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Evaluation of the influence of change drivers on the factory life cycle

Procedia CIRP 2021年 104卷 170-175页

作者： Lennart Hingst Antal Dér Christoph Herrmann Peter Nyhuis Institute of Production Systems and Logistics Leibniz University Hannover An der Universität 2 30823 Garbsen Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Insitute of Machine Tools and Production Technology (IWF) Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b 38106 Braunschweig Germany

Factories consist of numerous factory elements with individual life cycles. Besides technical aspects such as wear, their actual lifetime is influenced by change drivers from an increasingly dynamic market environment. As a result, factory elements may experience a premature end due to changed requirements before the end of their technical lifetime. The difficulty in factory planning is to understand the behavior of the life cycles in order to make management decisions. Therefore, the goal is to identify change drivers and evaluate their influence on the factory life cycle, while taking into account the technical functionality.

关键词： Factoy life cycle Transformability Change drivers Factory planning Life cycle evaluation

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A model-based and software-assisted safety assessment concept for reconfigurable PnP-systems

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 93卷 359-364页

作者： C.H. Koo S. Schröck M. Vorderer J. Richter A. Verl Corporate Sector Research and Advanced Engineering Robert Bosch GmbH Robert-Bosch-Campus 1 71272 Renningen Germany Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Systems (ISW) University Stuttgart Seidenstraße 36 70174 Stuttgart Germany

In times of volatile market situations, the deployment of Plug-and-Produce (PnP) technology for reconfigurable systems contributes to better responsiveness to satisfy changing production demands. However, the possibility for rapid system (re-)configuration raises safety uncertainties and complicates the required safety assessment procedure. In accordance to the legislative requirements, safety engineers must conduct a thorough safety assessment for the system under consideration, which is highly time-consuming and demands extensive evaluations to ensure error-free results. This publication proposes a model-based safety assessment concept (MBSAFE), utilizing the concept of digital representations, simulations and semantic modeling to facilitate safety engineers during safety assessment and decision-making.

关键词： safety assessment reconfigurable manufacturing systems plug-and-produce systems model-based approach digital representations

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Upscaling strategies for polymer additive manufacturing: an assessment from economic and environmental perspective for SLS, MJF and DLP

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 104卷 653-658页

作者： Sebastian Thiede Mathias Wiese Christoph Herrmann Manufacturing Systems Faculty of Engineering Technology Department of Design Production & Management University of Twente De Horst 2 Building 20 Enschede 7522 LW The Netherlands Polymer Additive Manufacturing Center AUDI AG Auto-Union-Straße 1 Ingolstadt 85045 Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b Braunschweig 38106 Germany

Without a question, additive manufacturing (AM) technologies are of strong and even further increasing importance nowadays. While incorporating strong potentials in context of customer-individual geometries, there are challenges when it comes to upscaling of production volumes due to long process times. The upscaling characteristics also differ among the available AM technologies. Against this background, this paper introduces and analyses different upscaling strategies from AM process perspective (for MJF, SLS and DLP) in context of economic and environmental performance criteria.

关键词： Type your keywords here separated by semicolons

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Dynamic modeling of additive manufacturing process chains for end-use part manufacturing

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 104卷 500-505页

作者： Mathias Wiese Antal Dér Alexander Leiden Tim Abraham Christoph Herrmann Sebastian Thiede Polymer Additive Manufacturing Center AUDI AG Auto-Union-Straße 1 Ingolstadt 85045 Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b Braunschweig 38106 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films (IST) Bienroder Weg 54 E Braunschweig 38108 Germany Chair of Manufacturing Systems Department Design Production and Management University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522NB The Netherlands

Integration of additive manufacturing (AM) into series production demands for comprehensive methods and tools. An agent-based process chain simulation framework is proposed to embed AM into a cyber-physical production system. A multi-dimensional evaluation supports the planning of AM process chains as well as their day-to-day operation. The detailed evaluation possibilities down to product and single simulation event level are illustrated by a case study, in which an automotive exterior part is produced using the multi-jet fusion technology. Multiple possible process chain configurations are assessed based on their modeled key performance indicators, summarized in a energy value stream map.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Process chain simulation Rapid manufacturing Cyber-physical production systems Energy value stream analysis Multi-jet fusion

