IEEE Eurasia Conference on IOT, Communication and engineering, ECICE 2020

作者： Brovkina, Daniella Kienzlen, Annika Riedel, Oliver Stuttgart70569 Germany The Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70174 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180601

Simulation models are used during the entire life cycle of a factory. Because of a factory's complexity, different simulation tools with different scope emerged over time. The holistic mapping requires coupled simulations that consider the factory from different perspectives. Each simulation requires a new tool and simulation model, which, up to now, has usually been created manually. This paper presents an analysis of existing approaches and data models for factory simulation description. These approaches allow data exchange between single simulation models, but do not provide dynamic coupling and model generation, and often cannot include all relevant information for the factory simulation. To achieve a continuous and comprehensive factory simulation, a concept for a metamodel for factory simulation description is outlined. Its goal is not only to describe a skeleton of the factory and provide simulation coupling and data exchange but also to provide a dynamic model generation. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic data interchange

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Towards a universal manufacturing node: Requirements for a versatile, laser-based machine tool for highly adaptable manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 111卷 816-821页

作者： Michael Jarwitz David Traunecker Christian von Arnim Niklas Müller Steffen Kramer University of Stuttgart Institut fuer Strahlwerkzeuge (IFSW) Pfaffenwaldring 43 70569 Stuttgart Germany University of Stuttgart Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) Seidenstr. 36 70174 Stuttgart Germany University of Stuttgart Institute for Machine Tools (IfW) Holzgartenstr. 17 70174 Stuttgart Germany Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) wbk Institute of Production Science 76131 Karlsruhe Germany

The current trend in the context of Industry 4.0 towards small batch sizes and increasing product variety results in ever-changing requirements for both, the products and the production. This requires highly versatile, fully and easily adaptable, and efficient manufacturing environments that can meet these demands, ideally already on the level of the machine tool. Because of its versatility, the laser is a promising tool for such a machine tool, but there is still a considerable need for research in the field of system technology. We consider the requirements for a versatile, laser-based machine tool for highly adaptable manufacturing, that utilizes the combination of laser-based manufacturing processes on one machine. The focus of the considerations lies on remote processes and the processing of metals. Five key research topics for the development of such a universal laser manufacturing node are identified: highly dynamic and precise kinematics (1); ‘on-the-fly’ reconfigurable, distributed control architectures (2); adaptable process diagnostics for online quality monitoring (3); technological interactions in laser-based process chains (4); and models for a fast estimation of the process parameters for each production step (5). The relevance and current needs for research for each topic are discussed and corresponding solution concepts are proposed.

关键词： laser-based manufacturing Industry 4.0 versatile machine tool adaptable manufacturing multi-process

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Prediction of the configuration of objects in a bin based on synthetic sensor data 13

Prediction of the configuration of objects in a bin based on...

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13th CIRP Conference on Intelligent Computation in manufacturing engineering, CIRP ICME 2019

作者： Fur, Shan Boughattas, Bilel Verl, Alexander Pott, Andreas Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Seidentraße 36 StuttgartD-70174 Germany

Bin picking describes a robot system that picks unsorted objects from a bin based on sensor data. The object recognition is one of the main difficulties when calculating the grasping pose. In the worst case, a faulty object recognition leads to a system standstill. This work introduces a framework concept for improving the object recognition by predicting the configuration of all the objects in the bin based on an initial scan in form of a point cloud. This is done by taking advantage of an online simulation, with the goal of reducing the total number of scan cycles, which leads to a reduced risk of failure and improves the overall performance of a bin picking system. © 2020 The Authors.

关键词： Object recognition

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Environmental and technical evaluation of additive manufacturing: Enabling process chain perspective by energy value stream mapping 29

Environmental and technical evaluation of additive manufactu...

