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Development of Elliptical Cryptography Technique to Watermark Embedded and Extrusion for Healthcare Records 2nd

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Development of Elliptical Cryptography Technique to Watermar...

2nd International Conference on Cyber Warfare, Security and Space Computing, SpacSec 2024

作者： Hegde, N. Prajwal Sivaraman, R. Dharmamoorthy, G. Dubey, Ankit Kumar Patro, Pramoda Mary, S. Suma Christal Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science NMAM Institute of Technology Nitte Deemed to be University Karkala India Department of Mathematics Dwaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College Arumbakkam Tamil Nadu Chennai India Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis MB School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mohan Babu University Tirupati Rangampeta India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Baderia Global Institute of Engineering and Management MP Jabalpur India Department of Mathematics Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Hyderabad India Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering College Poonamalle Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9783031734939

An application of E-healthcare watermarking method based on a hybridization of encryption as well as compression algorithms is proposed as the primary goal of this work. One step involves inserting a watermark into the image, and the other involves removing it. These are the two main components of the suggested system. Before beginning the embedding procedure, use a region-growing method to segment the tumour independently. Hash Secure Algorithm-256 encrypt the electronic health record (EHR) and Elliptical curve cryptography and its associated area of interest. Mathematical coding algorithms are then used to concatenate and compress the data. Lastly, the packed down bit is embedded into the original picture. When extracting a substance, the same steps are conducted again. Using the maximum signal ratio to noisy and normalized correlation, the experimental outcomes for various medicinal photos using EHR are shown, and the efficacy of the suggested method is evaluated. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Electronic health record

Cross-Modal Causal Representation Learning for Radiology Report Generation

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IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Weixing Chen Yang Liu Ce Wang Jiarui Zhu Guanbin Li Cheng-Lin Liu Liang Lin School of Computer Science and Engineering Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Guangzhou China School of Science Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen China Department of Health Technology and Informatics The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Radiology Report Generation (RRG) is essential for computer-aided diagnosis and medication guidance, which can relieve the heavy burden of radiologists by automatically generating the corresponding radiology reports according to the given radiology image. However, generating accurate lesion descriptions remains challenging due to spurious correlations from visual-linguistic biases and inherent limitations of radiological imaging, such as low resolution and noise interference. To address these issues, we propose a two-stage framework named Cross-Modal Causal Representation Learning (CMCRL), consisting of the Radiological Cross-modal Alignment and Reconstruction Enhanced (RadCARE) pre-training and the Visual-Linguistic Causal Intervention (VLCI) fine-tuning. In the pre-training stage, RadCARE introduces a degradation-aware masked image restoration strategy tailored for radiological images, which reconstructs high-resolution patches from low-resolution inputs to mitigate noise and detail loss. Combined with a multiway architecture and four adaptive training strategies (e.g., text postfix generation with degraded images and text prefixes), RadCARE establishes robust cross-modal correlations even with incomplete data. In the VLCI phase, we deploy causal front-door intervention through two modules: the Visual Deconfounding Module (VDM) disentangles local-global features without fine-grained annotations, while the Linguistic Deconfounding Module (LDM) eliminates context bias without external terminology databases. Experiments on IU-Xray and MIMIC-CXR show that our CMCRL pipeline significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods, with ablation studies confirming the necessity of both stages. Code and models are available at.

关键词： visualization Linguistics Radiology Heart Training Correlation Feature extraction Lesions Accuracy Lungs

Artificial intelligence for modelling infectious disease epidemics

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Nature 2025年第8051期638卷 623-635页

作者： Kraemer, Moritz U. G. Tsui, Joseph L.-H. Chang, Serina Y. Lytras, Spyros Khurana, Mark P. Vanderslott, Samantha Bajaj, Sumali Scheidwasser, Neil Curran-Sebastian, Jacob Liam Semenova, Elizaveta Zhang, Mengyan Unwin, H. Juliette T. Watson, Oliver J. Mills, Cathal Dasgupta, Abhishek Ferretti, Luca Scarpino, Samuel V. Koua, Etien Morgan, Oliver Tegally, Houriiyah Paquet, Ulrich Moutsianas, Loukas Fraser, Christophe Ferguson, Neil M. Topol, Eric J. Duchêne, David A. Stadler, Tanja Kingori, Patricia Parker, Michael J. Dominici, Francesca Shadbolt, Nigel Suchard, Marc A. Ratmann, Oliver Flaxman, Seth Holmes, Edward C. Gomez-Rodriguez, Manuel Schölkopf, Bernhard Donnelly, Christl A. Pybus, Oliver G. Cauchemez, Simon Bhatt, Samir Pandemic Sciences Institute University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Biology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA United States UCSF UC Berkeley Joint Program in Computational Precision Health Berkeley CA United States Division of Systems Virology Department of Microbiology and Immunology The Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Section of Epidemiology Department of Public Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Oxford Vaccine Group University of Oxford and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre Oxford United Kingdom Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom School of Mathematics University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis School of Public Health Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Statistics University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Doctoral Training Centre University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Institute for Experiential AI Northeastern University MA Boston Thailand Santa Fe Institute Santa Fe NM United States World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa Brazzaville Congo WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Health Emergencies Programme World Health Organization Berlin Germany Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation (CERI) School for Data Science and Computational Thinking Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa African Institute for Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) South Africa Muizenberg Cape Town South Africa Genomics England London United Kingdom Scripps Research La Jolla CA United States Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering ETH Zürich Basel Switzerland Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics Lausanne Switzerland The Ethox Centre Nuffield

