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54th CIRP Conference on manufacturing Ssystems, CMS 2021

作者： Wiese, Mathias Dér, Antal Leiden, Alexander Abraham, Tim Herrmann, Christoph Thiede, Sebastian Polymer Additive Manufacturing Center AUDI AG Auto-Union-Straße 1 Ingolstadt85045 Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b Braunschweig38106 Germany Bienroder Weg 54 E Braunschweig38108 Germany Chair of Manufacturing Systems Department Design Production and Management University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede7522NB Netherlands

Integration of additive manufacturing (AM) into series production demands for comprehensive methods and tools. An agent-based process chain simulation framework is proposed to embed AM into a cyber-physical production system. A multi-dimensional evaluation supports the planning of AM process chains as well as their day-to-day operation. The detailed evaluation possibilities down to product and single simulation event level are illustrated by a case study, in which an automotive exterior part is produced using the multi-jet fusion technology. Multiple possible process chain configurations are assessed based on their modeled key performance indicators, summarized in a energy value stream map. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： 3D printers

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Deep Reinforcement Learning using Cyclical Learning Rates

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Gulde, Ralf Tuscher, Marc Csiszar, Akos Riedel, Oliver Verl, Alexander Institute of Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70174 Germany

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) methods often rely on the meticulous tuning of hyperparameters to successfully resolve problems. One of the most influential parameters in optimization procedures based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the learning rate. We investigate cyclical learning and propose a method for defining a general cyclical learning rate for various DRL problems. In this paper we present a method for cyclical learning applied to complex DRL problems. Our experiments show that, utilizing cyclical learning achieves similar or even better results than highly tuned fixed learning rates. This paper presents the first application of cyclical learning rates in DRL settings and is a step towards overcoming manual hyperparameter tuning. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep learning

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Reinforcement learning approach to vibration compensation for dynamic feed drive systems

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Gulde, Ralf Tuscher, Marc Csisza, Akos Riedel, Oliver Verl, Alexander Institute of Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart70174 Germany

Vibration compensation is important for many domains. For the machine tool industry it translates to higher machining precision and longer component lifetime. Current methods for vibration damping have their shortcomings (e.g. need for accurate dynamic models). In this paper we present a reinforcement learning based approach to vibration compensation applied to a machine tool axis. The work describes the problem formulation, the solution, the implementation and experiments using industrial machine tool hardware and control system. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： machine tools

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Generation of OPC UA Companion Specification with Eclipse Modeling Framework

Generation of OPC UA Companion Specification with Eclipse Mo...

引用

IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication systems (WFCS)

作者： Sebastian Friedl Christian von Arnim Armin Lechler Alexander Verl Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728152974

ISBN: (纸本)9781728152981

Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture (OPC UA) is a relevant technology in the field of machine-to-machine communication that defines data transport protocols and standardizes information modeling. Instead of defining a generalized world model, domain-specific models enable interoperability. These domain-specific models can be developed and released as Companion Specifications. More than 40 Companion Specifications are currently in development or already released. In this paper the current approaches to generate an OPC UA information model or an OPC UA Companion Specification are analyzed. A new modeling tooling based on the Eclipse Modeling Framework (EMF) is presented. This tooling demonstrates the potential of a model-driven approach for the creation of the information model and the structured part of the descriptive text document of a Companion Specification.

关键词： OPC UA OPC UA Companion Specification M2M model-driven development Eclipse Modeling Framework Industry 4.0 machine to machine originating point code information models Companions Model-driven development Specifications text documents ECLIPSES Information Modelling

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TSN-based Converged Industrial Networks: Evolutionary Steps and Migration Paths

TSN-based Converged Industrial Networks: Evolutionary Steps ...

引用

International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA)

作者： Christian von Arnim Mihai Drǎgan Florian Frick Armin Lechler Oliver Riedel Alexander Verl Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728189567

ISBN: (纸本)9781728189574

The digitalization of production is a strategic goal in the automation industry, though visions and industrial reality remain far apart. A key issue is that today's segmented communication architecture based on fieldbus networks does not fulfill the future requirements. Converged networks connecting IT and OT systems while maintaining deterministic guarantees for real-time communication are required instead. Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) in the context of IEEE 802.1 Ethernet is a key enabling technology for converged networks. The transition from current communication architectures towards converged networks will not be a disruptive change, but rather an evolutionary process involving many steps. In this paper, an analysis of different dimensions of this transition process and their evolutionary steps is presented. Potential migration paths from current to future production architectures and resulting intermediate brownfield scenarios are identified and analyzed with a focus on their communication architectures.

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A control model for downstream compensation strategy in multi-stage manufacturing systems of complex parts

引用

IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第13期52卷 1473-1478页

作者： Magnanini, Maria Chiara Eger, Florian Reiff, Colin Colledani, Marcello Verl, Alexander Dipartimento di Meccanica Politecnico di Milano Milano Italy Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units ISW University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

The capability of delivering high-quality products with the required service level is a key factor for competitiveness in manufacturing companies. Zero-Defect manufacturing control strategies aim at ensuring these targets grounding on the combination of knowledge extraction from the process and advanced statistical tools. This work presents the approach proposed within the EU-funded project ForZDM for selected use-cases in different industrial sectors characterized by multi-stage manufacturing systems and high-value complex parts. The control model is proposed and the overall control strategy is presented with respect to the state-of-the-art solutions, in order to show a comprehensive methodology integrating the joint product-system quality-oriented approach. © 2019, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adaptive control systems Defects Statistical mechanics Statistical process control Adaptive control Compensation strategy High quality products manufacturing companies manufacturing control strategies Multi stage manufacturing systems Variation models Zero defects

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Adaptive PWM Modulation for an Increased Energy Efficiency of Industrial Drives

Adaptive PWM Modulation for an Increased Energy Efficiency o...