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29th CIRP Conference on Life Cycle engineering, LCE 2022

作者： Wiese, Mathias Rogall, Christopher Henningsen, Nadja Herrmann, Christoph Thiede, Sebastian Polymer Additive Manufacturing Center AUDI AG Auto-Union-Straße 1 Ingolstadt85045 Germany Department of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b Braunschweig38106 Germany Bienroder Weg 54 E Braunschweig38108 Germany Manufacturing Systems Faculty of Engineering Technology Department of Design Production and Management University of Twente De Horst 2 Building 20 EnschedeLW 7522 Netherlands

Additive manufacturing (AM) currently evolves from a prototyping process to an alternative manufacturing process for end-use parts, advancing into fabrication of low to medium product volumes. Moreover, increasing awareness of environmental impacts of manufacturing lead to the necessity of holistic evaluation among traditional evaluation criteria in the technical and economic domains. However, existing evaluation approaches seldom consider a complete AM process chain and are lacking a production-oriented notation which enables comparability across technologies and support in identification of improvement potentials on technical and environmental level. To address this gap, this paper highlights the way from structured data acquisition to setup of an energy value stream map (EVSM) for AM process chains in end-use part production, augmenting methods of lean manufacturing by the energy dimension. Consequently, it contributes to a holistic and transparent process chain perspective to assess AM as a manufacturing alternative. The proposed methodology is applied to a case study covering two different process chains, a first based on powder bed fusion via Multi-jet Fusion (MJF) and a second utilizing vat-photopolymerization via Continuous Liquid Interphase Printing (CLIP). While the MJF process chain's energetical hot spot is situated in the printing process itself, the hot spot for CLIP is found in thermal post-processing, exceeding the comparably efficient printing process by magnitudes and ultimately resulting in higher energy intensity per part compared to the MJF process chain. These results highlight the necessity of a holistic evaluation method for complete AM-based process chains and their influence on the product properties. Insights may help engineers, designers and decision makers in pre-selection of suitable manufacturing strategies with a more complete view on AM process chains. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printers

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Shop-floor service connector - A message-oriented middleware focused on the usability and infrastructure requirements of SMEs developing smart services 3

Shop-floor service connector - A message-oriented middleware...

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention, ICKII 2020

作者： Strljic, Matthias Milan Vollmann, Chris Riedel, Oliver Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70174 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Stuttgart70569 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781728193335

Digitalization causes an intensive change in the way software components are developed within the shop floor. The blending of technology domains with current automation technologies leads to high integration efforts with a low degree of reusability. This problem is further reinforced by a diverging system understanding within individual domains and the use of heterogeneous development platforms. Existing solutions from the field of cloud computing are applied in the context of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). However, these systems do not fulfill the requirements of user-friendliness, resource demands, performance, and infrastructure, which is why they are only partially suitable for the current needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). For this purpose, the communication middleware Shop-Floor-Service-Connector (SFSC) is developed. Based on the broker-less messaging system ZeroMQ, an overlaid SFSC protocol is implemented. Subsequently, an example scenario is used to illustrate the usage of the system. Finally, the next steps for further developing the middleware are presented. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Maturity Evaluation of Domain-Specific Language Ecosystems for Cyber-Physical Production systems

Maturity Evaluation of Domain-Specific Language Ecosystems f...

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International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Sandra Greiner Bianca Wiesmayr Kevin Feichtinger Kristof Meixner Marco Konersmann Jérôme Pfeiffer Michael Oberlehner David Schmalzing Andreas Wortmann Bernhard Rumpe Rick Rabiser Alois Zoitl Software Engineering Group University of Bern Switzerland LIT CPS Lab Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria CDL SQI Institute of Information Systems Engineering Technische Universität Wien Austria Software Engineering RWTH Aachen University Germany Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Germany CDL VaSiCS LIT CPS Lab Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria

engineering Cyber-Physical Production systems (CPPSs) heavily relies on Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs), which are tailored to a specific class of problems inherent to CPPSs. DSLs enable non-programming experts to solve problems in their domain, such as modeling production processes, implementing control software, or managing the variability of production systems. A DSL ecosystem encompasses the entire infrastructure (e.g., libraries and tools) built around its language and contributes to the successful and easy adoption thereof by domain experts. We present a maturity evaluation model for DSL ecosystems serving two aims: to developers, it reveals missing but essential aspects of the ecosystem, and users (e.g., industrial companies) can evaluate the maturity of a DSL ecosystem. We propose criteria to evaluate the maturity of DSL ecosystems and apply them to existing, publicly available DSLs which have been adopted in CPPSs. The results demonstrate that all components of the model are covered and they allow for deriving hypotheses about DSL ecosystems used in CPPSs.