Infectious disease threats to individual and public health are numerous, varied and frequently unexpected. Artificial intelligence (AI) and related technologies, which are already supporting human decision making in economics, medicine and social science, have the potential to transform the scope and power of infectious disease epidemiology. Here we consider the application to infectious disease modelling of AI systems that combine machine learning, computational statistics, information retrieval and data science. We first outline how recent advances in AI can accelerate breakthroughs in answering key epidemiological questions and we discuss specific AI methods that can be applied to routinely collected infectious disease surveillance data. Second, we elaborate on the social context of AI for infectious disease epidemiology, including issues such as explainability, safety, accountability and ethics. Finally, we summarize some limitations of AI applications in this field and provide recommendations for how infectious disease epidemiology can harness most effectively current and future developments in AI. © Springer Nature Limited 2025.

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UDHF2-Net: Uncertainty-diffusion-model-based High-Frequency TransFormer Network for Remotely Sensed Imagery Interpretation

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Pengfei Li, Chang Zhang, Yongjun Qin, Rongjun Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis & Simulation of Hubei Province College of Urban and Environmental Science Central China Normal University Wuhan China School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering Wuhan University China Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Translational Data Analytics Institute The Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

Remotely sensed imagery interpretation (RSII), including semantic segmentation and change detection, faces the three major problems: (1) objective representation of spatial distribution patterns with coexistence of spatial stationary and non-stationary;(2) edge uncertainty problem caused by downsampling encoder and intrinsic edge noises (e.g., mixed pixel and edge occlusion etc.);and (3) false detection problem caused by geometric registration error in change detection. To solve the aforementioned problems, uncertainty-diffusion-model-based high-Frequency TransFormer network (UDHF2-Net) is the first to be proposed, whose superiorities are as follows: (1) a spatially-stationary-and-non-stationary high-frequency connection paradigm (SHCP) is proposed to enhance the interaction of spatially frequency-wise stationary and non-stationary features to yield high-fidelity edge extraction result. Inspired by HRFormer, SHCP proposes high-frequency-wise stream to replace high-resolution-wise stream in HRFormer through the whole encoder-decoder process with parallel frequency-wise high-to-low streams, so it improves the edge extraction accuracy by continuously remaining high-frequency information;(2) a mask-and-geo-knowledge-based uncertainty diffusion module (MUDM), which is a self-supervised learning strategy, is proposed to improve the edge accuracy of extraction and change detection by gradually removing the simulated spectrum noises based on geo-knowledge and the generated diffused spectrum noises;(3) a frequency-wise semi-pseudo-Siamese UDHF2-Net is the first to be proposed to balance accuracy and complexity for change detection. Besides the aforementioned spectrum noises in semantic segmentation, MUDM is also a self-supervised learning strategy to effectively reduce the edge false change detection from the generated imagery with geometric registration error. In semantic segmentation experiments, UDHF2-Net achieved the best mIoU values of 92.00%, 87.31% and 55.27% respecti

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

EMAHA-DB1: A New Upper Limb sEMG dataset for Classification of Activities of Daily Living

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Karnam, Naveen Kumar Turlapaty, Anish Chand Dubey, Shiv Ram Gokaraju, Balakrishna The Biosignal Analysis Lab The Indian Institute of Information Technology A.P. Sri City India The Computer Vision and Biometrics Laboratory Indian Institute of Information Technology U.P. Allahabad Prayagraj211015 India Department of Computational Data Science An Engineering North Carolina A and T State University GreensboroNC United States