引用

International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM

作者： Torben Henke Florian Frick Armin Lechler Alexander Verl Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728170190

ISBN: (纸本)9781728170206

Switching losses in inverters for industrial electric drives have a noticeable impact on their energy consumption and lifetime. In order to fulfill the accuracy requirements of electric drives for production equipment, a high switching frequency is typically used. This results in high switching losses which are proportional to the switching frequency. However, a high accuracy is not always required. Therefore, a method for adapting the switching frequency of the drive inverter during runtime when high accuracy is not required is presented in this paper. The method includes the identification of operating states of the machine tool, automatic calculation of the controller parameters and strategies for changing the PWM frequency during runtime. Experimental results validate this novel approach.

关键词： Pulse width modulation Switching frequency Frequency control machine tools Switches Inverters

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Kinematic simulation to investigate the influence of the cutting edge topography when ball end micro milling 18

Kinematic simulation to investigate the influence of the cut...

引用

18th CIRP Conference on Modeling of Machining Operations, CMMO 2021

作者： Klauer, Katja Altherr, Nicolas Eifler, Matthias Kirsch, Benjamin Böß, Volker Seewig, Jörg Aurich, Jan C. Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimer Str. Kaiserslautern67663 Germany Institute for Measurement and Sensor-Technology Technische Universität Kaiserslautern Gottlieb-Daimer Str. Kaiserslautern67663 Germany IU University of Applied Sciences Juri-Gagrin-Ring 152 Erfurt99084 Germany Institute of Production Engineering and Machine Tools Leibniz Universität Hannover An der Universität 2 Gabsen30823 Germany

During the ball end micro milling of material measures, the cutting edge topography is imaged on the machined workpiece. The influence of the chipping on the resulting surface quality is much more dominant than other kinematic effects. In this simulative study, a model is built that is able to predict the correlation between the cutting edge topography and the resulting workpiece topography. Thus, the mentioned correlation can be investigated without overlaying effects of material separation or measurement uncertainties, which are unavoidable in an experimental study. The model has been validated based on four artificial chippings. © 2021 Elsevier B.V.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topography

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Knowledge transfer and engineering methods for smart-circular product service systems

引用

Procedia CIRP 2021年 100卷 379-384页

作者： Friedrich Halstenberg Jasmin Dönmez Mark Mennenga Christoph Herrmann Rainer Stark Fraunhofer Institute for Production Systems and Design Technolog Pascalstr. 8-910587 Berlin Germany Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19 b 38106 Braunschweig Germany

Smart Product Service systems (Smart PSS) have the potential to contribute to a Circular Economy (CE), but in the design of these systems engineering teams often lack information and knowledge on CE strategies and processes. Against this background, the authors propose a knowledge transfer system for the design of Smart-circular PSS. The system can be used in the concept phase of the Smart PSS development process and delivers information on CE strategies via a Smart-circular PSS Lifecycle Flowchart (SCPLF) and service archetypes. These strategies can be selected, supplemented and extended according to individual user requirements. The approach was validated using an intelligent street lighting system. This paper summarizes findings from the application and provides insights into potentials and limitations for the design of Smart-circular Smart PSS.

关键词： Smart PSS, Smart-circular PSS Model-based systems engineering (MBSE) Sustainability

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Part Variation Modeling to Avoid Scrap Parts in Multi-stage Production systems

引用

Procedia CIRP 2022年 107卷 851-856页

作者： Florian Eger Stefan Oechsle Colin Reiff Maria Chiara Magnanini Philipp Tempel Armin Lechler Alexander Verl Marcello Colledani Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Seidenstrasse 36 Stuttgart 70174 Germany Politecnico di Milano Department of Mechanical Engineering Via la Masa 1 Milan 20156 Italy Laboratoire des Sciences du Numérique de Nantes (LS2N) UMR CNRS 6004 École Centrale de Nantes 1 Rue de la Noë 44321 Nantes France

manufacturing systems for today's products are complex systems requiring a variety of different processes in order to be able to manufacture all necessary part features. This also applies to the production of rotating components, which have experienced increasing demand at the latest due to the growth in mobility. As in almost every manufacturing process, quality-reducing defects can occur due to deviations for example tool wear, which cannot always be avoided. Those, that have accumulated from previous process steps can cause the occurrence of superimposed defects. This leads to complex relationships between quality defects in the end product and the numerous parameters of the manufacturing processes. To remain competitive, production must be optimized in order to identify defects as early as possible, as well as their dependencies and variation patterns. The paper presents an approach to identify and model part variations within multi-stage production systems. Subsequently, based on a detected deviation, a downstream compensation strategy can be proposed at an early stage of the manufacturing process, which uses the capability of the overall system to fundamentally eliminate rejects.

关键词： Zero-defect manufacturing Defect Compensation Multi-stage Production System Downstream Compensation

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