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In-Process Workpiece Geometry Estimation for Robotic Arc Welding based on Supervised Learning for Multi-Sensor Inputs

In-Process Workpiece Geometry Estimation for Robotic Arc Wel...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Alexander Schmidt Christian Kotschote Oliver Riedel Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany AUDI AG Neckarsulm Germany

Due to manufacturing tolerances, the geometry parameters of workpieces are not constant in industrial welding applications. Today, this problem is addressed by either accepting fluctuating part quality or by measuring the geometry and adjusting the configuration of the robot and process controller for each individual part. However, measuring the geometry requires additional manufacturing time or reduces the accessibility of the welding tool. This paper presents an approach for estimating the workpiece geometry based on process data during the welding process, which eliminates the need of measuring the geometry in advance, yet provides the same accessibility of the welding tool. For this approach, a data set is generated by conducting welding experiments with varying part geometries. Welding current, welding voltage and acoustic emissions are recorded. Three supervised learning techniques, which are Support Vector machines, Random Forest Decision Trees and k-Nearest-Neighbors, are used to train models for estimating the geometry. The results show, that the trained models successfully estimate the part geometry with over 90% accuracy.

关键词： Geometry Support vector machines Service robots Welding Supervised learning Time series analysis Estimation

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Orientation smoothing in multi-axis additive manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2022年 107卷 357-362页

作者： Maxime Chalvin Frederik Wulle Sébastien Campocasso Anja Elser Vincent Hugel Alexander Verl Université de Toulon COSMER Toulon France Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Seidenstraße 36 70174 Stuttgart Germany ARENA2036 e.V. Pfaffenwaldring 19 70569 Stuttgart Germany

In multi-axis processes, such as material extrusion like Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), the orientation of the tool relatively to the workspace is usually set by the CAM software to an angle that is locally constant relative to the manufacturing surface. However, in the case of large curvature gradients or small curvature radius of the surface or the path, this method leads to significant variations of the tool orientation. These variation require large compensating movements of the axes to maintain the desired deposition tool orientation along the path. Kinematic constraints such as acceleration or jerk limits can lead to a reduction of the path velocity or noticeable positioning errors along the movement, as well as unwante vibrations, which means poor process conditions and defects in the parts. The paper presents a post path planning algorithm that allows smooth in of the tool orientation to avoid jerky compensation motion of the CNC system by varying the orientation within a defined tolerance. This tolerance depends on the deposition process, and is determined experimentally for a FFF process. The proposed methodology was successfully validated b the manufacturing of two sample parts using a robotic additive manufacturing cell.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Robot machine tool Optimization Tool path

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Knowledge transfer and engineering methods for smart-circular product service systems 31st

Knowledge transfer and engineering methods for smart-circula...

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31st CIRP Design Conference 2021, CIRP Design 2021

作者： Halstenberg, Friedrich Dönmez, Jasmin Mennenga, Mark Herrmann, Christoph Stark, Rainer Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technolog Pascalstr. 8-9 Berlin10587 Germany Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19 b Braunschweig38106 Germany

Smart Product Service systems (Smart PSS) have the potential to contribute to a Circular Economy (CE), but in the design of these systems engineering teams often lack information and knowledge on CE strategies and processes. Against this background, the authors propose a knowledge transfer system for the design of Smart-circular PSS. The system can be used in the concept phase of the Smart PSS development process and delivers information on CE strategies via a Smart-circular PSS Lifecycle Flowchart (SCPLF) and service archetypes. These strategies can be selected, supplemented and extended according to individual user requirements. The approach was validated using an intelligent street lighting system. This paper summarizes findings from the application and provides insights into potentials and limitations for the design of Smart-circular Smart PSS. © 2021 The Author(s).

关键词： systems engineering

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