In this paper, we present electromyography analysis of human activity - database 1 (EMAHA-DB1), a novel dataset of multi-channel surface electromyography (sEMG) signals to evaluate the activities of daily living (ADL). The dataset is acquired from 25 able-bodied subjects while performing 22 activities categorised according to functional arm activity behavioral system (FAABOS) (3 - full hand gestures, 6 - open/close office draw, 8 - grasping and holding of small office objects, 2 - flexion and extension of finger movements, 2 - writing and 1 - rest). The sEMG data is measured by a set of five Noraxon Ultium wireless sEMG sensors with Ag/Agcl electrodes placed on a human hand. The dataset is analyzed for hand activity recognition classification performance. The classification is performed using four state-of-the-art machine learning classifiers, including Random Forest (RF), Fine K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Ensemble KNN (sKNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with seven combinations of time domain and frequency domain feature sets. The state-of-the-art classification accuracy on five FAABOS categories is 83.21% by using the SVM classifier with the third order polynomial kernel using energy feature and auto regressive feature set ensemble. The classification accuracy on 22 class hand activities is 75.39% by the same SVM classifier with the log moments in frequency domain (LMF) feature, modified LMF, time domain statistical (TDS) feature, spectral band powers (SBP), channel cross correlation and local binary patterns (LBP) set ensemble. The analysis depicts the technical challenges addressed by the dataset. The developed dataset can be used as a benchmark for various classification methods as well as for sEMG signal analysis corresponding to ADL and for the development of prosthetics and other wearable robotics. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Local binary pattern

Divert More Attention to Vision-Language Tracking

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Guo, Mingzhe Zhang, Zhipeng Fan, Heng Jing, Liping Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining Beijing Jiaotong University China Nlpr Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas United States

Relying on Transformer for complex visual feature learning, object tracking has witnessed the new standard for state-of-the-arts (SOTAs). However, this advancement accompanies by larger training data and longer training period, making tracking increasingly expensive. In this paper, we demonstrate that the Transformer-reliance is not necessary and the pure ConvNets are still competitive and even better yet more economical and friendly in achieving SOTA tracking. Our solution is to unleash the power of multimodal vision-language (VL) tracking, simply using ConvNets. The essence lies in learning novel unified-adaptive VL representations with our modality mixer (ModaMixer) and asymmetrical ConvNet search. We show that our unified-adaptive VL representation, learned purely with the ConvNets, is a simple yet strong alternative to Transformer visual features, by unbelievably improving a CNN-based Siamese tracker by 14.5% in SUC on challenging LaSOT (50.7%→65.2%), even outperforming several Transformer-based SOTA trackers. Besides empirical results, we theoretically analyze our approach to evidence its effectiveness. By revealing the potential of VL representation, we expect the community to divert more attention to VL tracking and hope to open more possibilities for future tracking beyond Transformer. Code and models will be released at https://***/JudasDie/SOTS. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

Touchstone Benchmark: Are We on the Right Way for Evaluating AI Algorithms for Medical Segmentation?

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Bassi, Pedro R.A.S. Li, Wenxuan Tang, Yucheng Isensee, Fabian Wang, Zifu Chen, Jieneng Chou, Yu-Cheng Roy, Saikat Kirchhoff, Yannick Rokuss, Maximilian Huang, Ziyan Ye, Jin He, Junjun Wald, Tassilo Ulrich, Constantin Baumgartner, Michael Maier-Hein, Klaus H. Jaeger, Paul Ye, Yiwen Xie, Yutong Zhang, Jianpeng Chen, Ziyang Xia, Yong Xing, Zhaohu Zhu, Lei Sadegheih, Yousef Bozorgpour, Afshin Kumari, Pratibha Azad, Reza Merhof, Dorit Shi, Pengcheng Ma, Ting Du, Yuxin Bai, Fan Huang, Tiejun Zhao, Bo Wang, Haonan Li, Xiaomeng Gu, Hanxue Dong, Haoyu Yang, Jichen Mazurowski, Maciej A. Gupta, Saumya Wu, Linshan Zhuang, Jiaxin Chen, Hao Roth, Holger Xu, Daguang Blaschko, Matthew B. Decherchi, Sergio Cavalli, Andrea Yuille, Alan L. Zhou, Zongwei Department of Computer Science Johns Hopkins University United States Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology University of Bologna Italy Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy NVIDIA United States Germany Germany ESAT-PSI KU Leuven Belgium Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Germany HIDSS4Health - Helmholtz Information and Data Science School for Health Germany Shanghai Jiao Tong University China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory China Pattern Analysis and Learning Group Department of Radiation Oncology Heidelberg University Hospital Germany DKFZ Germany School of Computer Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University China Australian Institute for Machine Learning The University of Adelaide Australia College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Faculty of Informatics and Data Science University of Regensburg Germany Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology RWTH Aachen University Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS Germany Electronic & Information Engineering School Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Peking University China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke University United States Stony Brook University United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Division of Life Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Data Science and Computation Facility Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Italy Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland