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Connected production planning and control systems – implementation and the optimization process for subcontracting

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Procedia CIRP 2020年 88卷 191-196页

作者： Carsten Ellwein Anja Elser Marcel Vollmer Oliver Riedel Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Seidenstr. 36 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany University of Stuttgart Kepplerstr.7 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany

Production planning and control (PPC) systems are used to organize operating materials. In order to address connectivity demands of interacting PPC systems a new software architecture has been presented in prior work. This software architecture provides a basis for data exchange in-between such systems. It is up to this paper to describe an implementation approach realizing the theory. Furthermore, a new optimization process which targets subcontracting, dynamics and communication of interconnected PPC systems is presented. As a result, the mandatory and optional content of an order enquiry as well as of a response message is discussed.

关键词： Planning control systems Software architecture Industry 4.0 Cloud manufacturing

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Comparative Analysis of Factory Simulation Description Models for Comprehensive Description of Model Design

Comparative Analysis of Factory Simulation Description Model...

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IEEE Eurasia Conference on IOT, Communication and engineering (ECICE)

作者： Daniella Brovkina Annika Kienzlen Oliver Riedel Graduate School of Excellence advanced Manufacturing Engineering (GSaME) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany The Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728180601

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180618

Simulation models are used during the entire life cycle of a factory. Because of a factory's complexity, different simulation tools with different scope emerged over time. The holistic mapping requires coupled simulations that consider the factory from different perspectives. Each simulation requires a new tool and simulation model, which, up to now, has usually been created manually. This paper presents an analysis of existing approaches and data models for factory simulation description. These approaches allow data exchange between single simulation models, but do not provide dynamic coupling and model generation, and often cannot include all relevant information for the factory simulation. To achieve a continuous and comprehensive factory simulation, a concept for a metamodel for factory simulation description is outlined. Its goal is not only to describe a skeleton of the factory and provide simulation coupling and data exchange but also to provide a dynamic model generation.

关键词： Modeling Data models Unified modeling language Analytical models Production facilities Computational modeling tools

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Graph-based Data Model for Assembly-Specific Capability Description for Fully Automated Assembly Line Design

Graph-based Data Model for Assembly-Specific Capability Desc...

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IEEE Eurasia Conference on IOT, Communication and engineering (ECICE)

作者： Daniella Brovkina Oliver Riedel Graduate School of Excellence advanced Manufacturing Engineering (GSaME) University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany The Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units University of Stuttgart Stuttgart Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Engineering IAO Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781728180601

ISBN: (纸本)9781728180618

Assembly systems are an essential component of industrial production. However, due to a lack of tools for decision-making support, these systems are usually planned and designed manually or with a low degree of automation. In this paper, a data model and a fully automated system for the design of assembly lines in the context of Model-based System engineering (MBSE) are presented. This system uses a graph-based description of the product and production capabilities, matches the product requirements to the available capabilities and resources, and enables an appropriate design generation using the Model-in-the-Loop and Software-in-the-Loop simulations. Explicit semantics and high flexibility of the graph-based data model allow a fine-grained description of the highly complex system. A particular focus is on the assembly-specific capability and product description, and generalizability of assembly systems through the use of the presented data model. For the data model evaluation, several scenarios are presented, where the production capabilities are being matched to a product description to form a logic assembly line structure.

关键词： Data models Communication cables Layout Force Parallel robots Creep Virtual manufacturing

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Motion superimposition for machine tool trajectories using asynchronous axis interpolation ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2019年第10期52卷 300-305页

作者： T. König A. Verl A. Lechler Institute for Control Engineering of Machine Tools and Manufacturing Units (ISW) University of Stuttgart Germany

This paper presents a method for reducing non-productive times in the planning and interpolation of lift movements during 2.5D machining. At the moment, this mostly vertical lift movement is executed separately from the position changing in the operating plane. This sequential processing of motions increases the non-productive time in processes with frequent changes of operating height, such as laser cutting. The reduction is realized by superimposing the planar path movements with lift motion. An asynchronous axis interpolation is applied to make use of the maximum machine dynamics. In addition, known obstacles can be taken into account by further parameters in the planning.

