This work presents a system for remote emission sensing (RES), focusing on the design and simulation-based evaluation of a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS). The system aims to measure CO 2 emission...
This work presents a system for remote emission sensing (RES), focusing on the design and simulation-based evaluation of a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS). The system aims to measure CO 2 emissions over a 10 m pathlength using targeted absorption lines in the 1601.0 nm to 1601.6 nm wavelength range. Simulations demonstrate the feasibility of accurately determining gas concentration and temperature with minimal errors. We also explore the application of wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) for enhanced sensitivity, favoring the balanced detection scheme over the single photodetector setup. These findings lay the groundwork for a laboratory setup and future research on expanding the system to measure additional analytes relevant to RES.
In this work we present a system for remote emission sensing (RES), focusing on a system for optical gas imaging, to enable direct concentration measurements by a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) te...
In this work we present a system for remote emission sensing (RES), focusing on a system for optical gas imaging, to enable direct concentration measurements by a Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) technique. The technique is basing on background oriented schlieren imaging to give a robust information of the exhaust plume size, thus the absorption length of the laser. We present the description of the system, our approach of AI-based image processing and verification results. The gas imaging system was tested on-road and characterized in lab with controlled gas mixtures. First results from lab characterization and on-road measurements prove the feasibility of the approach, i.e. exhaust plumes of passing cars are reliably detected and the sizes of plumes are then calculated appropriately.
The article describes the possibilities of calibrating the force constant in an electromagnetic force compensation (EMFC) load cell using the electrostatic force compensation principle. The static and dynamic principl...
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The use of LiDAR sensortechnology for people detection offers a significant advantage in terms of data pro-tection. In LiDAR point clouds, unlike camera images, people can be detected but not identified without furth...
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The road temperature is used as an indicator for the winter maintenance service. Consequently, it should be determinated within a known measurement uncertainty. Investigations in road weather stations revealed inconsi...
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High-performance Li-ion battery systems require sophisticated thermal management to ensure safe operation and long battery life. Testing such thermal management systems comes with some disadvantages and safety concern...
High-performance Li-ion battery systems require sophisticated thermal management to ensure safe operation and long battery life. Testing such thermal management systems comes with some disadvantages and safety concerns. For this reason, the use of thermal battery dummies is advantageous. In this work, we present the design of a thermal battery dummy with 26650 cylindrical cell geometry with an integrated sensor node. The control of the heating power and the temperature measurement is done inside the dummy cell. Power supply and communication with a test bench computer are done through the supply lines. Thus, the only cell connections are the battery terminals, resulting in a dummy cell with geometric characteristics equivalent to a real Li-ion cylindrical cell. This and an addressing-based communication protocol allows parallel operation of multiple battery dummies in a dummy pack compound. The design of the thermal parameters is based on preceding thermal measurements on a real battery cell; in the following we explain the concept of the thermal dummy and go into more detail on the main electronic circuits. With final measurements on a prototype we show the achieved properties of the thermal dummy.
Eddy current displacement sensors (ECDS) are essential for accurate position measurement in heavy industries. For instance, in steel plants, position sensor systems often need to measure large displacements and withst...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350363517
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350363524
Eddy current displacement sensors (ECDS) are essential for accurate position measurement in heavy industries. For instance, in steel plants, position sensor systems often need to measure large displacements and withstand high temperatures, dirt, and dust exposure. Various protective measures, such as metal shields or chain curtains, create a restricted environment for such sensors and cause interference. Shielding techniques must be used to reduce this interference. However, due to spatial restrictions, established shielding techniques cannot always be applied. This study presents a design approach for a single-coil ECDS that reduces the effects of metal objects on the measurement signal by using a single backside shield. The accuracy of the proposed measurement system is improved by integrating shielding measures and selecting a suitable measurement frequency. This improvement is demonstrated through the lab measurements. The measures provide a basis for reliable position measurement with ECDS in harsh environments.
The calculation of signal derivatives is a sensitive operation in digital signal processing. This is due to the high pass nature of the derivative operation and the subsequent noise amplification. Bandlimited differen...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350380903
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380910
The calculation of signal derivatives is a sensitive operation in digital signal processing. This is due to the high pass nature of the derivative operation and the subsequent noise amplification. Bandlimited differentiator designs based on FIR approximations are therefore commonly used. Another prominent technique is Savitzky-Golay-filtering to design FIR differentiators. However, all of these techniques introduce a temporal shift by the (constant) group delay of the odd FIR filters. In this work we present a FIR differentiator design for band-pass signals based on a Wiener filter approach. Therefore, the differentiation task is treated as a signal estimation problem, which leads to a delay free FIR differentiator. The design specifications for the filter, e.g. the bandwidth, are formulated in the frequency range. The properties and performance of the approach are presented by means of comparative simulation studies.
Sensing of natural ice accretion comprises the detection of the start of an icing event and the measurement of the thickness of a grown ice layer. In this work we present a combined capacitive and impedance spectrosco...
Sensing of natural ice accretion comprises the detection of the start of an icing event and the measurement of the thickness of a grown ice layer. In this work we present a combined capacitive and impedance spectroscopic sensing approach for ice detection and thickness measurement. We show the realization of a small sized inter digitated electrode sensor for ice detection and discuss the sensing effects and propose a detector based on a phase evaluation scheme using off-the-shelf measurement ICs. For ice thickness measurement we demonstrate the design of sensors with a good linearity behavior with respect to the ice thickness.
Displacement measurement systems based on acceleration sensors provide an interesting sensing approach for vibration monitoring. Hereby the displacement is computed by a double integration of the acceleration signals....
Displacement measurement systems based on acceleration sensors provide an interesting sensing approach for vibration monitoring. Hereby the displacement is computed by a double integration of the acceleration signals. The main challenge hereby are offset signals in the acceleration signal. Hence a lower cutoff frequency has to be determined for this sensing principle. However, not only DC components in the acceleration signal have to be considered, but also the measurement noise in the acceleration signal has to be taken into account. In this work we present a noise and uncertainty analysis for accelerometer based displacement measurement using a MEMS based sensor. We hereby investigate time domain and frequency domain displacement measurements. Theoretical results and comparative numerical studies are presented.
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