How can we test AI performance? This question seems trivial, but it isn’t. Standard benchmarks often have problems such as in-distribution and small-size test sets, oversimplified metrics, unfair comparisons, and short-term outcome pressure. As a consequence, good performance on standard benchmarks does not guarantee success in real-world scenarios. To address these problems, we present Touchstone, a large-scale collaborative segmentation benchmark of 9 types of abdominal organs. This benchmark is based on 5,195 training CT scans from 76 hospitals around the world and 5,903 testing CT scans from 11 additional hospitals. This diverse test set enhances the statistical significance of benchmark results and rigorously evaluates AI algorithms across out-of-distribution scenarios. We invited 14 inventors of 19 AI algorithms to train their algorithms, while our team, as a third party, independently evaluated these algorithms. In addition, we also evaluated pre-existing AI frameworks—which, differing from algorithms, are more flexible and can support different algorithms—including MONAI from NVIDIA, nnU-Net from DKFZ, and numerous other open-source frameworks. We are committed to expanding this benchmark to encourage more innovation of AI algorithms for the medical domain. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Open systems

An efficient Monte Carlo scheme for Zakai equations

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Beck, Christian Becker, Sebastian Cheridito, Patrick Jentzen, Arnulf Neufeld, Ariel Department of Mathematics ETH Zurich Switzerland School of Data Science Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Applied Mathematics: Institute for Analysis and Numerics Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Münster Germany Division of Mathematical Sciences School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore

In this paper we develop a numerical method for efficiently approximating solutions of certain Zakai equations in high dimensions. The key idea is to transform a given Zakai SPDE into a PDE with random coefficients. We show that under suitable regularity assumptions on the coefficients of the Zakai equation, the corresponding random PDE admits a solution random field which, for almost all realizations of the random coefficients, can be written as a classical solution of a linear parabolic PDE. This makes it possible to apply the Feynman–Kac formula to obtain an efficient Monte Carlo scheme for computing approximate solutions of Zakai equations. The approach achieves good results in up to 25 dimensions with fast run *** Codes 65C05, 65M75, 60H15, 62M20 Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

Deep learning approximations for non-local nonlinear PDEs with Neumann boundary conditions

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Boussange, Victor Becker, Sebastian Jentzen, Arnulf Kuckuck, Benno Pellissier, Loïc Switzerland Landscape Ecology Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH Zürich Switzerland Risklab Department of Mathematics ETH Zürich Switzerland School of Data Science Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen China Applied Mathematics Institute for Analysis and Numerics Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Münster Germany Landscape Ecology Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems Department of Environmental System Science ETH Zürich Switzerland

Nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to model dynamical processes in a large number of scientific fields, ranging from finance to biology. In many applications standard local models are not sufficient to accurately account for certain non-local phenomena such as, e.g., interactions at a distance. In order to properly capture these phenomena non-local nonlinear PDE models are frequently employed in the literature. In this article we propose two numerical methods based on machine learning and on Picard iterations, respectively, to approximately solve non-local nonlinear PDEs. The proposed machine learning-based method is an extended variant of a deep learning-based splitting-up type approximation method previously introduced in the literature and utilizes neural networks to provide approximate solutions on a subset of the spatial domain of the solution. The Picard iterations-based method is an extended variant of the so-called full history recursive multilevel Picard approximation scheme previously introduced in the literature and provides an approximate solution for a single point of the domain. Both methods are mesh-free and allow non-local nonlinear PDEs with Neumann boundary conditions to be solved in high dimensions. In the two methods, the numerical difficulties arising due to the dimensionality of the PDEs are avoided by (i) using the correspondence between the expected trajectory of reflected stochastic processes and the solution of PDEs (given by the Feynman-Kac formula) and by (ii) using a plain vanilla Monte Carlo integration to handle the nonlocal term. We evaluate the performance of the two methods on five different PDEs arising in physics and biology. In all cases, the methods yield good results in up to 10 dimensions with short run times. Our work extends recently developed methods to overcome the curse of dimensionality in solving *** Codes 35R09 (Primary) 65M75, 45K05, 35K20, 65C05, 65M22, 68T07 (Secondary). Copyright © 2022,

关键词： Deep learning