关键词： machine tools productivity simultaneous processing lift movement path optimization non-productive time reduction asynchronous interpolation

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Modeling energy and resource use in additive manufacturing of automotive series parts with multi-jet fusion and selective laser sintering

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Procedia CIRP 2021年 98卷 358-363页

作者： Mathias Wiese Alexander Leiden Christopher Rogall Sebastian Thiede Christoph Herrmann Polymer Additive Manufacturing Center AUDI AG Auto-Union-Straβe 1 Ingolstadt 85045 Germany Chair of Sustainable Manufacturing and Life Cycle Engineering Institute of Machine Tools and Production Technology Technische Universität Braunschweig Langer Kamp 19b Braunschweig 38106 Germany Chair of Manufacturing Systems Department Design Production and Management University of Twente Drienerlolaan 5 Enschede 7522NB The Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Surface Engineering and Thin Films (1ST) Bienroder Weg 54 E Braunschweig 38108 Germany

With additive manufacturing (AM) becoming a competitive manufacturing process for low to medium production volumes, rapid manufacturing becomes an increasingly relevant manufacturing approach. However, regulations and customers demand more eco-efficient life-cycles of products. This requires engineers and designers to pre-select between productive AM processes like selective laser sintering (SLS) and multi-jet fusion (MJF), based on their expected environmental impact in series production. As SLS already debuted in the mid-1980s, researches broadly explored parts’ mechanical properties, energy and resource use. The multi-jet fusion (MJF) technology, introduced in 2017, delivers comparable part properties at considerably higher print speeds. However, its energy and resource use is still scarcely covered. To close this gap, this publication develops a model for evaluation of energy and resource utilization based on a case study with an automotive exterior series part using an EOS P396 SLS and a HP 4200 MJF machine. Data from measurements in energy and material consumption as well as the print job shows a good predictability and builds the basis for an environmental assessment. The derived model and its functional blocks allow estimation and comparison of sustainability for different use cases in rapid manufacturing with MJF and SLS. Despite the process similarities, results concerning greenhouse gas emissions and cumulative energy demand are different. The gained insights enhance pre-selection of manufacturing strategies, a suitable printing technology and the evaluation of AM processes during manufacturing according to sustainability aspects. Printer manufacturers and users may find this research insightful for improvements in sustainability and comparability of future AM processes.

关键词： Rapid manufacturing Energy efficiency Resource efficiency Additive manufacturing Automotive engineering Process modeling

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A two-step digitalization level assessment approach for manufacturing companies

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Procedia manufacturing 2021年 54卷 25-30页

作者： Günther Schuh Thomas Scheuer Gábor Nick Ádám Szaller Tamás Várgedő Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL) RWTH Aachen University Aachen 52074 Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology Aachen 52074 Germany Széchenyi University Research Center of Vehicle Industry Győr 9026 Hungary EPIC InnoLabs Ltd. Budapest 1111 Hungary Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest 1111 Hungary Department of Manufacturing Science and Engineering Budapest University of Technology and Economics Budapest 1111 Hungary

manufacturing companies are facing the fourth industrial revolution, which concerns itself with the real-time data-based communication and connection between cyber-physical systems and people. To initiate a successful digital transformation, many organizations turn to Industry 4.0 maturity models for orientation and advice. This paper aims to enable companies to find the model that suits them best. Therefore, several existing models are introduced and two of them, a quick-assessment model ( CCMS ) and a more extensive approach ( Industry 4.0 Maturity Index ), are described in detail. These two complementing models are combined into a new resource-efficient approach to assessing Industry 4.0 maturity.

关键词： Industry 4.0 Maturity model Readiness assessment Digitalization

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